Palestine (region)

An 1890 map of Palestine as described by medieval Arab geographers, with Jund Filastin administrative area Palestine ( , Palaistinē ; ; the Hebrew name Peleshet (פלשת Pəléshseth); also פלשׂתינה , Palestina ; [ Filasṭīn ] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup ( help ) , [ Falasṭīn ] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup ( help ) , [ Filisṭīn ] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup ( help ) ) is a conventional name used, among others, to describe a geographic region between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River , and various adjoining lands. As a geographic term, Palestine can refer to "ancient Palestine," an area that today includes Israel and the Israeli-occupied Palestinian territories , as well as part of Jordan , and some of both Lebanon and Syria . In classical or contemporary terms, it is also the common name for the area west of the Jordan River . The boundaries of two new states were laid down within the territory of the British Mandate , Palestine and Transjordan . Other terms for the same area include Canaan , Zion , the Land of Israel , and the Holy Land .

Boundaries of Roman Syria Palaestina , where dashed green line shows the boundary between Byzantine Palaestina Prima (later Jund Filastin ) and Palaestina Secunda (later Jund al-Urdunn ), as well as Palaestina Salutaris (later Jebel et-Tih and the Jifar) Borders of Mandatory Palestine Borders of the State of Palestine ( West Bank and Gaza Strip ) Palestine ( Filasṭīn , Falasṭīn , Filisṭīn ; , Palaistinē ; ; Hebrew : פלשתינה Palestina ) is a geographic region in Western Asia between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River . It is sometimes considered to include adjoining territories. The name was used by Ancient Greek writers, and was later used for the Roman province Syria Palaestina , the Byzantine Palaestina Prima , and the Umayyad and Abbasid province of Jund Filastin . The region is also known as the Land of Israel ( Hebrew : ארץ־ישראל Eretz-Yisra'el ), the Holy Land or Promised Land , and historically has been known as the Southern portion of wider regional designations such as Canaan , Syria , as-Sham , and the Levant . Situated at a strategic location between Egypt , Syria and Arabia , and the birthplace of Judaism and Christianity , the region has a long and tumultuous history as a crossroads for religion, culture, commerce, and politics. The region has been controlled by numerous peoples, including Ancient Egyptians , Canaanites , Israelites , Assyrians , Babylonians , Persians , Ancient Greeks , Romans , Byzantines , the Sunni Arab Caliphates , the Shia Fatimid Caliphate , Crusaders , Ayyubids , Mameluks , Mongols , Ottomans , the British , and modern Israelis and Palestinians . The boundaries of the region have changed throughout history. Today, the region comprises the State of Israel and Palestinian territories in which the State of Palestine was declared.

geographical region in the Middle East Boundaries of the Roman province Syria Palaestina , where dashed green line shows the boundary between Byzantine Palaestina Prima (later Jund Filastin ) and Palaestina Secunda (later Jund al-Urdunn ), as well as Palaestina Salutaris (later Jebel et-Tih and the Jifar) Borders of Mandatory Palestine Borders of the Palestinian territories ( West Bank and Gaza Strip ) which are claimed by the State of Palestine as its borders Palestine ( Filasṭīn , Falasṭīn , Filisṭīn ; , Palaistinē ; ; Palestina ) is a geographic region in Western Asia usually considered to include Israel , the West Bank , the Gaza Strip , and in some definitions, parts of western Jordan . The name was used by ancient Greek writers, and it was later used for the Roman province Syria Palaestina , the Byzantine Palaestina Prima , and the Islamic provincial district of Jund Filastin . The region comprises most of the territory claimed for the biblical regions known as the Land of Israel ( Eretz-Yisra'el ), the Holy Land or Promised Land , and represents the southern portion of wider regional designations such as Canaan , Syria , ash-Sham , and the Levant . Located at the junction of Egypt , Syria , and Arabia , and being the birthplace of Judaism and Christianity , the region has a tumultuous history as a crossroads for religion, culture, commerce, and politics. It has been controlled by numerous peoples, including Ancient Egyptians , Canaanites , Israelites and Judeans , Assyrians , Babylonians , Achaemenids , ancient Greeks , the Jewish Hasmonean Kingdom , Romans , Parthians , Sasanians , Byzantines , the Arab Rashidun , Umayyad , Abbasid and Fatimid caliphates , Crusaders , Ayyubids , Mamluks , Mongols , Ottomans , the British , and modern Israelis , Jordanians , Egyptians and Palestinians . The boundaries of the region have changed throughout history. Today, the politically defined region comprises the states of Israel and Palestine (i.e. the Palestinian territories ).

Geographic region in West Asia This article is about the geographical region. Palestine ( , Palaistínē ; ; , Filasṭīn , Falasṭīn , Filisṭīn ; , Palestīna ) is a geographic region in West Asia . It is usually considered to include Israel and the State of Palestine (i.e. West Bank and Gaza Strip ), though some definitions also include part of northwestern Jordan . The first written records referring to Palestine emerged in the 12th-century BCE Twentieth dynasty of Egypt , which used the term "Peleset" for the neighboring people or land. In the 8th century BCE, the Assyrians referred to the region as "Palashtu" or "Pilistu". In the Hellenistic period, these names were carried over into Greek, appearing in the Histories of Herodotus in as "Palaistine". The Roman Empire initially used other terms for the region, such as Judaea , but renamed the region Syria Palaestina after the Bar Kokhba revolt . During the Byzantine period , the region was split into the provinces of Palaestina Prima , Palaestina Secunda and Palaestina Tertia . Following the Muslim conquest of the Levant , the military district of Jund Filastin was established. Palestine's boundaries have changed throughout history, but it has generally comprised the southern portion of wider regional designations such Syria or the Levant . It conceptually overlaps with several historical and cultural terms, including Canaan , and the Promised Land , Holy Land and Land of Israel in Judeo-Christian tradition . As the birthplace of Judaism and Christianity , the region of Palestine has a tumultuous history as a crossroads for religion, culture, commerce, and politics. In the Bronze Age , it was inhabited by the Canaanites; the Iron Age saw the emergence of Israel and Judah , two related kingdoms inhabited by the Israelites . It has since come under the sway of various empires, including the Neo-Assyrian Empire , the Neo-Babylonian Empire , and the Achaemenid Persian Empire . Revolts by the region's Jews against Hellenistic rule brought a brief period of regional independence under the Hasmonean dynasty , which ended with its gradual incorporation into the Roman Empire (later the Byzantine Empire). In the 7th century, Palestine was conquered by the Rashidun Caliphate , ending Byzantine rule in the region; Rashidun rule was succeeded by the Umayyad Caliphate , the Abbasid Caliphate , and the Fatimid Caliphate . Following the collapse of the Kingdom of Jerusalem , which had been established through the Crusades , the population of Palestine became predominantly Muslim . In the 13th century, it became part of the Mamluk Sultanate , and after 1516, part of the Ottoman Empire . During World War I , it was captured by the United Kingdom as part of the Sinai and Palestine campaign . Between 1919 and 1922, the League of Nations created the Mandate for Palestine , which directed the region to be under British administration as Mandatory Palestine . Tensions between Jews and Arabs escalated into the 1947–1949 Palestine war , which ended with the territory of the former British Mandate divided between Israel vis-à-vis Jordan ( in the West Bank ) and Egypt ( in the Gaza Strip ); later developments in the Arab–Israeli conflict culminated in Israel's seizure of both territories , which has been among the core issues of the ongoing Israeli–Palestinian conflict . Scan of the original document at the National Library of Israel.

Geographic region in West Asia For other regions with the same name, see Palestine (disambiguation) § Geographic region . The region of Palestine , also known as historic Palestine , is a geographical area in West Asia . It includes the modern states of Israel and Palestine , as well as parts of northwestern Jordan in some definitions. Other names for the region include Canaan , the Promised Land , the Land of Israel , or the Holy Land . The earliest written record referring to Palestine as a geographical region is in the Histories of Herodotus in the 5th century BCE, which calls the area Palaistine , referring to the territory previously held by Philistia , a state that existed in that area from the 12th to the 7th century BCE. The Roman Empire conquered the region and in 6 CE established the province known as Judaea . In the aftermath of the Bar Kokhba revolt (132–136 CE), the province was renamed Syria Palaestina . In 390, during the Byzantine period, the region was split into the provinces of Palaestina Prima , Palaestina Secunda , and Palaestina Tertia . Following the Muslim conquest of the Levant in the 630s, the military district of Jund Filastin was established. While Palestine's boundaries have changed throughout history, it has generally comprised the southern portion of regions such as Syria or the Levant . As the birthplace of Judaism and Christianity , Palestine has been a crossroads for religion, culture, commerce, and politics. In the Bronze Age , it was home to Canaanite city-states; and the later Iron Age saw the emergence of Israel and Judah . It has since come under the sway of various empires, including the Neo-Assyrian Empire , the Neo-Babylonian Empire , the Achaemenid Empire , the Macedonian Empire , and the Seleucid Empire . The brief Hasmonean dynasty ended with its gradual incorporation into the Roman Empire, and later the Byzantine Empire, during which Palestine became a center of Christianity. In the 7th century, Palestine was conquered by the Rashidun Caliphate , ending Byzantine rule in the region; Rashidun rule was succeeded by the Umayyad Caliphate , the Abbasid Caliphate , and the Fatimid Caliphate . Following the collapse of the Kingdom of Jerusalem , which had been established through the Crusades , the population of Palestine became predominantly Muslim . In the 13th century, it became part of the Mamluk Sultanate , and after 1516, spent four centuries as part of the Ottoman Empire . During World War I , Palestine was occupied by the United Kingdom as part of the Sinai and Palestine campaign . Between 1919 and 1922, the League of Nations created the Mandate for Palestine , which came under British administration as Mandatory Palestine through the 1940s. Tensions between Jews and Arabs escalated into the 1947–1949 Palestine war , which ended with the establishment of Israel on most of the territory, and neighboring Jordan and Egypt controlling the West Bank and the Gaza Strip respectively. The 1967 Six-Day War saw Israel's occupation of both territories , which has been among the core issues of the ongoing Israeli–Palestinian conflict . There are <ref group=lower-roman> tags or templates on this page, but the references will not show without a template or template (see the help page ). From Shared Life to Co-Resistance in Historic Palestine .