Revocation of the special status of Jammu and Kashmir

2019 Indian political incident A map of the disputed Kashmir region showing the Indian-administered region in citrine yellow . Jammu and Kashmir is roughly the left half of this region. Pakistani-administered Kashmir is shown in tea green , and Chinese-administered Kashmir in fallow brown . On 5 August 2019, the Government of India revoked the special status, or limited autonomy , granted under Article 370 of the Indian Constitution to Jammu and Kashmir —a region administered by India as a state which consists of the larger part of Kashmir which has been the subject of dispute among India, Pakistan , and China since 1947. Among the Indian government actions accompanying the revocation was the cutting off of communication lines in the Kashmir Valley , a region gripped by a prolonged separatist insurgency. Several leading Kashmiri politicians were taken into custody, including the former chief minister, Government officials described these restrictions as designed for preempting violence, and justified the revocation for enabling people of the state to access government programmes such as reservation , right to education and right to information . The reaction in the Kashmir Valley was effectively reduced to silence because of cut-off communication. Many nationalists celebrated, declaring the move to herald public order and prosperity in Kashmir. Among political parties in India, the revocation was supported by the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party , and, among others, by the Bahujan Samaj Party , the Aam Aadmi Party , AIADMK , Telegu Desam Party , and the Shiv Sena . It was opposed by the Indian National Congress , Jammu & Kashmir National Conference , Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party , Trinamool Congress , Janata Dal (United) and the DMK . In Ladakh, people in the Kargil area, who are Shia Muslim and form the plurality of the population of Ladakh , protested; however, the Buddhist community in Ladakh supported the decision. The President of India issued an order under the power of Article 370, overriding the prevailing 1954 Presidential Order and nullifying all the provisions of autonomy granted to the state. The Home Minister introduced a Reorganisation Bill in the Indian Parliament, seeking to divide the state into two union territories to be governed by a lieutenant governor and a unicameral legislature. The resolution seeking the revocation of the special status under Article 370 and the bill for the state's reorganisation was debated and passed by the Rajya Sabha – India's upper house of parliament – on 5 August 2019. On 6 August, the Lok Sabha – India's lower house of parliament – debated and passed the reorganisation bill along with the resolution recommending the revocation. Jammu and Kashmir, state of India, located in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent in the vicinity of the Karakoram and westernmost Himalayan mountain ranges. The state is part of the larger region of Kashmir, which has been the subject of dispute between India, Pakistan, and China since the partition of the subcontinent in 1947. In Mango, Anthony (ed.). Encyclopedia of the United Nations and International Agreements . Territory in northwestern India, subject of a dispute between India and Pakistan. It has borders with Pakistan and China. The New York Times . "Article 370 revoked: Which political parties supported the bill, which opposed it - India News" . The Times of India . 5 August 2019 .

2019 Indian political incident A map of the disputed Kashmir region showing the areas under Indian, Pakistani, and Chinese administration. On 5 August 2019, the government of India revoked the special status, or autonomy , granted under Article 370 of the Indian constitution to Jammu and Kashmir —a region administered by India as a state which consists of the larger part of Kashmir which has been the subject of dispute among India, Pakistan, and China since 1947. Among the Indian government actions accompanying the revocation was the cutting off of communication lines in the Kashmir Valley which was restored after 5 months. Thousands of additional security forces were deployed to curb any uprising. Several leading Kashmiri politicians were taken into custody, including the former chief minister. Government officials described these restrictions as designed for preempting violence, and justified the revocation for enabling people of the state to access government programmes such as reservation , right to education and right to information . The reactions in Kashmir Valley was effectively suppressed through the suspension of communication and with imposition of Curfew ( Section 144 ). Many nationalists celebrated, declaring the move to herald public order and prosperity in Kashmir. Among political parties in India, the revocation was supported by the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party , and, among others, by the Bahujan Samaj Party , the Aam Aadmi Party , AIADMK , Telugu Desam Party , YSR Congress Party , BJD , Janata Dal (United) and the Shiv Sena . It was opposed by the Indian National Congress , Jammu & Kashmir National Conference , Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party , Communist Party of India (Marxist) , Communist Party of India , Trinamool Congress and the DMK . In Ladakh, people in the Kargil area, who are predominantly Shia Muslim, protested; however, the Buddhist community in Ladakh supported the decision. The president of India issued an order under the power of Article 367, overriding the prevailing 1954 Presidential Order and nullifying all the provisions of autonomy granted to the state. The Home minister introduced a Reorganisation Bill in the Indian parliament, seeking to divide the state into two union territories to be governed by a lieutenant governor and a unicameral legislature. The resolution seeking the revocation of the temporary special status under Article 370 and the bill for the state's reorganisation was debated and passed by the Rajya Sabha – India's upper house of parliament – on 5 August 2019. On 6 August, the Lok Sabha – India's lower house of parliament – debated and passed the reorganisation bill along with the resolution recommending the revocation. Jammu and Kashmir, state of India, located in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent in the vicinity of the Karakoram and westernmost Himalayan mountain ranges. The state is part of the larger region of Kashmir, which has been the subject of dispute between India, Pakistan, and China since the partition of the subcontinent in 1947. In Mango, Anthony (ed.). Encyclopedia of the United Nations and International Agreements . Territory in northwestern India, subject of a dispute between India and Pakistan. It has borders with Pakistan and China. The New York Times . The Indian Express . 6 August 2019 . The Times of India .