Wikipedia's first sentence called it “spanish rabbi”. Today it says “rabbi of al-andalus”. The one-line description Wikipedia serves to search engines and AI systems read “11th-century Spanish rabbi”. It now reads “Andalusian rabbi (d. 1014/1024)”.
Measured, not asserted. Every count, date and revision on this page was taken from Wikipedia's own history and checked against the live article. The words quoted are theirs.
Machine-checked against the full current article on 2026-08-03.
We saved snapshots of this article over twenty years; you are reading the 2020 one. Red dashes: removed from Wikipedia since.Pale dots: rewritten; the numbered note shows what it says now.Red text: written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot.1 tap a number or a side note to jump between them
The opening as it read in 2020
Hanoch ben Moses (Hebrew: רבנו חנוך ב"ר משה) (d. 1014 CE or 1024 CE) was a Spanish rabbi .1 Almost all of the information we have about him comes from the Sefer ha-Qabbalah by R. Along with his parents, R. Moses ben Hanoch and his wife (name unknown), R. Hanoch was captured by the Moorish pirate Ibn Rumahis and brought to Cordova . Hanoch eventually succeeded his father as rabbi and Rosh Yeshivah there, although for a time he faced opposition by R. Joseph ibn Abitur and by the latter's patron, Yaakov ibn Jo, the lay leader of the Jewish community of the Caliphate of Cordoba . So highly respected was R. Hanoch by everyone that even his bitter adversary Ibn Abitur (who has been exiled because of the ban issued by R. Hanoch on the latter) couldn't help but express his admiration for him, "I bring the heavens and earth as my witnesses that there is none equal to R. Hanoch, from Spain to the academies of Babylon." His best-known student was R. Ibn Daud reports that relations between R. Hai Gaon were strained, since the increasing stature of the Spanish yeshivot led to a lessening of their communities' financial contributions to the Talmudic Academies in Babylonia . Hanoch seems to have corresponded only rarely with the Babylonian Geonim . Hai demonstrated his respect for R. Hanoch, by honoring his excommunication of Ibn Abitur and refusing the latter an audience. Hanoch left no written works, although there are some extant responsa between him and Rav Hai Gaon , as well as between him and the then-Gaon in the Land of Israel , Rav Shmuel ha-Kohen. He died of injuries following a fall, when the bimah in the Cordova synagogue collapsed on Simchat Torah . Ibn Daud dates this incident to 4775 (1014 CE), but also states that it was thirteen years before the death of Rav Hai Gaon in 4798, so that the correct reading should be 4785 (1024 CE).2
This is Wikipedia's own text, saved in our repository. Their copy of it is revision 931334463.
The opening as it stood in 2010
Hanoch ben Moses (Hebrew: רבנו חנוך ב"ר משה) (d. 1014 or 1024) was a Spanish rabbi . Almost all of the information we have about him comes from Sefer ha-Qabbalah by R. Along with his parents, R. Moses ben Hanoch and his wife (name unknown), R. Hanoch was captured by the Moorish pirate Ibn Rumahis and brought to Cordova . Hanoch eventually succeeded his father as Rabbi and Rosh Yeshivah there, although for a time he faced opposition by R. Joseph ibn Abitur and by the latter's patron, Yaakov ibn Jo, the lay leader of the Jewish community of the Caliphate of Cordoba . His best-known student was R. Ibn Daud reports that relations between R. Hai Gaon were strained, since the increasing stature of the Spanish yeshivot led to a lessening of their communities' financial contributions to the Talmudic Academies in Babylonia . Hanoch seems to have corresponded only rarely with the Babylonian Geonim . Hai demonstrated his respect for R. Hanoch, by honoring his excommunication of Ibn Abitur and refusing the latter an audience. Hanoch left no written works, although there are some extant responsa between him and R. Hai, as well as between him and the then Gaon in the Land of Israel , R. He died of injuries following a fall, when the bimah in the Cordova synagogue collapsed on Simchat Torah . Ibn Daud dates this incident to 4775 (1014), but also states that it was thirteen years before the death of R. Hai in 4798, so that the correct reading should be 4785 (1024).
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 345831918.
The opening as it stood in 2015
Hanoch ben Moses (Hebrew: רבנו חנוך ב"ר משה) (d. 1014 CE or 1024 CE) was a Spanish rabbi .Almost all of the information we have about him comes from the Sefer ha-Qabbalah by R. Along with his parents, R. Moses ben Hanoch and his wife (name unknown), R. Hanoch was captured by the Moorish pirate Ibn Rumahis and brought to Cordova . Hanoch eventually succeeded his father as rabbi and Rosh Yeshivah there, although for a time he faced opposition by R. Joseph ibn Abitur and by the latter's patron, Yaakov ibn Jo, the lay leader of the Jewish community of the Caliphate of Cordoba . His best-known student was R. Ibn Daud reports that relations between R. Hai Gaon were strained, since the increasing stature of the Spanish yeshivot led to a lessening of their communities' financial contributions to the Talmudic Academies in Babylonia . Hanoch seems to have corresponded only rarely with the Babylonian Geonim . Hai demonstrated his respect for R. Hanoch, by honoring his excommunication of Ibn Abitur and refusing the latter an audience. Hanoch left no written works, although there are some extant responsa between him and Rav Hai Gaon , as well as between him and the then-Gaon in the Land of Israel , Rav Shmuel ha-Kohen. He died of injuries following a fall, when the bimah in the Cordova synagogue collapsed on Simchat Torah . Ibn Daud dates this incident to 4775 (1014 CE), but also states that it was thirteen years before the death of Rav Hai Gaon in 4798, so that the correct reading should be 4785 (1024 CE).
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 603649165.
The opening as it stood on October 6, 2023 1 passage from the previous snapshot no longer appear
11th-century Spanish rabbi Not to be confused with Moses ben Hanoch .Hanoch bar Moses ( , died 1014 CE or 1024 CE) was a rabbi of al-Andalus . Almost all of the information we have about him comes from the Sefer ha-Qabbalah by Abraham ibn Daud . Along with his parents, Moses ben Hanoch and his wife (name unknown), Hanoch was captured by the Moorish pirate ibn Rumahis and brought to Cordova .Hanoch eventually succeeded his father as rabbi and rosh yeshiva there, although for a time he faced opposition by Joseph ibn Abitur and by the latter's patron, Jacob ibn Jau , the lay leader of the Jewish community of the Caliphate of Cordoba . So highly respected was Hanoch by everyone that even his bitter adversary ibn Abitur (who has been exiled because of the ban issued by R. Hanoch on the latter) couldn't help but express his admiration for him, "I bring the heavens and earth as my witnesses that there is none equal to R. Hanoch, from Spain to the academies of Babylon." His best-known student was Samuel ibn Naghrela . Ibn Daud reports that relations between Hanoch and Hai ben Sherira were strained since the increasing stature of the Spanish yeshivot led to a lessening of their communities' financial contributions to the Talmudic academies in Babylonia . Indeed, Hanoch seems to have corresponded only rarely with the Babylonian geonim . However, Hai demonstrated his respect for Hanoch by honoring his excommunion of Joseph ibn Abitur and refusing the latter an audience. Hanoch left no written works, although there are some extant responsa between him and Hai, as well as between him and the then-gaon in the Land of Israel , Samuel ben Hofni . He died of injuries following a fall when the bimah in the Córdoba Synagogue collapsed on Simchat Torah . Ibn Daud dates this incident to 4775 (1014 CE) but also states that it was thirteen years before the death of Hai in 4798, so the correct reading should be 4785 (1024 CE).
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 1172969058.
The opening as it stood in 2025 11 passages from the previous snapshot no longer appear
Andalusian rabbi (d. 1014/1024) Not to be confused with Moses ben Hanoch .Hanoch bar Moses ( Hebrew : חנוך ב"ר משה , romanized : Ḥənokh bar Moshe , died 1014 CE or 1024 CE) was a rabbi of al-Andalus . Almost all of the information we have about him comes from the Sefer ha-Qabbalah by Abraham ibn Daud .
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 1293053831. This is our newest snapshot; the live article may have moved again since.
Today
Wikipedia's first sentence called it “spanish rabbi”. Today it says “rabbi of al-andalus”. The one-line description Wikipedia serves to search engines and AI systems read “11th-century Spanish rabbi”. It now reads “Andalusian rabbi (d. 1014/1024)”. Read the current article and compare.
2010
2015
2020
Oct '23
2025
Counts in the opening at each snapshot. Green: the word gained ground. Red: it was cut. Grey: no change.
What Wikipedia says this is
Every article opens by defining its subject. This one was redefined since 2010, and today's defining sentence is their current revision.
Then
spanish rabbi
Now
rabbi of al-andalus
Struck red text is no longer in the article; dotted amber text was rewritten. Every revision id links to Wikipedia's copy; the text shown is our own saved copy. Data: /data. Wikipedia text is CC BY-SA; quoted for the record; not affiliated with Wikipedia.