Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe

View from the memorial to the Tiergarten, Sep. 2007. Visitors walking among the steles. The memorial covered in snow, February 2009. The Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe ( ), also known as the Holocaust Memorial (German: Holocaust-Mahnmal ), is a memorial in Berlin to the Jewish victims of the Holocaust , designed by architect Peter Eisenman and engineer Buro Happold . It consists of a 19,000 square meter (4.7 acre) site covered with 2,711 concrete slabs or " stelae ", one for each page of the Talmud arranged in a grid pattern on a sloping field. The stelae are 2.38m (7.8') long, 0.95m (3' 1.5") wide and vary in height from 0.2 m to 4.8m (8" to 15'9"). According to Eisenman's project text, the stelae are designed to produce an uneasy, confusing atmosphere, and the whole sculpture aims to represent a supposedly ordered system that has lost touch with human reason. A 2005 copy of the Foundation for the Memorial's official English tourist pamphlet, however, states that the design represents a radical approach to the traditional concept of a memorial, partly because Eisenman did not use any symbolism. An attached underground "Place of Information" (German: Ort der Information ) holds the names of all known Jewish Holocaust victims, obtained from the Israeli museum Yad Vashem . Building began on April 1, 2003 and was finished on December 15, 2004. It was inaugurated on May 10, 2005, sixty years after the end of World War II, and opened to the public on May 12 of the same year. It is located one block south of the Brandenburg Gate , in the Friedrichstadt neighborhood. The cost of construction was approximately € 25 million. The memorial is controversial, and was described by Ignatz Bubis , the then leader of the German Jewish community, as unnecessary.

Visitors walking among the stelae The Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe ( ), also known as the Holocaust Memorial (German: Holocaust-Mahnmal ), is a memorial in Berlin to the Jewish victims of the Holocaust , designed by architect Peter Eisenman and engineer Buro Happold . It consists of a 19,000 m (4.7-acre) site covered with 2,711 concrete slabs or " stelae ", arranged in a grid pattern on a sloping field. The stelae are 2.38 m (7 ft 10 in) long, 0.95 m (3 ft 1 in) wide and vary in height from 0.2 to 4.8 m (7.9 in to 15 ft 9.0 in). They are organized in rows, 54 of them going north-south, and 87 heading east-west at right angles but set slightly askew. An attached underground "Place of Information" ( ) holds the names of all known Jewish Holocaust victims, obtained from the Israeli museum Yad Vashem . Building began on April 1, 2003 and was finished on December 15, 2004. It was inaugurated on May 10, 2005, sixty years after the end of World War II , and opened to the public two days later. It is located one block south of the Brandenburg Gate , in the Friedrichstadt neighborhood. The cost of construction was approximately € 25 million. Title as given in the official leaflet: Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe and Information Centre by Der Beauftragte der Bundesregierung für Kultur und Medien .

View of the memorial Between the stelae The Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe ( ), also known as the Holocaust Memorial (German: Holocaust-Mahnmal ), is a memorial in Berlin to the Jewish victims of the Holocaust , designed by architect Peter Eisenman and engineer Buro Happold . It consists of a 19,000-square-metre (200,000 sq ft) site covered with 2,711 concrete slabs or " stelae ", arranged in a grid pattern on a sloping field. The original plan was to place nearly 4,000 slabs, but before the unveiling a new law was passed mandating memorials to be wheelchair accessible. After the recalculation, the number of slabs that could legally fit into the designated areas was 2,711. The stelae are 2.38 metres (7 ft 10 in) long, 0.95 metres (3 ft 1 in) wide and vary in height from 0.2 to 4.7 metres (7.9 in to 15 ft 5.0 in). They are organized in rows, 54 of them going north–south, and 87 heading east–west at right angles but set slightly askew. An attached underground "Place of Information" ( ) holds the names of approximately 3 million Jewish Holocaust victims, obtained from the Israeli museum Yad Vashem . Building began on 1 April 2003, and was finished on 15 December 2004. It was inaugurated on 10 May 2005, sixty years after the end of World War II in Europe, and opened to the public two days later. It is located one block south of the Brandenburg Gate , in the Mitte neighborhood. The cost of construction was approximately € 25 million . Foundation Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe . Foundation Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe . Foundation Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe .

Memorial in Berlin, Germany Monument in Berlin, Germany The Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe ( ), also known as the Holocaust Memorial (German: Holocaust-Mahnmal ), is a memorial in Berlin to the Jewish victims of the Holocaust , designed by architect Peter Eisenman and Buro Happold . It consists of a 19,000-square-metre (200,000 sq ft) site covered with 2,711 concrete slabs or " stelae ", arranged in a grid pattern on a sloping field. The original plan was to place nearly 4,000 slabs, but after the recalculation, the number of slabs that could legally fit into the designated areas was 2,711. The stelae are 2.38 m (7 ft 9 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) long, 0.95 m (3 ft 1 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) wide and vary in height from 0.2 to 4.7 metres (8 in to 15 ft 5 in). They are organized in rows, 54 of them going north–south, and 87 heading east–west at right angles but set slightly askew. An attached underground "Place of Information" ( ) holds the names of approximately 3 million Jewish Holocaust victims, obtained from the Israeli museum Yad Vashem . Building began on 1 April 2003, and was finished on 15 December 2004. It was inaugurated on 10 May 2005, sixty years after the end of World War II in Europe, and opened to the public two days later. It is located one block south of the Brandenburg Gate , in the Mitte neighborhood. The cost of construction was approximately € 25 million . Foundation for the Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe . The Wall Street Journal . Foundation for the Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe . Foundation for the Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe .

Memorial in Berlin, Germany Monument in Berlin, Germany The Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe ( German : Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas , also known as the Holocaust Memorial German: Holocaust-Mahnmal ), is a memorial in Berlin to the Jewish victims of the Holocaust committed by Nazi Germany , designed by architect Peter Eisenman and Buro Happold . It consists of a 1.9-hectare (4.7-acre) site covered with 2,711 concrete slabs or " stelae ", arranged in a grid pattern on a sloping field. The original plan was to place nearly 4,000 slabs, but after the recalculation, the number of slabs that could legally fit into the designated areas was 2,711. The stelae are 2.38 m (7 ft 9 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) long, 0.95 m (3 ft 1 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) wide and vary in height from 0.2 to 4.7 metres (8 in to 15 ft 5 in). They are organized in rows, 54 of them going north–south, and 87 heading east–west at right angles but set slightly askew. An attached underground "Place of Information" ( German : Ort der Information ) holds the names of approximately 3 million Jewish Holocaust victims, obtained from the Israeli museum Yad Vashem . Building began on 1 April 2003, and was finished on 15 December 2004. It was inaugurated on 10 May 2005, 60 years after the end of World War II in Europe, and opened to the public two days later. It is located one block south of the Brandenburg Gate , in the Mitte neighbourhood. The cost of construction was approximately € 25 million . Foundation for the Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe . The Wall Street Journal . Foundation for the Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe . Foundation for the Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe .