How has Wikipedia's Jeshurun article changed?

Wikipedia's first sentence called it "poetic name for israel". Today it says "poetic name for israel used in the bible". We saved the article's opening at 5 moments between 2015 and 2025, and every claim links the exact revision.

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How Wikipedia rewrote the Jeshurun article

The opening as it read in 2015

Jeshurun ( ), in the Hebrew Bible , is a poetic name for Israel , derived from a root word meaning upright, just or straight.¹ Jeshurun appears four times in the Hebrew Bible — three times in Deuteronomy and once in Isaiah . It can mean the people of Israel ( Deut. 32:15; 33:26 ), the Land of Israel ( Deut. 33:5; ), or the Patriarch Jacob (whom an Angel renamed Israel in Genesis 32:29 ): 'But Jeshurun grew fat and kicked; you grew fat, you grew thick' 'Moses commanded a law for us, a heritage of the congregation of Jacob. He was King in Jeshurun, when the leaders of the people were gathered, all the tribes of Israel together'. 'There is no one like the God of Jeshurun, who rides the heavens to help you'. ‘Fear not, O Jacob My servant, and thou, Jeshurun, whom I have chosen'. In the Midrash , Rabbi Berekiah in the name of Rabbi Simon interpreted Jeshurun to mean the Patriarch Israel. ( Genesis Rabbah 77:1.) The word 'Jeshurun' may have a relationship to the same root as the Hebrew word “upright,” “ yesharim ”. Numbers appears to use the word “upright,” “ yesharim ,” as a play on the word “Jeshurun” to refer to the people of Israel. ( Num. 23:10. ) Similarly, Rabbi Berekiah in the name of Rabbi Judah b. Rabbi Simon interpreted Jeshurun to mean “the noblest and best among you.” (Genesis Rabbah 77:1.) Rabbi Aha bar Jacob told that the breastplate of the High Priest (or Kohen Gadol) contained the words “The tribes of Jeshurun,” thus supplying the otherwise missing Hebrew letter tet in the word “tribes.” (Babylonian Talmud Yoma 73b; see also Exodus Rabbah 38:9.) In the Zohar , Rabbi Hiya explains that “Jeshurun suggests the word shur [row, side] and indicates that he [Jacob] has his rank on this side and on the other." (Zohar 1:177b.) In the Chassidic discourses of the Baal Shem Tov and his students, it is suggested that the word Yeshurun comes from the root "shir", meaning song or ring, suggesting the circular nature of melodies, i.e. that Jacob's descendants will sing mystical melodies in the coming redemption.²

This is Wikipedia's own text, saved in our repository. Their copy of it is revision 662983521.

The opening as it stood in 2010

Jeshurun , in the Hebrew Bible , is a poetic name for Israel . Derived from root word meaning upright, just, straight. Describes Israel when it does not stray away from the high standards set by and upheled by God. (R'Hirsch)Jeshurun appears four times in the Hebrew Bible — three times in Deuteronomy and once in Isaiah . It can mean the people of Israel ( Deut. 32:15; 33:26 ), the Land of Israel ( Deut. 33:5; ), or the Patriarch Jacob (whom an Angel renamed Israel) ( Isa. 44:2 ). In the Midrash , Rabbi Berekiah in the name of Rabbi Simon interpreted Jeshurun to mean the Patriarch Israel. ( Genesis Rabbah 77:1.) The word Jeshurun may have a relationship to the same root as the Hebrew word “upright,” “ yesharim .” Numbers appears to use the word “upright,” “ yesharim ,” as a play on the word “Jeshurun” to refer to the people of Israel. ( Num. 23:10. ) Similarly, Rabbi Berekiah in the name of Rabbi Judah b. Rabbi Simon interpreted Jeshurun to mean “the noblest and best among you.” (Genesis Rabbah 77:1.) Rabbi Aha bar Jacob told that the breastplate of the High Priest (or Kohen Gadol) contained the words “The tribes of Jeshurun,” thus supplying the otherwise missing Hebrew letter tet in the word “tribes.” (Babylonian Talmud Yoma 73b; see also Exodus Rabbah 38:9.) In the Zohar , Rabbi Hiya explains that “Jeshurun suggests the word shur [row, side] and indicates that he [Jacob] has his rank on this side and on the other." (Zohar 1:177b.)

Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 364639480.

The opening as it stood in 2020 8 passages from the previous snapshot no longer appear

Jeshurun ( Yəšurūn ; also Jesurun or Yeshurun ) is a poetic name for Israel used in the Hebrew Bible . It is generally thought to be derived from a root word meaning upright, just or straight, but may have been derived from שׁור, shur, to see, or may be a diminutive form of the word Israel (יִשְׂרָאֵל‬ Yiśrāʾēl ). King James Version at Isaiah 44:2 only, otherwise Jeshurun

Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 921740949.

The opening as it stood on October 6, 2023

Poetic name for Israel used in the Hebrew Bible Jeshurun ( Yəšurūn ; also Jesurun or Yeshurun ) is a poetic name for Israel used in the Tanakh or Hebrew Bible . It is generally thought to be derived from a root word meaning upright, just or straight, but may have been derived from שׁור , shur, to see, or may be a diminutive form of the word Israel (יִשְׂרָאֵל‬ Yiśrāʾēl ). King James Version at Isaiah 44:2 only, otherwise Jeshurun

Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 1136738844.

The opening as it stood in 2025 2 passages from the previous snapshot no longer appear

Poetic name for Israel used in the Hebrew Bible Jeshurun ( Hebrew : יְשֻׁרוּן Yəšurūn ) is a poetic name for Israel used in the Hebrew Bible .

Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 1281254248. This is our newest snapshot; the live article may have moved again since.

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