Wikipedia's first sentence called it “french businessman of russian ashkenazi jewish descent”. Today it says “french and israeli businessman”.
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Machine-checked against the full current article on 2026-08-03.
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The opening as it read in 2025
Alexandre "Sacha" Gaydamak ( Hebrew : אלכסנדר "סשה" גאידמק ; born May 1976 in France) is a French and Israeli businessman. A member of the wealthy Gaydamak family, he is the only son of Arcadi Gaydamak . In January 2006 he announced that he was following his father into association football club ownership by becoming co-owner of English Premier League club Portsmouth F.C. with Milan Mandarić . His father was the owner of Israeli side Beitar Jerusalem . In July 2006 Alexandre Gaydamak became the sole owner of Portsmouth, although Mandarić remained at the club as non-executive chairman until later that year. Gaydamak owns a Luxembourg -based company, Belvia SARL and a British Virgin Islands company, Devondale Investments, which owned Portsmouth F.C. On 21 July 2009, Gaydamak agreed to sell Portsmouth F.C. to Sulaiman Al Fahim in principle, and therefore stepped down from the board. He remained the owner of the club until the details of the sale had been finalised on 8 June 2009. Gaydamak has been alleged to have asset stripped Portsmouth F.C. before this sale and yet still retains a claim, said to be £32,000,000, against the club as a creditor despite the huge debts at the club. Investigations into these allegations are ongoing. On 22 October 2010, Gaydamak's business acumen was called into question after it was reported that he was demanding a payment of an alleged £2.5 million from his former club Portsmouth. It seems that he was unsure that his unpaid debt would be repaid. The case was made more embarrassing after Portsmouth F.C. had received confirmation several times from Gaydamak himself that the terms were agreed and that he was a secured creditor meaning that not only would be paid in full, but he would also be paid before many unsecured creditors who are set to only receive 20% of any debt. Sky Sports . : CS1 maint: deprecated archival service ( link ) "Portsmouth's chief Alexandre Gaydamak nets fortune in arms sale" . "Pompey creditors are offered 20p in the pound" . portsmouth.co.uk . 6 May 2010.
This is Wikipedia's own text, saved in our repository. Their copy of it is revision 1290650921.
The opening as it stood in 2010
Alexandre "Sacha" Gaydamak (Russian: Александр Гайдамак , , born May 1976 in France) is a French businessman of Russian Ashkenazi Jewish descent, and also holds an Israeli passport. A member of the wealthy Gaydamak family, he is the son of Arcadi Gaydamak . In January 2006 he announced he was following his father into association football club ownership by becoming co-owner of English Premier League club Portsmouth F.C. with Milan Mandarić . His father is the owner of Israeli side Beitar Jerusalem . In July 2006 Alexandre Gaydamak became the sole owner of Portsmouth, although Mandaric remained at the club as non-executive chairman until later that year. Gaydamak owns a Luxembourg based company, Belvia S.a.r.l. and a British Virgin Islands company, Devondale Investments, which owned Portsmouth F.C. On 21 July 2009, Gaydamak agreed to sell Portsmouth F.C. to Sulaiman Al Fahim in principle, and therefore stepped down from the board. He remained the owner of the club until the details of the sale had been finalised on 8 June 2009. Gaydamak has been alleged to have asset stripped Portsmouth F.C. prior to this sale and yet still retains a claim, said to be £32,000,000 , against the club as a creditor despite the huge debts at the provincial club. Investigations into these allegations are ongoing. The current whereabouts of Gaydamak are unknown; several supporters' groups have called on Gaydamak to come forward and answer these allegations but no response has been received.
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 370694851.
The opening as it stood in 2015 2 passages from the previous snapshot no longer appear
Alexandre "Sacha" Gaydamak ( , born May 1976 in France) is a French and Israeli businessman. A member of the wealthy Gaydamak family, he is the son of Arcadi Gaydamak . In January 2006 he announced that he was following his father into association football club ownership by becoming co-owner of English Premier League club Portsmouth F.C. with Milan Mandarić . His father is the owner of Israeli side Beitar Jerusalem . In July 2006 Alexandre Gaydamak became the sole owner of Portsmouth, although Mandaric remained at the club as non-executive chairman until later that year. Gaydamak owns a Luxembourg -based company, Belvia S.a.r.l. and a British Virgin Islands company, Devondale Investments, which owned Portsmouth F.C. On 21 July 2009, Gaydamak agreed to sell Portsmouth F.C. to Sulaiman Al Fahim in principle, and therefore stepped down from the board. He remained the owner of the club until the details of the sale had been finalised on 8 June 2009. Gaydamak has been alleged to have asset stripped Portsmouth F.C. before this sale and yet still retains a claim, said to be £32,000,000, against the club as a creditor despite the huge debts at the club. Investigations into these allegations are ongoing. On 22 October 2010 Gaydamak's business acumen came into question after reports of him demanding a payment from his former club Portsmouth for an apparent £2.5million.It seems that he was unsure that his unpaid debt would be repaid.The case was made more embarrassing after Portsmouth F.C had received confirmation several times from Gaydamak himself that the terms were agreed and that he was a secured creditor meaning that not only would be paid in full, but he would also be paid before many unsecured creditors who are set to only receive 20% of any debt.London: The Times . 19 October 2008.London: The Times . 10 August 2009 ."Frustrated Portsmouth are not about to go under" . guardian.co.uk . 23 October 2010."Pompey creditors are offered 20p in the pound" . portsmouth.co.uk . 6 May 2010.
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 658794199.
The opening as it stood in 2020
Alexandre "Sacha" Gaydamak ( , born May 1976 in France) is a French and Israeli businessman. A member of the wealthy Gaydamak family, he is the only son of Arcadi Gaydamak . In January 2006 he announced that he was following his father into association football club ownership by becoming co-owner of English Premier League club Portsmouth F.C. with Milan Mandarić . His father was the owner of Israeli side Beitar Jerusalem . In July 2006 Alexandre Gaydamak became the sole owner of Portsmouth, although Mandarić remained at the club as non-executive chairman until later that year. Gaydamak owns a Luxembourg -based company, Belvia SARL and a British Virgin Islands company, Devondale Investments, which owned Portsmouth F.C. On 21 July 2009, Gaydamak agreed to sell Portsmouth F.C. to Sulaiman Al Fahim in principle, and therefore stepped down from the board. He remained the owner of the club until the details of the sale had been finalised on 8 June 2009. Gaydamak has been alleged to have asset stripped Portsmouth F.C. before this sale and yet still retains a claim, said to be £32,000,000, against the club as a creditor despite the huge debts at the club. Investigations into these allegations are ongoing. On 22 October 2010 Gaydamak's business acumen came into question after reports of him demanding a payment from his former club Portsmouth for an apparent £2.5million. It seems that he was unsure that his unpaid debt would be repaid. The case was made more embarrassing after Portsmouth F.C had received confirmation several times from Gaydamak himself that the terms were agreed and that he was a secured creditor meaning that not only would be paid in full, but he would also be paid before many unsecured creditors who are set to only receive 20% of any debt. London: The Times . 19 October 2008. London: The Times . 10 August 2009 . "Frustrated Portsmouth are not about to go under" . guardian.co.uk . 23 October 2010. "Pompey creditors are offered 20p in the pound" . portsmouth.co.uk . 6 May 2010.
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 915122053.
The opening as it stood on October 6, 2023 4 passages from the previous snapshot no longer appear
French and Israeli businessman Alexandre "Sacha" Gaydamak ( , born May 1976 in France) is a French and Israeli businessman. A member of the wealthy Gaydamak family, he is the only son of Arcadi Gaydamak . In January 2006 he announced that he was following his father into association football club ownership by becoming co-owner of English Premier League club Portsmouth F.C. with Milan Mandarić . His father was the owner of Israeli side Beitar Jerusalem . In July 2006 Alexandre Gaydamak became the sole owner of Portsmouth, although Mandarić remained at the club as non-executive chairman until later that year. Gaydamak owns a Luxembourg -based company, Belvia SARL and a British Virgin Islands company, Devondale Investments, which owned Portsmouth F.C. On 21 July 2009, Gaydamak agreed to sell Portsmouth F.C. to Sulaiman Al Fahim in principle, and therefore stepped down from the board. He remained the owner of the club until the details of the sale had been finalised on 8 June 2009. Gaydamak has been alleged to have asset stripped Portsmouth F.C. before this sale and yet still retains a claim, said to be £32,000,000, against the club as a creditor despite the huge debts at the club. Investigations into these allegations are ongoing. On 22 October 2010, Gaydamak's business acumen was called into question after it was reported that he was demanding a payment of an alleged £2.5 million from his former club Portsmouth. It seems that he was unsure that his unpaid debt would be repaid. The case was made more embarrassing after Portsmouth F.C. had received confirmation several times from Gaydamak himself that the terms were agreed and that he was a secured creditor meaning that not only would be paid in full, but he would also be paid before many unsecured creditors who are set to only receive 20% of any debt. "Pompey creditors are offered 20p in the pound" . portsmouth.co.uk . 6 May 2010.
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 1146028836.
Today
Wikipedia's first sentence called it “french businessman of russian ashkenazi jewish descent”. Today it says “french and israeli businessman”. Read the current article and compare.
2010
2015
2020
Oct '23
2025
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What Wikipedia says this is
Every article opens by defining its subject. This one was redefined since 2010, and today's defining sentence is their current revision.
Then
french businessman of russian ashkenazi jewish descent
Now
french and israeli businessman
Struck red text is no longer in the article; dotted amber text was rewritten. Every revision id links to Wikipedia's copy; the text shown is our own saved copy. Data: /data. Wikipedia text is CC BY-SA; quoted for the record; not affiliated with Wikipedia.