Emirate of Transjordan

Corresponding geographically to today's Kingdom of Jordan , the Emirate of Transjordan was an autonomous political subdivision of the British Mandate of Palestine , split off in April 1921 . It remained a legal part of Palestine, under the nominal auspices of the League of Nations , until its independence in 1946 . "Transjordan" was a word coined to express the idea that the lands so described were "across the Jordan", i.e. on the far (eastern) side of the Jordan River . On the western side of the Jordan River was Palestine which contained many places of historical and religious signifance to Judaism , Christianity , and Islam . "Transjordan" was also known as "Eastern Palestine". Under the Ottoman empire , Transjordan did not correspond precisely to a political division, though most of it belonged to the Vilayet of Syria and a small southern section came from the Vilayet of Hejaz . The inhabitants of northern Jordan had traditionally associated with Syria, those of southern Jordan with the Arabian Peninsula, and those of western Jordan with the administrative districts west of the Jordan River. Historically the territory had formed part of various empires; among these are the Jewish , Assyrian , Achaemenid , Macedonian ( Seleucid ), Nabataean , Ptolemaic , Roman , Sassanid , Muslim , Crusader , and Ottoman empires. The territory covered by Transjordan resulted from a compromise between the competing promises in the Hussein-McMahon Correspondence and Sykes-Picot Agreement . Previously a part of the territory covered by the planned League of Nations mandate for Palestine , Transjordan was created as a separate administrative entity on April 11 , 1921 to provide a throne of sorts (albeit one under British control) for the Hashemite Emir Abdullah , elder son of Britain's wartime Arab ally Sharif Hussein of Mecca. The move also excluded the land east of the Jordan from Britain's wartime undertaking in the Balfour Declaration ( 2 November 1917 ) to support the creation of a Jewish national home in Palestine. Britain recognized Transjordan as a state on May 15 , 1923 and gradually relinquished control, limiting its oversight to financial, military and foreign policy matters. In March 1946 , under the Treaty of London , Transjordan became a kingdom and on May 25 , 1946 , the parliament of Transjordan proclaimed the emir king, and formally changed the name of the country from the Emirate of Transjordan to the Hashemite Kingdom of Transjordan . In December 1948, Abdullah took the title King of Jordan, and he officially changed the country's name to the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan in April 1949. The following year he annexed the West Bank. With the exception of the French Cisjordanie , the coinage, Cisjordan , meant to apply specifically to the West Bank at that time, has not since caught on, outside Jordanian circles.

Today part of Jordan Saudi Arabia In 1965, Jordan and Saudi Arabia exchanged some territory The Emirate of Transjordan ( Imārat Sharq al-Urdun ), also hyphenated as Trans-Jordan and previously known as Transjordania or Trans-Jordania , was a British protectorate established in April, 1921. The Hashemite dynasty ruled the protectorate, as well as the neighbouring Mandatory Iraq , following the Cairo Conference . The territory was officially under the British Mandate for Palestine , but it had a fully autonomous governing system from Mandatory Palestine . On 25 May 1946, the Emirate became the "Hashemite Kingdom of Transjordan", achieving full independence on 17 June 1946 when the in accordance with the Treaty of London ratifications were exchanged in Amman. In 1949 the country's official name was changed to the "Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan".

The Emirate of Transjordan ( Imārat Sharq al-Urdun lit. "Emirate of east Jordan"), officially known as the Amirate of Trans-Jordan , was a British protectorate established on 11 April 1921. After the Ottoman defeat in World War I, the Transjordan region was administered within OETA East ; after British withdrawal this became the Hashemite-ruled Arab Kingdom of Syria . Transjordan became a no man's land following the July 1920 Battle of Maysalun , during which period the British in neighbouring Mandatory Palestine chose to avoid "any definite connection between it and Palestine". Abdullah entered the region in November 1920 , moving to Amman on 2 March 1921; later in the month a conference was held with the British during which it was agreed that Abdullah bin Hussein would administer the territory under the auspices of the British Mandate for Palestine with a fully autonomous governing system. The Hashemite dynasty ruled the protectorate, as well as the neighbouring Mandatory Iraq and, until 1925, the Kingdom of Hejaz to the South. On 25 May 1946, the emirate became the "Hashemite Kingdom of Transjordan", achieving full independence on 17 June 1946 when in accordance with the Treaty of London ratifications were exchanged in Amman. In 1949, it was constitutionally renamed the "Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan", commonly referred to as Jordan . The Modern History of Jordan . Perspectives on Arabic Linguistics XXVI: Papers from the annual symposium on Arabic Linguistics. Politically, Transjordan was no-man's-land where the British, the French, Faysal's emissaries, Palestinian nationalists and even Turks were all active in... Lord Curzon in August 1921: "His Majesty's Government are already treating 'Trans-Jordania' as separate from the Damascus State, while at the same time avoiding any definite connection between it and Palestine, thus leaving the way open for the establishment there, should it become advisable, of some form of independent Arab government, perhaps by arrangement with King Hussein or other Arab chiefs concerned.": quote from: Empires of the sand: the struggle for mastery in the Middle East, 1789–1923, By Efraim Karsh, Inari Karsh

British protectorate, 1921–1946; predecessor to the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan This article is about the 1921–1946 British protectorate. Today part of Jordan Saudi Arabia Iraq In 1965, Jordan and Saudi Arabia exchanged some territory . The Emirate of Transjordan ( ), officially known as the Amirate of Trans-Jordan , was a British protectorate established on 11 April 1921, which remained as such until achieving formal independence in 1946. After the Ottoman defeat in World War I, the Transjordan region was administered within OETA East ; after the British withdrawal in 1919, this region gained de facto recognition as part of the Hashemite-ruled Arab Kingdom of Syria , administering an area broadly comprising the areas of the modern countries of Syria and Jordan . Transjordan became a no man's land following the July 1920 Battle of Maysalun , during which period the British in neighbouring Mandatory Palestine chose to avoid "any definite connection between it and Palestine". Abdullah entered the region in November 1920 , moving to Amman on 2 March 1921; later in the month a conference was held with the British during which it was agreed that Abdullah bin Hussein would administer the territory under the auspices of the British Mandate for Palestine with a fully autonomous governing system. The Hashemite dynasty ruled the protectorate, as well as the neighbouring Mandatory Iraq and, until 1925, the Kingdom of Hejaz to the south. On 25 May 1946, the emirate became the "Hashemite Kingdom of Transjordan", achieving full independence on 17 June 1946 when in accordance with the Treaty of London ratifications were exchanged in Amman. In 1949, after annexing the West Bank in Palestine, and "uniting" both banks of the Jordan river, it was constitutionally renamed the "Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan", commonly referred to as Jordan . Perspectives on Arabic Linguistics XXVI: Papers from the annual symposium on Arabic Linguistics. Politically, Transjordan was no-man's-land where the British, the French, Faysal's emissaries, Palestinian nationalists and even Turks were all active in...

British protectorate, 1921–1946; predecessor to the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan This article is about the 1921–1946 British protectorate. Today part of Jordan Saudi Arabia Iraq The Emirate of Transjordan ( Arabic : إمارة شرق الأردن , romanized : Imārat Sharq al-Urdun , lit. ' the emirate east of the Jordan ' ), officially the Amirate of Trans-Jordan , was a British protectorate established on 11 April 1921, which remained as such until achieving formal independence from Britain as the Kingdom of Transjordan in 1946. After the Ottoman defeat in World War I, the Transjordan region was administered within OETA East ; after the British withdrawal in 1919, this region gained de facto recognition as part of the Hashemite-ruled Arab Kingdom of Syria , administering an area broadly comprising the areas of the modern countries of Syria and Jordan . Transjordan became a no man's land following the July 1920 Battle of Maysalun , during which period the British in neighbouring Mandatory Palestine chose to avoid "any definite connection between it and Palestine". Abdullah entered the region in November 1920 , moving to Amman on 2 March 1921; later in the month a conference was held with the British during which it was agreed that Abdullah bin Hussein would administer the territory under the auspices of the British Mandate for Palestine with a fully autonomous governing system. The Hashemite dynasty ruled the protectorate, as well as the neighbouring Mandatory Iraq and, until 1925, the Kingdom of Hejaz to the south. On 25 May 1946, the emirate became the "Hashemite Kingdom of Transjordan", achieving full independence on 17 June 1946 when in accordance with the Treaty of London ratifications were exchanged in Amman. In 1949, after annexing the West Bank in Palestine, and "uniting" both banks of the Jordan river, it was constitutionally renamed the "Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan", commonly referred to as Jordan . Perspectives on Arabic Linguistics XXVI: Papers from the annual symposium on Arabic Linguistics. Politically, Transjordan was no-man's-land where the British, the French, Faysal's emissaries, Palestinian nationalists and even Turks were all active in...