Wikipedia's first sentence called it “faculty member at the racah institute of physics of the hebrew university of jerusalem in israel”. Today it says “faculty member at the racah institute of physics of the hebrew university of jerusalem”. The one-line description Wikipedia serves to search engines and AI systems read “The Biham–Middleton–Levine traffic model , named after”. It now reads “Israeli physicist The Biham–Middleton–Levine traffic model , named after”.
Measured, not asserted. Every count, date and revision on this page was taken from Wikipedia's own history and checked against the live article. The words quoted are theirs.
Machine-checked against the full current article on 2026-08-03.
We saved snapshots of this article over twenty years; you are reading the October 6, 2023 one. Red dashes: removed from Wikipedia since.Pale dots: rewritten; the numbered note shows what it says now.Red text: written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot.1 tap a number or a side note to jump between them
The opening as it read in October 6, 2023
Ofer Biham, A. Alan Middleton , and Dov Levine. Ofer Biham ( ) is a faculty member at The Racah Institute of Physics of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in Israel. Biham received his Ph.D. for research on quasiperiodic systems at the Weizmann Institute of Science in 1988, under the supervision of David Mukamel . In later years, Biham was involved in the development of methods for the calculation of unstable periodic orbits in chaotic systems , models for efficient simulations of traffic flow and quantum computation . The focus of Biham's current research is on the development of computational methodologies for the simulation of stochastic processes in interstellar chemistry and in genetic networks . Biham is known for the Biham–Middleton–Levine traffic model which he formulated with A. It is possibly the simplest model containing phase transitions and self-organization . A . 46 (10). American Physical Society: R6124– R6127. arXiv : cond-mat/9206001 .1
This is Wikipedia's own text, saved in our repository. Their copy of it is revision 1098365953.
The opening as it stood in 2010
Ofer Biham is a faculty member at the Racah Institute of Physics of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in Israel. Biham received his Ph.D. for research on quasiperiodic systems at the Weizmann Institute of Science , under the supervision of Prof. In later years, Biham was involved in the development of methods for the calculation of unstable periodic orbits in chaotic systems , models for efficient simulations of traffic flow and quantum computation . The focus of Biham's current research is on the development of computational methodologies for the simulation of stochastic processes in interstellar chemistry and in genetic networks .
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 281187870.
The opening as it stood in 2015
Ofer Biham is a faculty member at The Racah Institute of Physics of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in Israel. Biham received his Ph.D. for research on quasiperiodic systems at the Weizmann Institute of Science , under the supervision of Prof. In later years, Biham was involved in the development of methods for the calculation of unstable periodic orbits in chaotic systems , models for efficient simulations of traffic flow and quantum computation . The focus of Biham's current research is on the development of computational methodologies for the simulation of stochastic processes in interstellar chemistry and in genetic networks . Biham is known for the Biham–Middleton–Levine traffic model , which is possibly the simplest model containing phase transitions and self-organization .
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 661990760.
The opening as it stood in 2020
Ofer Biham ( ) is a faculty member at The Racah Institute of Physics of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in Israel. Biham received his Ph.D. for research on quasiperiodic systems at the Weizmann Institute of Science in 1988, under the supervision of David Mukamel . In later years, Biham was involved in the development of methods for the calculation of unstable periodic orbits in chaotic systems , models for efficient simulations of traffic flow and quantum computation . The focus of Biham's current research is on the development of computational methodologies for the simulation of stochastic processes in interstellar chemistry and in genetic networks . Biham is known for the Biham–Middleton–Levine traffic model , which is possibly the simplest model containing phase transitions and self-organization .
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 946873318.
The opening as it stood in 2025 6 passages from the previous snapshot no longer appear
Israeli physicist The Biham–Middleton–Levine traffic model , named after Ofer Biham, A. Alan Middleton , and Dov Levine. Ofer Biham ( Hebrew : עופר ביהם ) is a faculty member at The Racah Institute of Physics of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem . Biham received his Ph.D. for research on quasiperiodic systems at the Weizmann Institute of Science in 1988, under the supervision of David Mukamel .
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 1293275902. This is our newest snapshot; the live article may have moved again since.
Today
Wikipedia's first sentence called it “faculty member at the racah institute of physics of the hebrew university of jerusalem in israel”. Today it says “faculty member at the racah institute of physics of the hebrew university of jerusalem”. The one-line description Wikipedia serves to search engines and AI systems read “The Biham–Middleton–Levine traffic model , named after”. It now reads “Israeli physicist The Biham–Middleton–Levine traffic model , named after”. Read the current article and compare.
2010
2015
2020
Oct '23
2025
Counts in the opening at each snapshot. Green: the word gained ground. Red: it was cut. Grey: no change.
What Wikipedia says this is
Every article opens by defining its subject. This one was redefined since 2010, and today's defining sentence is their current revision.
Then
faculty member at the racah institute of physics of the hebrew university of jerusalem in israel
Now
faculty member at the racah institute of physics of the hebrew university of jerusalem
Struck red text is no longer in the article; dotted amber text was rewritten. Every revision id links to Wikipedia's copy; the text shown is our own saved copy. Data: /data. Wikipedia text is CC BY-SA; quoted for the record; not affiliated with Wikipedia.
