Victims of Nazi Germany

Inmates of Buchenwald concentration camp . 16 April 1945 Others Soviet POWs Soviet urban residents Civilians targeted during anti-partisan warfare People with disabilities Romani people Polish leaders and intellectuals Homosexuals Jehovah's Witnesses While the term " Holocaust victims " generally refers to Jews , the German Nazis also persecuted and often killed millions of members of other groups they considered inferior ( Untermenschen ), undesirable or dangerous. In addition to Jews, the targeted groups included Poles (of whom 2 million gentile Poles were killed) and some other Slavic peoples , Soviets (particularly prisoners of war ), Romanies (also known as Gypsies), some Africans , Asians and others who did not belong to the " Aryan race ", the mentally ill , physically disabled and the mentally retarded , homosexuals and transsexual people, and political opponents and religious dissident . Taking into account all of the victims of Nazi persecution, the Nazis systematically killed an estimated 6 million Jews and were responsible for an estimated 11 million additional deaths during the war. Donald Niewyk suggests that the broadest definition, including Soviet civilian deaths, would produce a death toll of 17 million people killed. Despite often widely varying treatment (some groups were actively targeted for genocide , while others were mostly not), these victims all perished alongside one another, some in the Nazi concentration camps , and some as victims of other forms of Nazi brutality, according to the extensive documentation left behind by the Nazis themselves (written and photographed), eyewitness testimony (by survivors, perpetrators, and bystanders), and the statistical records of the various countries under occupation. "Non-Jewish victims of Nazism," Encyclopaedia Britannica . A figure of 26 million is given in Service d'Information des Crimes de Guerre: Crimes contre la Personne Humain, Camps de Concentration.

Louis Nuremberg trials Denazification Aftermath Bricha Displaced persons Survivors Central Committee of the Liberated Jews Reparations Agreement between Israel and the Federal Republic of Germany Lists Holocaust survivors Deportations of French Jews to death camps Survivors of Sobibor Timeline of Treblinka extermination camp Victims of Nazism Rescue of Jews Memorials and museums Resources Bibliography Bibliography of Nazi Germany The Destruction of the European Jews Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos Functionalism versus intentionalism Remembrance Days of remembrance Memorials and museums Righteous Among the Nations v t e Holocaust victims were people who were targeted by the government of Nazi Germany for various discriminatory practices due to their ethnicity , religion , political beliefs , or sexual orientation . These institutionalized practices came to be called The Holocaust , and they began with legalized social discrimination against specific groups, and involuntary hospitalization, euthanasia , and forced sterilization of those considered physically or mentally unfit for society. These practices escalated during World War II to include non-judicial incarceration, confiscation of property, forced labor , sexual slavery , medical experimentation , and death through overwork, undernourishment, and execution through a variety of methods, with the genocide of different groups as the primary goal. According to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (USHMM), the country's official memorial to the Holocaust , "The Holocaust was the murder of six million Jews and millions of others by the Nazis and their collaborators during World War II." The museum puts the total number of murdered during the Holocaust at 17 million: 6 million Jews and 11 million others. The War Against the Jews . Documentation remains fragmentary, but today scholars of independent Poland believe that 1.8 to 1.9 million Polish civilians (non-Jews) were victims of German Occupation policies and the war. This approximate total includes Poles killed in executions or who died in prisons, forced labor, and concentration camps. It also includes an estimated 225,000 civilian victims of the 1944 Warsaw uprising, more than 50,000 civilians who died during the 1939 invasion and siege of Warsaw, and a relatively small but unknown number of civilians killed during the Allies' military campaign of 1944—45 to liberate Poland. "Szanse i trudności bilansu demograficznego Polski w latach 1939–1945", Dzieje Najnowsze , issue 1994/2. The USHMM places the scholarly estimates at 220,000–500,000. Hitler and the Nazis The number of Slovenes estimated to have died as a result of the Nazi occupation (not including those killed by Slovene collaboration forces and other Nazi allies) is estimated between 20,000 and 25,000 people. This number only includes civilians: Slovene partisan POWs who died and resistance fighters killed in action are not included (their number is estimated at 27,000). These numbers however include only Slovenes from present-day Slovenia : it does not include Carinthian Slovene victims, nor Slovene victims from areas in present-day Italy and Croatia. These numbers are result of a 10-year-long research by the Institute for Contemporary History ( Inštitut za novejšo zgodovino ) from Ljubljana, Slovenia. The partial results of the research have been released in 2008 in the volume Žrtve vojne in revolucije v Sloveniji (Ljubljana: Institute for Contemporary History, 2008), and officially presented at the Slovenian National Council ( [1] Harran, Marilyn J. The Holocaust Chronicle: A History in Words and Pictures .

Louis Nuremberg trials Denazification Aftermath Bricha Displaced persons Survivors Central Committee of the Liberated Jews Reparations Agreement between Israel and the Federal Republic of Germany Lists Holocaust survivors Deportations of French Jews to death camps Survivors of Sobibor Timeline of Treblinka extermination camp Victims of Nazism Rescue of Jews Memorials and museums Resources Bibliography Bibliography of Nazi Germany The Destruction of the European Jews Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos Functionalism versus intentionalism Remembrance Days of remembrance Memorials and museums Righteous Among the Nations v t e Holocaust victims were people targeted by the government of Nazi Germany based on their ethnicity , religion , political beliefs , and/or sexual orientation . The institutionalized practice by the Nazis of singling out and persecuting people resulted in the Holocaust , which began with legalized social discrimination against specific groups, involuntary hospitalization, euthanasia , and forced sterilization of persons considered physically or mentally unfit for society. The vast majority of the Nazi regime's victims were Jews, Sinti - Roma peoples, and Slavs but victims also encompassed people identified as social outsiders in the Nazi worldview, such as homosexuals, and political enemies. Nazi persecution escalated during World War II and included: non-judicial incarceration, confiscation of property, forced labor , sexual slavery , death through overwork , human experimentation , undernourishment, and execution through a variety of methods. According to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (USHMM), the Holocaust was "the systematic, bureaucratic, state-sponsored persecution and murder of six million Jewish men, women and children by the Nazi regime and its collaborators". In addition, 11 million members of other groups were murdered during the "era of the Holocaust". Documentation remains fragmentary, but today scholars of independent Poland believe that 1.8 to 1.9 million Polish civilians (non-Jews) were victims of German Occupation policies and the war. This approximate total includes Poles killed in executions or who died in prisons, forced labor, and concentration camps. It also includes an estimated 225,000 civilian victims of the 1944 Warsaw uprising, more than 50,000 civilians who died during the 1939 invasion and siege of Warsaw, and a relatively small but unknown number of civilians killed during the Allies' military campaign of 1944–45 to liberate Poland. "Szanse i trudności bilansu demograficznego Polski w latach 1939–1945", Dzieje Najnowsze , issue 1994/2. The USHMM places the scholarly estimates at 220,000–500,000. "Hitler and the Nazis" The number of Slovenes estimated to have died as a result of the Nazi occupation (not including those killed by Slovene collaboration forces and other Nazi allies) is estimated between 20,000 and 25,000 people. This number only includes civilians: Slovene partisan POWs who died and resistance fighters killed in action are not included (their number is estimated at 27,000). These numbers however include only Slovenes from present-day Slovenia : it does not include Carinthian Slovene victims, nor Slovene victims from areas in present-day Italy and Croatia. These numbers are result of a 10-year-long research by the Institute for Contemporary History ( Inštitut za novejšo zgodovino ) from Ljubljana, Slovenia. The partial results of the research have been released in 2008 in the volume Žrtve vojne in revolucije v Sloveniji (Ljubljana: Institute for Contemporary History, 2008), and officially presented at the Slovenian National Council ( [1] Harran, Marilyn J. The Holocaust Chronicle: A History in Words and Pictures .

Nazi Germany discriminated against and persecuted people on the basis of their race or ethnicity (actual or perceived), religious affiliation, political beliefs, sexual orientation , and, where applicable, mental or physical disabilities . Discrimination did not simply exist in practice; it was institutionalized through legislation under the Nazi Party and perpetrated at an industrial scale, culminating in the Holocaust . Men, women, and children who were deemed mentally or physically unfit for society were subject to involuntary hospitalization, involuntary euthanasia , and forced sterilization. The vast majority of the Nazi regime's victims were Jewish , Romani , or Slavic . Jews, along with some Romani populations, were deemed unfit for society on racial or ethnic grounds and largely confined to ghettos , then rounded up and deported to concentration or extermination camps . The beginning of World War II marked a colossal escalation in the Nazis' efforts to eliminate "inferior" communities across German-occupied Europe , with methods including: non-judicial incarceration, confiscation of property, forced labour (and extermination through hard labour ), sexual slavery, human experimentation , malnourishment, and execution by death squads . This was presented by Adolf Hitler as the " Final Solution " to the Jewish question . The Nazi Party's policy of waging genocide against so-called " sub-humans " resulted in the deaths of tens of millions of people, especially during Germany's invasion of the Soviet Union , which began in 1941 and opened up the Eastern Front , where 35% to 45% of all World War II casualties occurred. By the end of World War II and the Holocaust in 1945, the Nazis had eradicated approximately two-thirds of the entire European Jewish population in what is described by the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum as "the systematic, bureaucratic, state-sponsored persecution and murder of six million Jewish men, women and children by the Nazi regime and its collaborators ." "Documenting Numbers of Victims of the Holocaust and Nazi Persecution" . Documentation remains fragmentary, but today scholars of independent Poland believe that 1.8 to 1.9 million Polish civilians (non-Jews) were victims of German Occupation policies and the war. This approximate total includes Poles killed in executions or who died in prisons, forced labor, and concentration camps. It also includes an estimated 225,000 civilian victims of the 1944 Warsaw uprising, more than 50,000 civilians who died during the 1939 invasion and siege of Warsaw, and a relatively small but unknown number of civilians killed during the Allies' military campaign of 1944–45 to liberate Poland. The USHMM places the scholarly estimates at 250,000–500,000. "Hitler and the Nazis" The number of Slovenes estimated to have died as a result of the Nazi occupation (not including those killed by Slovene collaboration forces and other Nazi allies) is estimated between 20,000 and 25,000 people. This number only includes civilians: Slovene partisan POWs who died and resistance fighters killed in action are not included (their number is estimated at 27,000). These numbers however include only Slovenes from present-day Slovenia : it does not include Carinthian Slovene victims, nor Slovene victims from areas in present-day Italy and Croatia. These numbers are result of a 10-year-long research by the Institute for Contemporary History ( Inštitut za novejšo zgodovino ) from Ljubljana, Slovenia. The partial results of the research have been released in 2008 in the volume Žrtve vojne in revolucije v Sloveniji (Ljubljana: Institute for Contemporary History, 2008), and officially presented at the Slovenian National Council ( [1] "How Many People did the Nazis Murder?" . United States Holocaust Memorial Museum . 15,000 Spanish Republicans ended up in Nazi concentration camps after 1940. Almost 7,000 Catholic priests, monks, and nuns were killed, primarily in the first months of the revolt. Nazi authorities conscripted Spanish Republicans for forced labor and deported more than 30,000 to Germany, where about half of them ended up in concentration camps. Some 7,000 of these became prisoners in Mauthausen; more than half of them died in the camp.