The word “terror” appeared 1 times in this article's opening at its peak in 2005. Today the opening carries none. 1 remains further down the article, where a reader arriving from a search result does not go.
Measured, not asserted. Every count, date and revision on this page was taken from Wikipedia's own history and checked against the live article. The words quoted are theirs.
Machine-checked against the full current article on 2026-08-02. “terror” appeared 1 times in this article's opening at its peak. Today the opening has none; the body has 1.
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The opening as it read in 2005
Hanan Ashrawi Hanan Ashrawi (born 8 October 1946 ) is a Palestinian Anglican scholar who is well-known as a Palestinian spokesperson. In both her scholarly work as well as her political activism, she was a protege and later colleague and close friend of Edward Said . Ashrawi was born in Ramallah , on the West Bank , Palestine . Her father was a founder of the Palestine Liberation Organization .1Ashrawi received her Bachelor and Master's degrees in literature in the Department of English at the American University of Beirut .2She obtained a Ph.D. in Medieval and Comparative Literature from the University of Virginia , Charlottesville .3Ashrawi returned to her homeland in 1973 to establish the Department of English at Birzeit University on the West Bank, just as the university was transforming itself from a two-year college to a four-year institution of higher learning. She served as Chair of that department from 1973 to 1978, and again from 1981 through 1984; and from 1986-1990 she served the university as Dean of the Faculty of Arts. She remained a faculty member at Birzeit University until 1995, publishing numerous poems, short stories, and papers and articles on Palestinian culture, literature, and politics including Anthology of Palestinian Literature (ed). Ashrawi's political activism in the Palestinian Territories began almost as early as her academic career at Birzeit. In 1974, while the university was suffering intermittent closures by the Israeli military, she founded the Birzeit University Legal Aid Committee/Human Rights Action Project. Her political work took a greater leap in 1988 during the Intifada uprising, when she joined the Intifada Political Committee, serving as well on its Diplomatic Committee until 1993. From 1991 through 1993 she served as the official spokesperson of the Palestinian Delegation to the Middle East peace process and a member of the Leadership/Guidance Committee and executive committee of the delegation. From 1993 to 1995, with the signing of the peace accords by Yasser Arafat and Yitzhak Rabin , Palestinian self-rule was established, and Ashrawi headed the Preparatory Committee of the Palestinian Independent Commission for Citizens' Rights in Jerusalem. Ashrawi has also served since 1996 as an elected member of the Palestinian Legislative Council, Jerusalem District. In 1996 Ashrawi was appointed the Palestinian Authority Minister of Higher Education and Research, but she resigned the post in 1998 in protest against political corruption, specifically Arafat's handling of peace talks.4In 1998, Ashrawi founded MIFTAH -- the Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy, an itiative which works towards respect for human rights, democracy and peace.5MIFTAH reflects Ashrawi's wish to end the Israeli occupation on humanitarian, rather than historical or ideological, grounds. In 2003 Ashrawi was awarded the Sydney Peace Prize , although creating controversy in the process amongst conservative Israelis, who decried the selection of Ashrawi, claiming she was a mouthpiece for terrorists.6
This is Wikipedia's own text, saved in our repository. Their copy of it is revision 16541903.
The opening as it stood in 2010 17 passages from the previous snapshot no longer appear
October 8, 1946) is a Palestinian Christian legislator, activist, and scholar.She was a protégé and later colleague and close friend of Edward Said .Ashrawi was an important leader during the First Intifada , served as the official spokesperson for the Palestinian Delegation to the Middle East peace process, and has been elected numerous times to the Palestinian Legislative Council .Ashrawi is a member of Palestinian Prime Minister Salam Fayyad 's Third Way party.Ashrawi serves on the Advisory Board of several international and local organizations including the World Bank Middle East and North Africa (MENA), United Nations Research Institute for Social Development (UNRISD) and the International Human Rights Council.She received her bachelor's and master's degrees in literature in the Department of English at the American University of Beirut . Ashrawi also has a Ph.D. in Medieval and Comparative Literature from the University of Virginia .
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The opening as it stood in 2015
Hanan Daoud Khalil Ashrawi ( ; born October 8, 1946) is a Palestinian legislator, activist, and scholar.She was a protégée and later colleague and close friend of Edward Said . Ashrawi was an important leader during the First Intifada , served as the official spokesperson for the Palestinian Delegation to the Middle East peace process, and has been elected numerous times to the Palestinian Legislative Council . Ashrawi is a member of Palestinian Prime Minister Salam Fayyad 's Third Way party. She is the first woman elected to the Palestinian National Council . Ashrawi serves on the Advisory Board of several international and local organizations including the World Bank Middle East and North Africa ( MENA ), United Nations Research Institute for Social Development ( UNRISD ) and the International Human Rights Council. She received her bachelor's and master's degrees in literature in the Department of English at the American University of Beirut . Ashrawi also earned a Ph.D. in Medieval and Comparative Literature from the University of Virginia .
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 663809210.
The opening as it stood in 2020 6 passages from the previous snapshot no longer appear
Palestinian legislator/activist/scholar Hanan Daoud Mikhael Ashrawi ( ; born October 8, 1946) is a Palestinian leader, legislator, activist, and scholar who served as a member of the Leadership Committee and as an official spokesperson of the Palestinian delegation to the Middle East peace process, beginning with the Madrid Peace Conference of 1991 .Prior to that, she was Dean of the Faculty of Arts at Birzeit University and head of its Legal Aid Committee since the mid-1970s.Ashrawi was elected to the Palestinian Legislative Council representing Jerusalem in 1996, and she was re-elected for the “ Third Way ” bloc ticket in 2006.Making history as the first woman to hold a seat in the highest executive body in Palestine, she was elected as member of the Executive Committee of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) in 2009 and in 2018.As a civil society activist, she founded the Independent Commission for Human Rights in 1994 and served as its Commissioner-General until 1995.In 1998, she also founded MIFTAH, the Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy and continues to serve as head of its Board of Directors.In 1999, Ashrawi founded the National Coalition for Accountability and Integrity (AMAN).Ashrawi serves on the advisory and international boards of several global, regional and local organizations dealing with a variety of issues including human rights, women’s rights, policy formation, peacemaking, and nation-building.Ashrawi is the recipient of numerous awards from all over the world, including the distinguished French decoration, “ d'Officier de l'Ordre National de la Légion d'Honneur” in 2006; the 2005 Mahatma Gandhi International Award for Peace and Reconciliation ; the 2003 Sydney Peace Prize ; the 2002 Olof Palme Prize ; the 1999 International Women of Hope “Bread and Roses”; the Defender of Democracy Award – Parliamentarians for Global Action; the 50 Women of the Century; the 1996 Jane Addams International Women’s Leadership Award; the Pearl S.She is the author of several books, articles, poems and short stories on Palestinian politics, culture and literature.Her book This Side of Peace (Simon & Schuster, 1995) earned worldwide recognition.Ashrawi received both Bachelor of Arts and Master of Arts degrees from the American University of Beirut and a Doctor of Philosophy degree in Medieval and Comparative Literature from the University of Virginia in the United States.Moreover, she is the recipient of eleven honorary doctorates from universities in the U.S., Canada, Europe, and the Arab world.She is married to Emile Ashrawi and has two daughters, Amal and Zeina.Coalition for Accountability and Integrity - AMAN .
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The opening as it stood on October 6, 2023 5 passages from the previous snapshot no longer appear
Palestinian legislator, activist, and scholar (born 1946) Hanan Daoud Mikhael Ashrawi ( ; born 8 October 1946) is a Palestinian politician, activist, and scholar.Ashrawi began her career at Birzeit University .Beginning in the 1990s, Ashrawi was a member of the PLO's Leadership Committee, serving as the official spokesperson of the Palestinian delegation during the Madrid Peace Conference of 1991 .Ashrawi was elected to the Palestinian Legislative Council representing Jerusalem in 1996 and was re-elected in 2006.She was elected as member of the Executive Committee of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) in 2009 and 2018, becoming the body's first female member.She resigned in 2020. As a civil society activist, she founded the Independent Commission for Human Rights in 1994 and served as its Commissioner-General until 1995. In 1998, she also founded MIFTAH, the Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy and continues to serve as head of its board of directors. In 1999, Ashrawi founded the National Coalition for Accountability and Integrity (AMAN). Ashrawi is the recipient of numerous awards from all over the world, including the French decoration, “ d'Officier de l'Ordre National de la Légion d'Honneur” in 2006; the 2005 Mahatma Gandhi International Award for Peace and Reconciliation ; the 2003 Sydney Peace Prize ; the 2002 Olof Palme Prize ; the 1999 International Women of Hope “Bread and Roses”; the Defender of Democracy Award – Parliamentarians for Global Action; the 50 Women of the Century; the 1996 Jane Addams International Women’s Leadership Award; the Pearl S. She is the author of several books, articles, poems and short stories on Palestinian politics, culture and literature. Her book This Side of Peace (Simon & Schuster, 1995) earned worldwide recognition. Moreover, she is the recipient of eleven honorary doctorates from universities in the U.S., Canada, Europe, and the Arab world. Coalition for Accountability and Integrity - AMAN . This Side of Peace .
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 1176607642.
The opening as it stood in 2025 2 passages from the previous snapshot no longer appear
Palestinian legislator, activist, and scholar (born 1946) Hanan Daoud Mikhael Ashrawi ( Arabic : حنان داوود مخايل عشراوي ; born 8 October 1946) is a Palestinian politician, activist, and scholar. Ashrawi began her career at Birzeit University . Beginning in the 1990s, Ashrawi was a member of the PLO's Leadership Committee, serving as the official spokesperson of the Palestinian delegation during the Madrid Peace Conference of 1991 . Ashrawi was elected to the Palestinian Legislative Council representing Jerusalem in 1996 and was re-elected in 2006. She was elected as member of the Executive Committee of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) in 2009 and 2018, becoming the body's first female member. She resigned in 2020. As a civil society activist, she founded the Independent Commission for Human Rights in 1994 and served as its Commissioner-General until 1995. In 1998, she also founded MIFTAH, the Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy, and she continues to serve as head of its board of directors. In 1999, Ashrawi founded the National Coalition for Accountability and Integrity (AMAN). She is the author of several books, articles, poems and short stories on Palestinian politics, culture and literature. Her book This Side of Peace (Simon & Schuster, 1995) earned worldwide recognition. This Side of Peace .
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Today
“terror” appeared 1 times in this article's opening at its peak. Today the opening has none; the body has 1. Read the current article and compare.
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terror
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Counts in the opening at each snapshot. Green: the word gained ground. Red: it was cut. Grey: no change.
What Wikipedia says this is
Every article opens by defining its subject. This one was redefined between 2005 and 2025.
Then
palestinian anglican scholar who is well-known as a palestinian spokesperson
Now
palestinian politician
Struck red text is no longer in the article; dotted amber text was rewritten. Every revision id links to Wikipedia's copy; the text shown is our own saved copy. Data: /data. Wikipedia text is CC BY-SA; quoted for the record; not affiliated with Wikipedia.
