[
 {
  "measure": "Total civilian and combatant dead, whole conflict",
  "conflict": "Syria",
  "period": "2011-2024",
  "value": 656000,
  "value_label": "656,000",
  "estimate_high": "",
  "perpetrator": "Assad's forces caused over 90% of the civilian dead, plus 13,000 hanged at a single prison"
 },
 {
  "measure": "Total civilian and combatant dead, whole conflict",
  "conflict": "Ethiopia, Tigray",
  "period": "2020-2022",
  "value": 518000,
  "value_label": "518,000",
  "estimate_high": "",
  "perpetrator": "Ethiopian and Eritrean armies. Two years, and the range runs to 808,000. Almost no coverage in the West"
 },
 {
  "measure": "Total civilian and combatant dead, whole conflict",
  "conflict": "Yemen",
  "period": "2014-2021",
  "value": 377000,
  "value_label": "377,000",
  "estimate_high": "",
  "perpetrator": "Houthis and a Saudi-led coalition; three in five died of hunger and disease"
 },
 {
  "measure": "Total civilian and combatant dead, whole conflict",
  "conflict": "Nigeria",
  "period": "2009-2020",
  "value": 350000,
  "value_label": "350,000",
  "estimate_high": "",
  "perpetrator": "Boko Haram and Islamic State West Africa. Nine in ten of the dead are children under five, killed by the starvation and collapse the jihad left behind"
 },
 {
  "measure": "Total civilian and combatant dead, whole conflict",
  "conflict": "Mexico",
  "period": "2006-today",
  "value": 340000,
  "value_label": "340,000+",
  "estimate_high": "",
  "perpetrator": "Cartels, plus more than 100,000 people simply disappeared"
 },
 {
  "measure": "Total civilian and combatant dead, whole conflict",
  "conflict": "Afghanistan",
  "period": "2001-2021",
  "value": 176000,
  "value_label": "176,000",
  "estimate_high": "",
  "perpetrator": "Taliban, coalition and Afghan forces"
 },
 {
  "measure": "Total civilian and combatant dead, whole conflict",
  "conflict": "Myanmar",
  "period": "2021-today",
  "value": 100114,
  "value_label": "100,114",
  "estimate_high": "",
  "perpetrator": "A military junta shelling its own villages"
 },
 {
  "measure": "Total civilian and combatant dead, whole conflict",
  "conflict": "Gaza",
  "period": "2023-today",
  "value": 73317,
  "value_label": "73,317",
  "estimate_high": "",
  "perpetrator": "Israel, in a war Hamas began on 7 October. Counted and published daily, fighters included"
 },
 {
  "measure": "Total civilian and combatant dead, whole conflict",
  "conflict": "Sudan",
  "period": "2023-today",
  "value": 60000,
  "value_label": "60,000 documented, perhaps 150,000",
  "estimate_high": 150000,
  "perpetrator": "The Rapid Support Forces. A study of the capital region alone found 61,000 dead and over 90% of them never officially recorded. The UN documented 6,000 killed in three days at El Fasher"
 },
 {
  "measure": "Total civilian and combatant dead, whole conflict",
  "conflict": "Ukraine",
  "period": "2022-today",
  "value": 13883,
  "value_label": "13,883 civilians verified",
  "estimate_high": "",
  "perpetrator": "Russia; soldiers dead on both sides run into the hundreds of thousands"
 },
 {
  "measure": "Total civilian and combatant dead, whole conflict",
  "conflict": "Iran",
  "period": "2009-today",
  "value": 7935,
  "value_label": "7,935 named across four uprisings since 2009, 30,000+ estimated this winter alone",
  "estimate_high": 30000,
  "perpetrator": "The IRGC shooting its own people across four uprisings. Khamenei ordered the last one crushed by any means necessary, on the Tiananmen model"
 },
 {
  "measure": "Dead per year",
  "conflict": "Ethiopia, Tigray",
  "period": "2020-2022",
  "value": 259000,
  "value_label": "259,000 / yr",
  "estimate_high": "",
  "perpetrator": "Ethiopian and Eritrean armies, Amhara militias. Ten times Gaza's rate, for two straight years"
 },
 {
  "measure": "Dead per year",
  "conflict": "Yemen",
  "period": "2014-2021",
  "value": 54000,
  "value_label": "54,000 / yr",
  "estimate_high": "",
  "perpetrator": "Houthis, Saudi-led coalition; 60% died of hunger and disease"
 },
 {
  "measure": "Dead per year",
  "conflict": "Syria",
  "period": "2011-2024",
  "value": 47500,
  "value_label": "47,500 / yr",
  "estimate_high": "",
  "perpetrator": "Assad's forces caused over 90% of civilian deaths"
 },
 {
  "measure": "Dead per year",
  "conflict": "Mexico",
  "period": "2015-2024",
  "value": 34000,
  "value_label": "34,000 / yr",
  "estimate_high": "",
  "perpetrator": "Cartels; over 100,000 more disappeared"
 },
 {
  "measure": "Dead per year",
  "conflict": "Nigeria",
  "period": "2009-2020",
  "value": 29000,
  "value_label": "29,000 / yr",
  "estimate_high": "",
  "perpetrator": "Boko Haram and Islamic State West Africa, mostly through the famine and collapse they caused"
 },
 {
  "measure": "Dead per year",
  "conflict": "Gaza",
  "period": "2023-today",
  "value": 26600,
  "value_label": "26,600 / yr",
  "estimate_high": "",
  "perpetrator": "Israel, in a war Hamas began on 7 October"
 },
 {
  "measure": "Dead per year",
  "conflict": "The Sahel",
  "period": "2024",
  "value": 25000,
  "value_label": "25,000 in 2024",
  "estimate_high": "",
  "perpetrator": "al-Qaeda and Islamic State affiliates; 51% of all terrorism deaths on earth"
 },
 {
  "measure": "Dead per year",
  "conflict": "Myanmar",
  "period": "2021-today",
  "value": 18500,
  "value_label": "18,500 / yr",
  "estimate_high": "",
  "perpetrator": "The military junta"
 },
 {
  "measure": "Dead per year",
  "conflict": "Sudan",
  "period": "2023-today",
  "value": 17000,
  "value_label": "17,000 / yr (a floor)",
  "estimate_high": "",
  "perpetrator": "Rapid Support Forces and the Sudanese army"
 },
 {
  "measure": "Dead per year",
  "conflict": "Afghanistan",
  "period": "2001-2021",
  "value": 8800,
  "value_label": "8,800 / yr",
  "estimate_high": "",
  "perpetrator": "Taliban, coalition and Afghan forces"
 },
 {
  "measure": "Dead per year",
  "conflict": "Ukraine",
  "period": "2022-today",
  "value": 3500,
  "value_label": "3,500 civilians / yr",
  "estimate_high": "",
  "perpetrator": "Russia; military dead on both sides run far higher"
 },
 {
  "measure": "Dead in the same number of years as the Gaza war",
  "conflict": "Gaza",
  "period": "Hamas ministry count",
  "value": 73317,
  "value_label": "73,317",
  "estimate_high": "",
  "perpetrator": "The largest figure any party claims, fighters included"
 },
 {
  "measure": "Dead in the same number of years as the Gaza war",
  "conflict": "The Sahel",
  "period": "Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger",
  "value": 68000,
  "value_label": "~68,000",
  "estimate_high": "",
  "perpetrator": "Jihadist insurgencies and the armies fighting them"
 },
 {
  "measure": "Dead in the same number of years as the Gaza war",
  "conflict": "Sudan",
  "period": "RSF against Darfur",
  "value": 61000,
  "value_label": "61,000 documented, perhaps 150,000",
  "estimate_high": 150000,
  "perpetrator": "A single study found this many dead in the capital region alone, over 90% of them never officially recorded"
 },
 {
  "measure": "Dead in the same number of years as the Gaza war",
  "conflict": "Myanmar",
  "period": "since the coup",
  "value": 51000,
  "value_label": "~51,000",
  "estimate_high": "",
  "perpetrator": "The junta against its own population"
 },
 {
  "measure": "Dead in the same number of years as the Gaza war",
  "conflict": "Ukraine",
  "period": "civilians only",
  "value": 8000,
  "value_label": "8,000 verified",
  "estimate_high": "",
  "perpetrator": "Russia; soldiers dead in the same window number in the hundreds of thousands"
 },
 {
  "measure": "Dead in the same number of years as the Gaza war",
  "conflict": "Congo",
  "period": "eastern provinces",
  "value": 7000,
  "value_label": "7,000+ in 2025 alone",
  "estimate_high": "",
  "perpetrator": "M23, and an Islamic State franchise killing Christian villagers"
 },
 {
  "measure": "Dead in the same number of years as the Gaza war",
  "conflict": "Iran",
  "period": "the winter uprising",
  "value": 7007,
  "value_label": "7,007 named in this uprising alone, 30,000+ estimated",
  "estimate_high": 30000,
  "perpetrator": "Monitors have named 7,007 dead including 236 children, with 11,744 more cases unverified. Doctors' networks and Iran's own health ministry officials put the real figure at 20,000 to 30,000. Amnesty counted 205 body bags in footage from a single overflow morgue. The full account"
 },
 {
  "measure": "UN Human Rights Council condemnations",
  "conflict": "Israel",
  "period": "one democracy",
  "value": 112,
  "value_label": "112 resolutions",
  "estimate_high": "",
  "perpetrator": "Plus the only permanent country item on the Council's agenda"
 },
 {
  "measure": "UN Human Rights Council condemnations",
  "conflict": "Syria",
  "period": "Assad's rule",
  "value": 45,
  "value_label": "45",
  "estimate_high": "",
  "perpetrator": "Half a million dead, chemical weapons, 13,000 hanged at one prison"
 },
 {
  "measure": "UN Human Rights Council condemnations",
  "conflict": "Iran",
  "period": "",
  "value": 16,
  "value_label": "16",
  "estimate_high": "",
  "perpetrator": "Executions, and the money behind Hamas and Hezbollah"
 },
 {
  "measure": "UN Human Rights Council condemnations",
  "conflict": "Russia",
  "period": "",
  "value": 11,
  "value_label": "11",
  "estimate_high": "",
  "perpetrator": "The invasion of Ukraine"
 },
 {
  "measure": "UN Human Rights Council condemnations",
  "conflict": "Venezuela",
  "period": "",
  "value": 4,
  "value_label": "4",
  "estimate_high": "",
  "perpetrator": ""
 },
 {
  "measure": "UN Human Rights Council condemnations",
  "conflict": "China",
  "period": "Uyghur camps",
  "value": 0,
  "value_label": "0",
  "estimate_high": "",
  "perpetrator": "The Council voted 19 to 17 not even to debate it"
 },
 {
  "measure": "UN Human Rights Council condemnations",
  "conflict": "North Korea",
  "period": "",
  "value": 0,
  "value_label": "0",
  "estimate_high": "",
  "perpetrator": "Political prison camps"
 },
 {
  "measure": "Time from atrocity to an international court acting",
  "conflict": "Gaza",
  "period": "genocide case at the World Court",
  "value": 3,
  "value_label": "3 months",
  "estimate_high": "",
  "perpetrator": "South Africa filed on 29 December 2023"
 },
 {
  "measure": "Time from atrocity to an international court acting",
  "conflict": "Gaza",
  "period": "criminal court warrants",
  "value": 13,
  "value_label": "13 months",
  "estimate_high": "",
  "perpetrator": "Warrants for Israeli leaders and a Hamas commander"
 },
 {
  "measure": "Time from atrocity to an international court acting",
  "conflict": "Myanmar",
  "period": "genocide case",
  "value": 27,
  "value_label": "27 months",
  "estimate_high": "",
  "perpetrator": "Filed by The Gambia, after 700,000 Rohingya were driven out"
 },
 {
  "measure": "Time from atrocity to an international court acting",
  "conflict": "Sudan, Darfur",
  "period": "criminal court warrant",
  "value": 76,
  "value_label": "76 months",
  "estimate_high": "",
  "perpetrator": "Six years to a warrant for Omar al-Bashir"
 },
 {
  "measure": "Time from atrocity to an international court acting",
  "conflict": "Syria",
  "period": "never referred",
  "value": 0,
  "value_label": "never",
  "estimate_high": "",
  "perpetrator": "Russia and China vetoed the referral in 2014"
 },
 {
  "measure": "Time from atrocity to an international court acting",
  "conflict": "Iran",
  "period": "never referred",
  "value": 0,
  "value_label": "never",
  "estimate_high": "",
  "perpetrator": "Thousands shot in the street on the Supreme Leader's order. Iran is not an ICC member, so a case needs a Security Council referral that Russia and China would veto. No court has jurisdiction over any of it"
 }
]