Wikipedia's first sentence called it “scholar of islam”. Today it says “german author and scholar of islamic history widely recognised for his contributions to the fields of islamic a”.
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The opening as it read in 2015
Wilferd Madelung Wilferd Ferdinand Madelung (born 26 December 1930) is a scholar of Islam . He was born in Stuttgart , Germany , where he completed his early education at Eberhard-Ludwigs-Gymnasium . His family moved to the United States in 1947. In 1952, he went to Egypt and stayed there for a year. During his stay, the Egyptian Revolution of 1952 , initiated by the Free Officers , occurred. He also met Ihsan Abbas , the famous scholar of Islamic history . On leaving Egypt he went back to Germany and completed his Ph.D in 1957, working with [[ }]] [] . In 1958 he was sent to Iraq by the German government to work at its embassy there. Shortly after his arrival in Baghdad , Brigadier Abd al-Karim Qasim overthrew the regime in the bloody military coup known as the 14 July Revolution . Madelung stayed in Iraq two more years. Subsequently, he taught at the University of Chicago .1He has written extensively on the early history of Islam, as well as on Islamic sects such as the Shi'a and the Ismailis . He has served on the editorial boards of several academic journals including the Journal of Arabic and Islamic Studies .2He is currently a senior research fellow at the Institute for Ismaili Studies in London Senior Research Fellow at the Institute for Ismaili Studies in London3
This is Wikipedia's own text, saved in our repository. Their copy of it is revision 663733457.
The opening as it stood in 2010
Wilferd Ferdinand Madelung (born 26 December 1930) is a scholar of Islam . He was born in Stuttgart , Germany , where he completed his early education at Eberhard-Ludwig- Gymnasium . His family moved to the United States after in 1947. Madelung went to Egypt in 1952 and stayed there for a year. During his stay in Egypt the Coup d'État of 1952 by the Free Officers occurred. He also met Ihsan Abbas, the famous scholar of Islamic History, there. After his stay in Egypt he went back to Germany and completed his Ph.D in 1957. He worked with Spuler. In 1958 he was sent to Iraq by the German government to work at the embassy. Shortly after his arrival to Baghdad, Brigadier Abd al-Karim Qasim overthrew the regime in a bloody military coup. Madelung stayed in Iraq two more years. Madelung then taught at the University of Chicago. He has written extensively on the early history of Islam , as well as on Islamic sects such as the Shi'a and the Ismailis . He has served on the editorial boards of several academic journals including the Journal of Arabic and Islamic Studies .
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 344273123.
The opening as it stood in 2020 11 passages from the previous snapshot no longer appear
( Learn how and when to remove this message ) Wilferd Madelung Wilferd Ferdinand Madelung (b. 1930 ) is a German-American author and scholar of Islamic history. He has written extensively on the early history of Islam, as well as on Islamic sects such as the Shi'a and the Ismailis . He has also written academic journal articles and lectures about Ibadism . He has served on the editorial boards of several academic journals including the Journal of Arabic and Islamic Studies . Vol. 3 (Second revised and enlarged ed.).
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 953106017.
The opening as it stood on October 6, 2023 5 passages from the previous snapshot no longer appear
German-American scholar of Islamic history (1930–2023) Wilferd Ferdinand Madelung FBA (26 December 1930 – 9 May 2023) was a German author and scholar of Islamic history widely recognised for his contributions to the fields of Islamic and Iranian studies .He was appreciated in Iran for his "knowledgeable and fair" treatment of the Shia perspective.In the obituary of the Institute of Ismaili Studies (London) where Madelung worked his last years, it reads: "With particular reference to religious schools and movements in early Islam, his studies, based on a vast array of primary sources, have enriched the discipline’s understanding of almost every major Muslim movement and community – not only early Imami Shi‘ism and the later developments of Twelver , Ismaili and Zaydi Islam but also the lesser known aspects of Sunni , Khariji and the Mu‘tazili schools of theology and philosophy." "Tehran meeting to commemorate Islamic scholar Wilferd Madelung" .
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 1167887253. This is our newest snapshot; the live article may have moved again since.
Today
Wikipedia's first sentence called it “scholar of islam”. Today it says “german author and scholar of islamic history widely recognised for his contributions to the fields of islamic a”. Read the current article and compare.
2010
2015
2020
Oct '23
2025
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What Wikipedia says this is
Every article opens by defining its subject. This one was redefined since 2010, and today's defining sentence is their current revision.
Then
scholar of islam
Now
german author and scholar of islamic history widely recognised for his contributions to the fields of islamic a
Struck red text is no longer in the article; dotted amber text was rewritten. Every revision id links to Wikipedia's copy; the text shown is our own saved copy. Data: /data. Wikipedia text is CC BY-SA; quoted for the record; not affiliated with Wikipedia.