Wikipedia's first sentence called it “mathematician and a physicist at princeton university working in the fields of mathematical physics”. Today it says “american-israeli mathematician and a physicist at princeton university”.
Measured, not asserted. Every count, date and revision on this page was taken from Wikipedia's own history and checked against the live article. The words quoted are theirs.
Machine-checked against the full current article on 2026-08-03.
We saved snapshots of this article over twenty years; you are reading the 2010 one. Red dashes: removed from Wikipedia since.Pale dots: rewritten; the numbered note shows what it says now.Red text: written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot.1 tap a number or a side note to jump between them
The opening as it read in 2010
Michael Aizenman is a mathematician and a physicist at Princeton University working in the fields of mathematical physics , statistical mechanics , functional analysis and probability theory . The highlights of his work include: the triviality of a class of scalar quantum field theories in more than four dimensions; a description of the phase transition in the Ising model in three and more dimensions; the sharpness of the phase transition in percolation theory ; a method for the study of spectral and dynamical localization for random Schrödinger operators; and insights concerning conformal invariance in two-dimensional percolation. Among them is the Norbert Wiener Prize (1990) of the Amer. Soc. and SIAM for "his outstanding contribution of original and non- perturbative mathematical methods in statistical mechanics by means of which he was able to solve several long open important problems concerning critical phenomena, phase transitions, and quantum field theory .", and the Dannie Heineman Prize in Mathematical Physics (2010), awarded by the APS and the AIP . He is also the recipient of the Brouwer Medal (2002) of the Dutch Math. Sc. , and of an honorary degree of the Université de Cergy-Pontoise (2009). He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences since 1997, and the editor-in-chief of the journal Communications in Mathematical Physics since 2001. Aizenman was an undergraduate at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem . He was awarded his PhD in 1975 at Yeshiva University (Belfer Graduate School of Science), New York , with advisor Joel Lebowitz . After postdoctoral appointments at the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences of New York University (1974–75), and Princeton University (1975–1977), with Elliott Lieb, he was appointed Assistant Professor at Princeton. In 1982 he moved to Rutgers University as Associate Professor and then full Professor. In 1987 he moved to the Courant Institute and in 1990 returned to Princeton as Professor of Mathematics and Physics.1
This is Wikipedia's own text, saved in our repository. Their copy of it is revision 369853675.
The opening as it stood in 2015 10 passages from the previous snapshot no longer appear
Michael Aizenman (born 28 August 1945 in Nizhny Tagil , Russia) is a mathematician and a physicist at Princeton University , working in the fields of mathematical physics , statistical mechanics , functional analysis and probability theory . The highlights of his work include: the triviality of a class of scalar quantum field theories in more than four dimensions; a description of the phase transition in the Ising model in three and more dimensions; the sharpness of the phase transition in percolation theory ; a method for the study of spectral and dynamical localization for random Schrödinger operators ; and insights concerning conformal invariance in two-dimensional percolation.
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 662364581.
The opening as it stood in 2020
American-Israeli mathematician Michael Aizenman (born 28 August 1945 in Nizhny Tagil , Russia) is an American-Israeli mathematician and a physicist at Princeton University , working in the fields of mathematical physics , statistical mechanics , functional analysis and probability theory . The highlights of his work include: the triviality of a class of scalar quantum field theories in more than four dimensions; a description of the phase transition in the Ising model in three and more dimensions; the sharpness of the phase transition in percolation theory ; a method for the study of spectral and dynamical localization for random Schrödinger operators ; and insights concerning conformal invariance in two-dimensional percolation.
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 953077822.
The opening as it stood on October 6, 2023
American-Israeli mathematician Michael Aizenman (born 28 August 1945 in Nizhny Tagil , Russia ) is an American-Israeli mathematician and a physicist at Princeton University , working in the fields of mathematical physics , statistical mechanics , functional analysis and probability theory . The highlights of his work include: the triviality of a class of scalar quantum field theories in more than four dimensions ; a description of the phase transition in the Ising model in three and more dimensions; the sharpness of the phase transition in percolation theory ; a method for the study of spectral and dynamical localization for random Schrödinger operators ; and insights concerning conformal invariance in two-dimensional percolation.
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 1168651435.
The opening as it stood in 2025
American-Israeli mathematician Michael Aizenman ( Hebrew : מיכאל אייזנמן ; born 28 August 1945) is an American-Israeli mathematician and a physicist at Princeton University , working in the fields of mathematical physics , statistical mechanics , functional analysis and probability theory . The highlights of his work include: the triviality of a class of scalar quantum field theories in more than three dimensions ; a description of the phase transition in the Ising model in three and more dimensions; the sharpness of the phase transition in percolation theory ; a method for the study of spectral and dynamical localization for random Schrödinger operators ; and insights concerning conformal invariance in two-dimensional percolation.
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 1277615232. This is our newest snapshot; the live article may have moved again since.
Today
Wikipedia's first sentence called it “mathematician and a physicist at princeton university working in the fields of mathematical physics”. Today it says “american-israeli mathematician and a physicist at princeton university”. Read the current article and compare.
2010
2015
2020
Oct '23
2025
Counts in the opening at each snapshot. Green: the word gained ground. Red: it was cut. Grey: no change.
What Wikipedia says this is
Every article opens by defining its subject. This one was redefined since 2010, and today's defining sentence is their current revision.
Then
mathematician and a physicist at princeton university working in the fields of mathematical physics
Now
american-israeli mathematician and a physicist at princeton university
Struck red text is no longer in the article; dotted amber text was rewritten. Every revision id links to Wikipedia's copy; the text shown is our own saved copy. Data: /data. Wikipedia text is CC BY-SA; quoted for the record; not affiliated with Wikipedia.
