Wikipedia's first sentence called it “son of eliphaz and the grandson of esau”. Today it says “nation described in the hebrew bible as a staunch enemy of the israelites”. The one-line description Wikipedia serves to search engines and AI systems read “Nation and a character described in the Hebrew Bible”. It now reads “Nation described in the Bible”.
Measured, not asserted. Every count, date and revision on this page was taken from Wikipedia's own history and checked against the live article. The words quoted are theirs.
Machine-checked against the full current article on 2026-08-03.
We saved snapshots of this article over twenty years; you are reading the 2005 one. Red dashes: removed from Wikipedia since.Pale dots: rewritten; the numbered note shows what it says now.Red text: written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot.1 tap a number or a side note to jump between them
The opening as it read in 2005
Amalek ( עֲמָלֵק ; Standard Hebrew ʻAmaleq , Tiberian Hebrew ʻĂmālēq ) was the son of Eliphaz and the grandson of Esau (Gen. 36:12; 1 Chr. 1:36); the chief of an Edomite tribe (Gen. 36:16).1His mother was a Horite , a tribe whose territory the descendants of Esau had seized.2The maximalist understanding of the Bible regards this genealogy as literal . A minimalist understanding regards it as traditional ethnology rather than literal genealogy. In this latter view the Amalekites are related to the Edomites (consequently also to the Hebrews) and Horites . This can be concluded from the genealogy in Gen. 36:12; 1 Chr. 1:36.3Amalek is a son of Esau's son Eliphaz and of the concubine Timna , a Horite and sister of Lotan .4Amalek , for what ever reason, has become eponymous for the Amalekites .5Gen. 36:16 refers to him as the "chief of Amalek" thus even within a literalist perspective of the Bible, his name can be understood to be a title derived from that of the clan or territory over which he ruled. An extra-Biblical tradition recorded by Nachmanides relates that the Amalekites were descended from a man named Amalek after whom Esau's grandson was later named. Such an eponymous ancestor of the Amalekites is also mentioned in Arab traditions. The name is sometimes interpreted as "dweller in the valley." [1] [2] .6
This is Wikipedia's own text, saved in our repository. Their copy of it is revision 15961831.
The opening as it stood in 2010 5 passages from the previous snapshot no longer appear
The Amalekites are a people mentioned a number of times in the Hebrew Bible .They are considered to be descended from an ancestor Amalek .According to the Book of Genesis and 1 Chronicles , Amalek ( Hebrew : עֲמָלֵק , Modern : Amalek , Tiberian : ʻĂmālēq ), Arabic , عماليق , was the son of Eliphaz and the grandson of Esau (Gen. 36:12; 1 Chr. 1:36); the chief of an Edomite tribe (Gen. 36:16). His mother was a Horite , a tribe whose territory the descendants of Esau had seized. Amalek is a son of Esau's son Eliphaz and of the concubine Timna, a Horite and sister of Lotan. Gen. 36:16 refers to him as the "chief of Amalek" thus his name can be understood to be a title derived from that of the clan or territory over which he ruled. Indeed an extra-Biblical tradition recorded by Nachmanides relates that the Amalekites were not descended from the grandson of Esau but from a man named Amalek after whom this grandson was later named.Such an eponymous ancestor of the Amalekites is also mentioned in Old Arabian poetry.According to Arab historians such as Ibn Khaldun and Ali ibn al-Athir , Amalek is a name given to the Amorites and the Canaanites .The name is sometimes interpreted as "dweller in the valley" [1] [2] , but most specialists regard the origin to be unknown (M.In ( ) is the singular of giant, and the plural is (عمالقة, ʿamāliqah) or (عماليق, ʿamālīq), suggesting the sons of this tribe were known for being unusually tall.
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 370547271.
The opening as it stood in 2015 10 passages from the previous snapshot no longer appear
Amalek ( Hebrew : עֲמָלֵק , Modern : Amalek , Tiberian : ʻĂmālēq ) occurs in the Hebrew Bible and may refer to the grandson of Esau , the descendant nation of Amalekites , and the territories of Amalek for which they inhabited.According to the Book of Genesis and 1 Chronicles , Amalek was the son of Eliphaz and the concubine Timna.Timna was a Horite and sister of Lotan .Amalek appears in the genealogy of Esau (Gen. 36:12; 1 Chr. 1:36) who was the chief of an Edomite tribe (Gen. 36:16).Amalek is described as the "chief of Amalek" in Genesis 36:16, in which it is surmised that he ruled a clan or territory named after him.In the chant of Balaam at Numbers , 24:20, Amalek was called the 'first of the nations', attesting to high antiquity.Josephus refers to Amalek as a 'bastard' (νόθος), though in a derogative sense.In the Hebrew Bible , the Amalekites were a nomadic, or seminomadic people who inhabited ancient Israel .They are commonly considered to be Amalek's descendants through the genealogy of Esau.This is probably based on the association of this tribal group with the steppe region of the Negev and the area of Kadesh (Genesis 14:7).As a people, the Amalekites are identified as a recurrent enemy of the Israelites.
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 665966685.
The opening as it stood in 2020 11 passages from the previous snapshot no longer appear
Amalek ( , Amaleq , ‘Amālīq ) is a nation described in the Hebrew Bible as an enemy of the Israelites .The name "Amalek" can refer to the nation's founder, a grandson of Esau ; his descendants, the Amalekites ; or the territories of Amalek which they inhabited.
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 961134191.
The opening as it stood on October 6, 2023
Nation and a character described in the Hebrew Bible "Amalekites" redirects here.Amalek ( / ˈ æ m ə l ɛ k / ; , 'Ămālēq , 'Amālīq ) was a nation described in the Hebrew Bible as a staunch enemy of the Israelites . The name "Amalek" can refer to the nation's founder, a grandson of Esau ; his descendants, the Amalekites ; or the territories of Amalek, which they inhabited.
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 1177796297.
The opening as it stood in 2025 3 passages from the previous snapshot no longer appear
Amalek ( / ˈ æ m ə l ɛ k / ; Biblical Hebrew : עֲמָלֵק , romanized: ʿĂmālēq ) is described in the Hebrew Bible as the enemy of the nation of the Israelites .The name "Amalek" can refer to the descendants of Amalek, the grandson of Esau , or anyone who lived in their territories in Canaan , or North African descendants of Ham , the son of Noah .
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 1298061600. This is our newest snapshot; the live article may have moved again since.
Today
Wikipedia's first sentence called it “son of eliphaz and the grandson of esau”. Today it says “nation described in the hebrew bible as a staunch enemy of the israelites”. The one-line description Wikipedia serves to search engines and AI systems read “Nation and a character described in the Hebrew Bible”. It now reads “Nation described in the Bible”. Read the current article and compare.
2005
2010
2015
2020
Oct '23
2025
Counts in the opening at each snapshot. Green: the word gained ground. Red: it was cut. Grey: no change.
What Wikipedia says this is
Every article opens by defining its subject. This one was redefined since 2005, and today's defining sentence is their current revision.
Then
son of eliphaz and the grandson of esau
Now
nation described in the hebrew bible as a staunch enemy of the israelites
Struck red text is no longer in the article; dotted amber text was rewritten. Every revision id links to Wikipedia's copy; the text shown is our own saved copy. Data: /data. Wikipedia text is CC BY-SA; quoted for the record; not affiliated with Wikipedia.