Nahda

Several Arab political parties and movements have been named "al-Nahda": For the Tunisian political party, see Renaissance Party ; for the Algerian political party, see Islamic Renaissance Movement . Al-Nahda ( , also an-Nahda or el Nahda , Arabic for "awakening" or " renaissance ") was cultural renaissance that began in the late 19th century and early 20th century in Egypt , then later moving to Lebanon and other Arabic-speaking countries. It is often regarded as the Egyptian counterpart of the European Enlightenment era, and a period of intellectual modernization and reform. The Nahda is seen as connected to the cultural shock brought on by Napoleon 's invasion of Egypt in 1798, and the reformist drive of subsequent rulers such as Muhammad Ali . Another major influence and motive, were the 19th century tanzimat reforms of the Ottoman Empire , which ruled most of the Arabic-speaking world until the first world war. These reforms brought a constitutional order to Ottoman politics, and institutionalized politics, which in turn engendered a new political class. The Egyptian nahda was articulated in purely Egyptian terms, and its participants were mostly Egyptians , and Cairo was undoubtedly the geographical center of the movement. But al-Nahda was also felt in neighboring Arab capitals, notably Beirut and to a lesser extent Damascus . The shared language of Arabic-speaking nations ensured that the accomplishments of the movement could be quickly picked up by intellectuals in Arab countries.

Several Arab political parties and movements have been named "al-Nahda": For the Tunisian political party, see Ennahda Movement ; for the Algerian political party, see Islamic Renaissance Movement . Al-Nahda ( / ALA-LC : an-Nahḍah ; Arabic for "awakening" or " renaissance ") was a cultural renaissance that began in the late 19th and early 20th centuries in Egypt , then later moving to Ottoman -ruled Arabic-speaking regions including Lebanon , Syria and others. It is often regarded as a period of intellectual modernization and reform. In traditional scholarship, the Nahda is seen as connected to the cultural shock brought on by Napoleon 's invasion of Egypt in 1798, and the reformist drive of subsequent rulers such as Muhammad Ali . However, recent scholarship has shown that the Middle Eastern and North African Renaissance was a cultural reform program that was as "autogenetic" as it was Western inspired, linked to the Ottoman Tanzimat and internal changes in political economy and communal reformations in Egypt and Syro-Lebanon. The Egyptian nahda was articulated in purely Egyptian terms, and its participants were mostly Egyptians , and Cairo was undoubtedly the geographical center of the movement. But al-Nahda was also felt in neighboring Arab capitals, notably Beirut and Damascus . The shared language of Arabic-speaking nations ensured that the accomplishments of the movement could be quickly picked up by intellectuals in Arab countries. In the Ottoman -ruled Arabic regions, major influence and motive were the 19th century tanzimat reforms of the Ottoman Empire , which brought a constitutional order to Ottoman politics and engendered a new political class, and later the Young Turk Revolution which allowed proliferation of press and other publications. Stephen Sheehi , Foundations of Modern Arab Identity .

Cultural movement in the Arab world This article is about the Arab renaissance movement of the late 19th – early 20th century. The Nahda ( , meaning "the Awakening"), also referred to as the Arab Awakening or Enlightenment , was a cultural movement that flourished in Arab -populated regions of the Ottoman Empire , notably in Egypt , Lebanon , Syria , and Tunisia , during the second half of the 19th century and the early 20th century. In traditional scholarship, the Nahda is seen as connected to the cultural shock brought on by Napoleon 's invasion of Egypt in 1798, and the reformist drive of subsequent rulers such as Muhammad Ali of Egypt . However, more recent scholarship has shown the Nahda's cultural reform program to have been as "autogenetic" as it was Western-inspired, having been linked to the Tanzimat —the period of reform within the Ottoman Empire which brought a constitutional order to Ottoman politics and engendered a new political class—as well as the later Young Turk Revolution , allowing proliferation of the press and other publications and internal changes in political economy and communal reformations in Egypt and Syria and Lebanon. The renaissance itself started simultaneously in both Egypt and the Levant . Due to their differing backgrounds, the aspects that they focused on differed as well; with Egypt focused on the political aspects of the Islamic world while Greater Syria focused on the more cultural aspects. The concepts were not exclusive by region however, and this distinction blurred as the renaissance progressed. Thoughts and Ideologies of Mikhail Nu'aima, the Mahjar Poet in the development of Modern Arabic Poetry; A critical study .

Cultural movement in the Arab world This article is about the Arab renaissance movement of the late 19th – early 20th century. The Nahda ( Arabic : النّهضة , romanized : an-Nahḍa , meaning 'the Awakening'), also referred to as the Arab Awakening or Arab Enlightenment , was a cultural movement that flourished in Arab -populated regions of the Ottoman Empire , notably in Egypt , Lebanon , Syria , and Tunisia , during the second half of the 19th century and the early 20th century. In traditional scholarship, the Nahda is seen as connected to the cultural shock brought on by Napoleon 's invasion of Egypt in 1798, and the reformist drive of subsequent rulers such as Muhammad Ali of Egypt . However, more recent scholarship has shown the Nahda's cultural reform program to have been as "autogenetic" as it was Western-inspired, having been linked to the Tanzimat —the period of political reform within the Ottoman Empire which brought a constitutional order to Ottoman politics and engendered a new political class—as well as the later Young Turk Revolution , allowing proliferation of the press and other publications and internal changes in political economy and communal reformations in Egypt and Syria and Lebanon. The renaissance itself started simultaneously in both Egypt and the Levant . Due to their differing backgrounds, the aspects that they focused on differed as well; with Egypt focused on the political aspects of the Islamic world while the Levant focused on the more cultural aspects. The concepts were not exclusive by region however, and this distinction blurred as the renaissance progressed. Thoughts and Ideologies of Mikhail Nu'aima, the Mahjar Poet in the development of Modern Arabic Poetry; A critical study .