Wikipedia's first sentence called it “american jewish scholar and the rabbi of tikvat israel messianic synagogue in richmond”. Today it says “american scholar and director of messianic jewish studies at the king's university”.
Measured, not asserted. Every count, date and revision on this page was taken from Wikipedia's own history and checked against the live article. The words quoted are theirs.
Machine-checked against the full current article on 2026-08-03.
We saved snapshots of this article over twenty years; you are reading the 2025 one. Red dashes: removed from Wikipedia since.Pale dots: rewritten; the numbered note shows what it says now.Red text: written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot.1 tap a number or a side note to jump between them
The opening as it read in 2025
David J. Rudolph (born 1967) is an American scholar and Director of Messianic Jewish Studies at The King's University , who has written books and articles on the New Testament , Second Temple Judaism , Messianic Jews , intermarriage , and Jewish-Christian relations . A Jew to the Jews: Jewish Contours of Pauline Flexibility in 1 Corinthians 9:19-23 won the 2007 Franz Delitzsch Prize from the Freie Theologische Akademie. Rudolph is also a lecturer in New Testament at Messianic Jewish Theological Institute ’s School of Jewish Studies and a fellow at the MJTI Center for Jewish-Christian Relations.
This is Wikipedia's own text, saved in our repository. Their copy of it is revision 1250211022.
The opening as it stood in 2015
Rudolph (born 1967) is an American Jewish scholar and the rabbi of Tikvat Israel Messianic Synagogue in Richmond, Virginia , who has written books and articles on the New Testament , Second Temple Judaism , Messianic Jews , intermarriage , and Jewish-Christian relations . A Jew to the Jews: Jewish Contours of Pauline Flexibility in 1 Corinthians 9:19-23 won the 2007 Franz Delitzsch Prize from the Freie Theologische Akademie. Rudolph is a lecturer in New Testament at Messianic Jewish Theological Institute’s School of Jewish Studies in Los Angeles and a fellow at the MJTI Center for Jewish-Christian Relations.
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 638645742.
The opening as it stood in 2020
Rudolph (born 1967) is an American scholar and Director of Messianic Jewish Studies at The King's University , who has written books and articles on the New Testament , Second Temple Judaism , Messianic Jews , intermarriage , and Jewish-Christian relations . A Jew to the Jews: Jewish Contours of Pauline Flexibility in 1 Corinthians 9:19-23 won the 2007 Franz Delitzsch Prize from the Freie Theologische Akademie. Rudolph is also a lecturer in New Testament at Messianic Jewish Theological Institute’s School of Jewish Studies and a fellow at the MJTI Center for Jewish-Christian Relations.
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 956598431.
The opening as it stood on October 6, 2023
American religious scholar and messianic leader David J. Rudolph (born 1967) is an American scholar and Director of Messianic Jewish Studies at The King's University , who has written books and articles on the New Testament , Second Temple Judaism , Messianic Jews , intermarriage , and Jewish-Christian relations . A Jew to the Jews: Jewish Contours of Pauline Flexibility in 1 Corinthians 9:19-23 won the 2007 Franz Delitzsch Prize from the Freie Theologische Akademie. Rudolph is also a lecturer in New Testament at Messianic Jewish Theological Institute ’s School of Jewish Studies and a fellow at the MJTI Center for Jewish-Christian Relations.
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 1160379787.
Today
Wikipedia's first sentence called it “american jewish scholar and the rabbi of tikvat israel messianic synagogue in richmond”. Today it says “american scholar and director of messianic jewish studies at the king's university”. Read the current article and compare.
2015
2020
Oct '23
2025
Counts in the opening at each snapshot. Green: the word gained ground. Red: it was cut. Grey: no change.
What Wikipedia says this is
Every article opens by defining its subject. This one was redefined since 2015, and today's defining sentence is their current revision.
Then
american jewish scholar and the rabbi of tikvat israel messianic synagogue in richmond
Now
american scholar and director of messianic jewish studies at the king's university
Struck red text is no longer in the article; dotted amber text was rewritten. Every revision id links to Wikipedia's copy; the text shown is our own saved copy. Data: /data. Wikipedia text is CC BY-SA; quoted for the record; not affiliated with Wikipedia.
