Constitution of Bangladesh

The constitution of Bangladesh is the supreme law in Bangladesh .

The Constitution of Bangladesh ( Bangla : , Bangladesh Shongbidhan ) is the supreme law of Bangladesh . It declares Bangladesh as a sovereign popular republic and lays down the framework defining fundamental political principles, establishing the structure, procedures, powers and duties, of the government and spells out the fundamental rights of citizens. Passed by the Constituent Assembly of Bangladesh on November 4, 1972, it came into effect from December 16, 1972, the day commemorated as Victory Day in the country, marking the defeat of the Pakistan Army in the Bangladesh Liberation War . The constitution declares Bangladesh to be a unitary , independent and sovereign Republic , founded on a popular struggle for national liberation, which will be known as the People's Republic of Bangladesh. It pledges nationalism , secularity , democracy and socialism as the fundamental principles defining the Republic and declares the pursuit of a society that ensures its citizens- the rule of law, fundamental human rights and freedoms as well as equality and justice, political, economic and social. When enacted in 1972, the Constitution of Bangladesh was hailed by international jurists and legal historians and as one of the most progressive and democratic constitutions in modern history and one that inspired progressive political aspirations among third world countries and populations struggling for self-determination . However, amendments during socialist one party and military rule in Bangladesh, radically altered the secular and liberal democratic nature of the constitution. In August, 2005, the Bangladesh High Court passed a landmark judgement that declared constitutional amendments during military rule as illegal and unconstitutional, and hence nullified. After several legal protests, the Bangladesh Supreme Court , in January, 2010, ultimately announced that the historic verdict of the High Court will be upheld.

The Constitution of Bangladesh ( Bangladesher Shongbidhan ) is the supreme law of the People's Republic of Bangladesh . It was adopted on November 4, 1972. The constitution establishes a unitary state and a Westminster form of unicameral parliamentary democracy . It was originally written in English and was not translated into Bengali until 1987. Bangladesh's Constitution and all laws are now in both English and Bengali. The document's original drafters, notably Dr. Kamal Hossain , have called for major reforms to bring it in line with the 21st-century.

The Constitution of the People's Republic of Bangladesh is the constitutional document of Bangladesh. It was adopted on 4 November, 1972 and effective from 16 December, 1972. It provides the framework of the Bangladeshi republic with a parliamentary government, fundamental human rights and freedoms, an independent judiciary, democratic local government and a national bureaucracy. The constitution includes references to socialism , Islam , secular democracy and the Bengali language . It commits Bangladesh to “contribute to international peace and co-operation in keeping with the progressive aspirations of mankind”. The constitution has several controversial elements like Article 70 . Judicial precedent is enshrined in Bangladesh's constitution under Article 111, which makes Bangladesh an integral part of the common law world. Judicial review is also supported by the constitution.

Supreme law of Bangladesh Bangladeshi English The Constitution of Bangladesh ( — Bangladesher Sambidhāna ), officially the Constitution of the People's Republic of Bangladesh ( — Gaṇaprajātantrī Bangladesher Sambidhāna ) is the supreme law of Bangladesh . The document provides the framework that demarcates the Bangladeshi republic with a unitary , parliamentary democracy , that enshrines fundamental human rights and freedoms , an independent judiciary , democratic local government and a national bureaucracy . The four fundamental principles of the Constitution are nationalism , socialism , democracy and secularism . The Constitution endeavors to create a socialist society in which the rule of law , fundamental human rights and freedom , equality and justice , political, economic and social , is secured for all its citizens. It commits Bangladesh to "contribute to international peace and co-operation in keeping with the progressive aspirations of mankind". It invokes constitutional supremacy, as opposed to legislative supremacy since it was created by a constituent assembly not Parliament and was adopted by the people of Bangladesh in its preamble. Parliament cannot quash parts of the Constitution . Judicial precedent is enshrined in Bangladesh's Constitution under Article 111, which makes Bangladesh an integral part of the common law world. Judicial review is also supported by the Constitution. It was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of Bangladesh on 4 November 1972 and became effective on 16 December 1972. The Constitution replaced the Proclamation of Independence as the country's fundamental instrument of government. The Constitution became effective on Bangladesh's Victory Day , precisely one year after the signing of the Instrument of Surrender . The constitution has been amended 17 times since its adoption, a two-thirds supermajority is required in the Jatiya Sangsad to secure a constitutional amendment.