Wikipedia's first sentence called it “arab umayyad commander who led several andalusian muslim fighters”. Today it says “arab umayyad commander and governor who led andalusian umayyad forces against the franks”. Sections present on October 6, 2023 no longer exist: “Aftermath”.
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The opening as it read in 2005
Abdul Rahman ibn Abdullah ibn Bishr ibn Al Sarem Al 'Aki Al Ghafiqi (? – 732 ), variously known as Abdul Rahman Al Ghafiqi , Abd er Rahman , Abdderrahman , Abderame , and Abd el-Rahman , led the Andalusian Muslims into battle against the forces of Charles Martel in the Battle of Tours .1His unexpected death was probably the main reason for the defeat of the Muslim army. From the Yemeni tribe of Ghafiq, he relocated to Ifriqiya (now Tunisia ), then to the Maghrib (now Morocco ), where he became acquainted with Musa Ibn Nusair and his son Abdul Aziz, the governors of Al-Andalus . After Al Samh ibn Malik was killed at the Battle of Toulouse in 721 (102 A.H.) by the forces of Duke Odo of Aquitaine , Abdul Rahman took over the command of Eastern Andalus. He was briefly relieved of his command, when 'Anbasa ibn Suhaim Al Kalbi was appointed in 105 A.H. After 'Anbasa was killed in 107 A.H. battle in Gaul ; several successive commanders were put in place, none of whom lasted very long. In 112 A.H. the Caliph Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik appointed Abdul Rahman as governor/commander of Al Andalus. He prepared to invade Gaul , and called for recruits from Yemen and the Levant . Many arrived, and he crossed the Pyrenees range, with an army of 80,000 composed of Arabs and Berbers . He made his way through Gascony and Aquitaine , and captured the city of Bordeaux , defeating the army of Duke Odo of Aquitaine. However, the Frankish Mayor of the Palace of Austrasia , Charles Martel , managed to form an army of Gauls and Germans , and defeated Abdul Rahman near Poitiers , south of the Loire River . Abdul Rahman was killed in this battle. One of the reasons for the defeat of the Muslim army was their preoccupation with war booty; another was squabbles between various ethnic and tribal factions. All Arab historians praise Abdul Rahman as a just and able administrator and commander, and bestow on him the honor of being the best governor of Andalus. Also, he did not take sides in the ethnic and tribal divisions that plagued Andalus under other rulers.2
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The opening as it stood in 2010 14 passages from the previous snapshot no longer appear
Abdul Rahman Al Ghafiqi (died 732; ), also known as Abd er Rahman , Abdderrahman , Abderame , and Abd el-Rahman , led the Andalusian Muslims into battle against the forces of Charles Martel in the Battle of Tours on October 10, 732 A.D. for which he is primarily remembered in the West.His full name was Abu Said Abdul Rahman ibn Abdullah ibn Bishr ibn Al Sarem Al 'Aki Al Ghafiqi .
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The opening as it stood in 2015
Charles de Steuben 's Bataille de Poitiers en Octobre 732 depicts a triumphant Charles Martel (mounted) facing Abdul Rahman Al Ghafiqi (right) at the Battle of Tours. Abdul Rahman Al Ghafiqi (died 732; ), also known as Abd er Rahman , Abdderrahman , Abderame , and Abd el-Rahman , unsuccessfully led the Andalusian Muslims into battle against the forces of Charles Martel in the Battle of Tours on October 10, 732 AD. for which he is primarily remembered in the West. His full name was Abu Said Abdul Rahman ibn Abdullah ibn Bishr ibn Al Sarem Al 'Aki Al Ghafiqi .
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The opening as it stood in 2020 2 passages from the previous snapshot no longer appear
Muslim general of the 8th century ( Learn how and when to remove this message ) Abd al-Rahman ibn Abd Allah al-Ghafiqi ( ; died 732), also known as Abd er Rahman , Abdderrahman , Abderame , and Abd el-Rahman , was an Umayyad commander of Andalusian Muslims . He unsuccessfully led into battle against the forces of Charles Martel in the Battle of Tours on October 10, 732 AD.
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The opening as it stood on October 6, 2023
Muslim general of the 8th century For other people with the same name, see ‘Abd ar-Rahman (name) .( Learn how and when to remove this message ) Abd al-Rahman ibn Abd Allah Al-Ghafiqi ( ; died 732), was an Arab Umayyad commander who led several Andalusian Muslim fighters.His invasion failed and was killed in action against the forces of Charles Martel in the Battle of Tours on October 10, 732 AD.
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The opening as it stood in 2025 1 passage from the previous snapshot no longer appear
Muslim general of the 8th century For other people with the same name, see ‘Abd ar-Rahman (name) . ( Learn how and when to remove this message ) Abd al-Rahman ibn Abd Allah Al-Ghafiqi ( Arabic : عبد الرحمن بن عبد اللّه الغافقي , romanized : ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Ghāfiqī ; died 732), was an Arab Umayyad commander and governor who led Andalusian Muslim forces against the Franks .He is most famous for leading the Muslim forces during the Battle of Tours (also known as the Battle of Poitiers) in 732.This battle, fought against the Frankish forces led by Charles Martel , was a significant moment in European history as it marked the halting of the Muslim expansion into Western Europe.Al-Ghafiqi was appointed as the governor of al-Andalus around 730 and led several successful military campaigns across the Pyrenees into Frankish territories where he was successful in sacking and capturing the city of Bordeaux , after defeating Duke Odo of Aquitaine in the battle outside the city, and then again defeating a second army of Duke Odo at the Battle of the River Garonne —where the western chroniclers state, "God alone knows the number of the slain.His army advanced deep into modern-day France before being confronted by Charles Martel's forces near the city of Tours .Al-Ghafiqi was killed in the battle, the Muslim forces retreated, and this event is often seen as a pivotal moment that preserved Christian rule in Western Europe.Despite his defeat at Tours, al-Ghafiqi is remembered as a capable and ambitious military leader within the early history of Islamic expansion in Europe.
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Today
Wikipedia's first sentence called it “arab umayyad commander who led several andalusian muslim fighters”. Today it says “arab umayyad commander and governor who led andalusian umayyad forces against the franks”. Sections present on October 6, 2023 no longer exist: “Aftermath”. Read the current article and compare.
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What Wikipedia says this is
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Then
arab umayyad commander who led several andalusian muslim fighters
Now
arab umayyad commander and governor who led andalusian umayyad forces against the franks
Sections that no longer exist
Present on October 6, 2023, absent today, with no near-matching heading in the current article and the article shorter overall, so this is not a renamed heading or a topic absorbed into a fuller treatment. 1 section of 400 characters or more gone since October 6 2023, with the article 533 characters shorter.
Aftermath
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