Did Wikipedia remove the word "refugee" from the Battle of Ayn al-Warda article?

Yes. "refugee" appeared 1 times in this article's opening at its peak. Today the opening has none; the body has 1. We saved the article's opening paragraph at 4 moments between 2015 and 2025, and the counts come from those saved copies.

When did the Battle of Ayn al-Warda article stop using the word "refugee"?

The word appeared 1 times in the opening at its peak in 2015. It is absent from today's opening, the part search engines quote and AI systems train on, checked against the live article on 2026-08-02.

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What did Wikipedia remove from the Battle of Ayn al-Warda article?

The opening as it read in 2015

Battle of 'Ayn al-Warda was fought in early January 685 between the Umayyad army and the group known as the "Penitents" (Ar. The Penitents were a group of pro- Alid Kufans , led by a certain Sulayman ibn Surad, who wished to atone for their failure to assist Husayn ibn Ali in his uprising against the Umayyads, which condemned him to death at the Battle of Karbala in 680.¹ With the outbreak of the Second Islamic Civil War and the collapse of Umayyad authority across Iraq in 683/684, Sulayman ibn Surad began in November 684 to call upon his fellow Kufans to avenge their failure. Although some 16,000 pledged themselves to support him, only some 4,000 showed up at Nukhayla, a suburb of Kufa their mustering place. Undeterred, they moved up the Euphrates towards the Jazira . At Qarqisiya , the Qaysi refugees from the Battle of Marj Rahit aided them with supplies and advice but refused to join them, seeing no hope in their endeavour. The Penitents pressed on to 'Ayn al-Warda (identified with Ra's al-'Ayn ), where they met an Umayyad army of 20,000 under Husayn ibn Numayr . The battle lasted for three days, although the Penitents held the upper hand in a first skirmish, over the next two days the numerical superiority of the Umayyad army began to prevail. Finally, Suleman bin Surad was killed and the Penitents were surrounded and almost annihilated. Rifa bin Shaddad, advised the survivors to return, and brought them to Qarqisiya after getting defeat. The small number of Penitents who survived the battle of Ayn al-Warda, went over to Mukhtar. These Kufans, who formed the backbone of Mukhtar's movement, called themselves Shiat al-Mahdi, Shiat al-Haqq or Shiat al-Muhammad.²

This is Wikipedia's own text, saved in our repository. Their copy of it is revision 587729575.

The opening as it stood in 2020 10 passages from the previous snapshot no longer appear

The Battle of Ayn al-Warda ( ) was fought in early January 685 between the Umayyad army and the Penitents ( Tawwabun ). The Penitents were a group of pro- Alid Kufans led by Sulayman ibn Surad , a companion of Muhammad , who wished to atone for their failure to assist Husayn ibn Ali in his abortive uprising against the Umayyads in 680. Pro-Alid Kufans had urged Husayn to revolt against the Umayyad caliph Yazid but then failed to assist him when he was killed in the Battle of Karbala in 680. Initially a small underground movement, the Penitents received widespread support in Iraq after the death of Yazid in 683. They were deserted by most of their supporters shortly before the departure to northern Syria where a large Umayyad army under the command of Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad was preparing to launch an assault on Iraq. In the three-day long battle that ensued at Ras al-'Ayn , the small Penitent army was annihilated and its senior leaders, including Ibn Surad, were killed. Nevertheless, this battle proved to be a forerunner and source of motivation for the later more successful movement of Mukhtar al-Thaqafi . There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or templates on this page, but the references will not show without a template or template (see the help page ).

Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 956551458.

The opening as it stood on October 6, 2023

Battle in 685 between the Umayyad army and the Penitents Belligerents Umayyad Caliphate Penitents (Pro- Alids ) Commanders and leaders Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad Husayn ibn Numayr al-Sakuni Shurahbil ibn Dhi'l Kala' al-Himyari Sulayman ibn Surad al-Khuza'i † Rifa'a ibn Shaddad Strength 20,000 3,000 Location within modern Syria The Battle of Ayn al-Warda ( ) was fought in early January 685 between the Umayyad army and the Penitents ( Tawwabin ). The Penitents were a group of pro- Alid Kufans led by Sulayman ibn Surad , a companion of Muhammad , who wished to atone for their failure to assist Husayn ibn Ali in his abortive uprising against the Umayyads in 680. Pro-Alid Kufans had urged Husayn to revolt against the Umayyad caliph Yazid but then failed to assist him when he was killed in the Battle of Karbala in 680. Initially a small underground movement, the Penitents received widespread support in Iraq after the death of Yazid in 683. They were deserted by most of their supporters shortly before the departure to northern Syria where a large Umayyad army under the command of Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad was preparing to launch an assault on Iraq. In the three-day long battle that ensued at Ras al-Ayn , the small Penitent army was annihilated and its senior leaders, including Ibn Surad, were killed. Nevertheless, this battle proved to be a forerunner and source of motivation for the later more successful movement of Mukhtar al-Thaqafi . There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or templates on this page, but the references will not show without a template or template (see the help page ).

Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 1129517429.

The opening as it stood in 2025

Battle in 685 between the Umayyad army and the Penitents Belligerents Umayyad Caliphate Penitents (Pro- Alids ) Commanders and leaders Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad Husayn ibn Numayr al-Sakuni Shurahbil ibn Dhi'l Kala' al-Himyari Sulayman ibn Surad al-Khuza'i † Rifa'a ibn Shaddad Strength 20,000 3,000 Location within modern Syria The Battle of Ayn al-Warda ( Arabic : مَعْرَكَة‌ عَيْن ٱلْوَرْدَة ) was fought in early January 685 between the Umayyad army and the Penitents ( Tawwabin ). The Penitents were a group of pro- Alid Kufans led by Sulayman ibn Surad , a companion of Muhammad , who wished to atone for their failure to assist Husayn ibn Ali in his abortive uprising against the Umayyads in 680. Pro-Alid Kufans had urged Husayn to revolt against the Umayyad caliph Yazid but then failed to assist him when he was killed in the Battle of Karbala in 680. Initially a small underground movement, the Penitents received widespread support in Iraq after the death of Yazid in 683. They were deserted by most of their supporters shortly before the departure to northern Syria where a large Umayyad army under the command of Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad was preparing to launch an assault on Iraq. In the three-day long battle that ensued at Ras al-Ayn , the small Penitent army was annihilated and its senior leaders, including Ibn Surad, were killed. Nevertheless, this battle proved to be a forerunner and source of motivation for the later more successful movement of Mukhtar al-Thaqafi . There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or templates on this page, but the references will not show without a template or template (see the help page ).

Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 1291163048. This is our newest snapshot; the live article may have moved again since.