Abdul Qadeer Khan

Abdul Qadeer Khan , HI , NI (twice) ( Urdu : عبدالقدیر خان ); born April 27, 1936), known as Dr. Khan , is a Pakistani nuclear scientist and a metallurgical engineer , widely regarded as the founder of gas-centrifuge enrichment technology for Pakistan's nuclear detterent program . A founder of the gas-centrifuge -based uranium enrichment program of Pakistan , dr. Khan is known in much of the world for his involvement in acquiring critical nuclear technology designs and using them to build Pakistan's gas-centrifuge program. His middle name is occasionally rendered as Quadeer , Qadeer or Gaudeer , and his given names are usually abbreviated to A.Q. In interviews from May through July 2008, Khan recanted his previous confession of his involvement with Iran and North Korea. He said ex-president Pervez Musharraf forced him to be a "scapegoat" for the "national interest." Khan accuses the Pakistan Army and ex-President Musharraf of proliferating nuclear arms. He said centrifuges were sent from Pakistan in a North Korean plane loaded under the supervision of Pakistani security officials. He also said that he had traveled to North Korea in 1999 with a Pakistani Army general to buy shoulder-launched missiles from the government there. Islamabad High Court on February 6, 2009 declared Khan as a free citizen of Pakistan with freedom of movement inside the country. The verdict was rendered by Chief Justice Sardar Muhammad Aslam . .

Abdul Qadeer Khan , NI , HI , FPAS / ˌ ɑː b ˈ d ʊ l k ɑː d ɪər k ɑː n / ( ; b. 1 April 1936), also known by some in Pakistan as Mohsin-e-Pakistan ( , lit. " Benefactor of Pakistan "), more popularly known as A. Khan , is a Pakistani nuclear physicist and a metallurgical engineer , colloquially regarded as the founder of HEU based Gas-centrifuge uranium enrichment program for Pakistan's integrated atomic bomb project . He founded and established the Kahuta Research Laboratories (KRL) in 1976, being both its senior scientist and the Director-General until his retirement in 2001, and he was an early and vital figure in other science projects . Apart from participating in Pakistan's atomic bomb project , he made major contributions in molecular morphology , physical martensite , and its integrated applications in condensed and material physics . Abdul Qadeer Khan was one of Pakistan's top scientists, and was involved in the country's various scientific programs until his dismissal. In January 2004, Khan was officially summoned for a debriefing on his suspicious activities in other countries after the United States provided evidence to the Pakistan Government , and confessed it a month later. Some have alleged that these activities were sanctioned by the authorities, though the Pakistan government sharply dismissed the claims. After years of official house arrest, the Islamabad High Court (IHC) on 6 February 2009 declared Abdul Qadeer Khan to be a free citizen of Pakistan, allowing him free movement inside the country. The verdict was rendered by Chief Justice Sardar Muhammad Aslam . In September 2009, expressing concerns over the Islamabad High Court 's decision to end all security restrictions on Khan, the United States warned that Khan still remains a "serious proliferation risk". The Atlantic. 4 February 2004 . (IISS), International Institute for Strategic Studies (2006). International Institute for Strategic Studies .

Pakistani nuclear scientist ( Learn how and when to remove this message ) Abdul Qadeer Khan ( / ˈ ɑː b d əl ˈ k ɑː d ɪər ˈ k ɑː n / ; ; born 1 April 1936 ) NI , HI , FPAS , DEng , known as A. Khan , is a Pakistani nuclear physicist and metallurgist who is colloquially known as the "father of uranium enrichment project" for his nation's clandestine atomic bomb program — though he was only part of a team who developed the technology. In public circles, Khan is known both for his scientific ability and for his difficult interpersonal relations and volatile personality. An émigré from India who migrated to Pakistan in 1951, Khan was educated in Western Europe 's technical universities in metallurgical engineering where he pioneered studies in phase transitions of metallic alloys , uranium metallurgy , and isotope separation based on gas centrifuges . After learning of India 's ' Smiling Buddha ' nuclear test in 1974, Khan joined his nation's clandestine efforts to develop atomic weapons when he founded the Khan Research Laboratories (KRL) in 1976, and was both its chief scientist and director for many years. In January of 2004, Khan was subjected to a controversial debriefing by the Musharraf administration over the evidence of nuclear proliferation handed over by the Bush administration of the United States . Khan admitted his role in running the atomic ring –only to retract his statements in later years when he leveled accusations at the former administration of Pakistan's Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto in 1990. After years of house arrest, Khan successfully filed a lawsuit against the Federal Government of Pakistan at the Islamabad High Court whose verdict declared his debriefing unconstitutional and freed him on 6 February 2009. The United States reacted negatively over the verdict, rendered by Chief Justice Muhammad Aslam , when the Obama administration issued an official statement warning that Khan still remained a "serious proliferation risk". The Atlantic. 4 February 2004 . The New York Times . Khan Is Freed From House Arrest" . There are <ref group=note> tags on this page, but the references will not show without a template (see the help page ).

Pakistani nuclear engineer (1936–2021) For the cricketer named Abdul Qadeer Khan, see Abdul Qadir (cricketer) . Abdul Qadeer Khan , NI , HI , FPAS ( / ˈ ɑː b d əl ˈ k ɑː d ɪər ˈ k ɑː n / AHB -dəl KAH -deer KAHN ; ; 1 April 1936 – 10 October 2021), known as A. Khan , was a Pakistani nuclear physicist and metallurgical engineer who is colloquially known as the "father of Pakistan's atomic weapons program ". An émigré ( Muhajir ) from India who migrated to Pakistan in 1952, Khan was educated in the metallurgical engineering departments of Western European technical universities where he pioneered studies in phase transitions of metallic alloys , uranium metallurgy , and isotope separation based on gas centrifuges . After learning of India's " Smiling Buddha " nuclear test in 1974, Khan joined his nation's clandestine efforts to develop atomic weapons when he founded the Khan Research Laboratories (KRL) in 1976 and was both its chief scientist and director for many years. In January 2004, Khan was subjected to a debriefing by the Musharraf administration over evidence of nuclear proliferation handed to them by the Bush administration of the United States. Khan admitted his role in running a nuclear proliferation network – only to retract his statements in later years when he leveled accusations at the former administration of Pakistan's Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto in 1990, and also directed allegations at President Musharraf over the controversy in 2008. Khan was accused of selling nuclear secrets illegally and was put under house arrest in 2004. After years of house arrest, Khan successfully filed a lawsuit against the Federal Government of Pakistan at the Islamabad High Court whose verdict declared his debriefing unconstitutional and freed him on 6 February 2009. The United States reacted negatively to the verdict and the Obama administration issued an official statement warning that Khan still remained a "serious proliferation risk". After his death on 10 October 2021, he was given a state funeral at Faisal Mosque before being buried at the H-8 graveyard in Islamabad . The New York Times . Pakistan in the Brink . Pakistan in the Brink . Khan Is Freed From House Arrest" . There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or templates on this page, but the references will not show without a template or template (see the help page ).

Pakistani nuclear physicist (1936–2021) For the cricketer named Abdul Qadeer Khan, see Abdul Qadir (cricketer) . Abdul Qadeer Khan NI , HI , FPAS (1 April 1936 – 10 October 2021) was a Pakistani nuclear physicist and metallurgical engineer . He is colloquially known as the "father of Pakistan's atomic weapons program ". A Muhajir emigrant from India who migrated to Pakistan in 1952, Khan was educated in the metallurgical engineering departments of Western European technical universities where he pioneered studies in phase transitions of metallic alloys , uranium metallurgy , and isotope separation based on gas centrifuges . After learning of India's " Smiling Buddha " nuclear test in 1974, Khan joined his nation's clandestine efforts to develop atomic weapons when he founded the Khan Research Laboratories (KRL) in 1976 and was both its chief scientist and director for many years. In January 2004, Khan was subjected to a debriefing by the Musharraf administration over evidence of nuclear proliferation network selling to Iran , North Korea , Libya , and others, handed to them by the Bush administration of the United States. Khan admitted his role in running this network – only to retract his statements in later years when he leveled accusations at the former administration of Pakistan's Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto in 1990, and also directed allegations at President Musharraf over the controversy in 2008. Khan was accused of selling nuclear secrets illegally and was put under house arrest in 2004. After years of house arrest, Khan successfully filed a lawsuit against the Federal Government of Pakistan at the Islamabad High Court whose verdict declared his debriefing unconstitutional and freed him on 6 February 2009. The United States reacted negatively to the verdict and the Obama administration issued an official statement warning that Khan still remained a "serious proliferation risk". On account of the knowledge of nuclear espionage by Khan and his contribution to nuclear proliferation throughout the world post 1970s, and the renewed fear of weapons of mass destruction in the hands of terrorists after the September 11 attacks , former CIA Director George Tenet described Khan as "at least as dangerous as Osama bin Laden ". After his death on 10 October 2021, he was given a state funeral at Faisal Mosque before being buried at the H-8 graveyard in Islamabad . The New York Times . Pakistan in the Brink . Pakistan in the Brink . Khan Is Freed From House Arrest" . "AQ Khan: The most dangerous man in the world?" . 10 October 2021 . There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or templates on this page, but the references will not show without a template or template (see the help page ).