Arab–Israeli conflict

Israel and the Arab League states The Arab-Israeli conflict is a long-running conflict in the Middle East regarding the existence of the state of Israel and its relations with Arab states and with the Palestinian population (see Israeli-Palestinian conflict .) Some uses of the term Middle East conflict refer to this matter, but the region has been host to other disputes and wars not directly involving Israel (see List of conflicts in the Middle East ) Despite the relatively small land area, number of casualties, and total size of populations involved, the conflict has been the focus of worldwide media and diplomatic attention for decades. Some groups fear that the Arab-Israeli conflict is a part of (or precursor to) a wider clash of civilizations between the Western World and the Arab or Muslim world. Animosity emanating from this conflict has caused numerous attacks on supporters (or perceived supporters) of one side by supporters of the other side in many countries around the world. The map shows the nations of the Middle East and Africa that are members of the Arab League , including many that have never been directly involved in the conflict, and Israel. Many people in other countries feel involvement in the conflict, for reasons such as cultural and religious ties with Islam and/or Arabian culture, Christianity , Judaism , or for purely ideological reasons; these include countries such as Iran and the United States .

Arab-Israeli conflict Arab-Israeli conflict Geography Governance Unity Foreign relations Military Economy Economic and Social Council Council of Arab Economic Unity (CAEU) Arab Monetary Fund Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development (AFESD) Union for the Mediterranean Greater Arab Free Trade Area (GAFTA) Chambers of Commerce Arab Customs Union International Confederation of Arab Trade Unions (ICATU) Federation of Arab Trade Unions and Labor Societies (FATULS) Qualifying Industrial Zone (QIZ) Transportation Culture Demographics v t e The Arab–Israeli conflict ( Aṣ-Ṣirāʿ al-ʿArabī al-'Isrā'īlī , HaSikhsukh HaYisre'eli-Aravi ) refers to the political tensions and open hostilities between the Arab people of the Middle East and the Jewish community of present-day Israel , that has lasted for over a century. Some trace the beginning of the conflict to large-scale Jewish immigration to Palestine, especially after the establishment of the Zionist movement and which intensified with the creation of the modern State of Israel in 1948 in territory regarded by the Jewish people as their historical homeland , and by the Pan-Arab movement as belonging to the Palestinians , be they Muslim, Christian, Druze or other (and in the Pan-Islamic context, in territory regarded as Muslim lands ). The conflict, which started as a political and nationalist conflict over competing territorial ambitions following the collapse of the Ottoman Empire , has shifted over the years from the large scale regional Arab–Israeli conflict to a more local Israeli-Palestinian conflict , though the Arab World and Israel generally remain at odds with each other over specific territory.

The roots of the modern Arab–Israeli conflict are bound in the rise of Zionism and Arab nationalism towards the end of the 19th century. Territory regarded by the Jewish people as their historical homeland is also regarded by the Pan-Arab movement as historically and currently belonging to the Palestinians , and in the Pan-Islamic context, as Muslim lands . The sectarian conflict between Palestinian Jews and Arabs emerged in the early 20th century, peaking into a full-scale civil war in 1947 and transforming into the First Arab-Israeli War in May 1948 following the Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel . The nature of the conflict has shifted over the years from the large scale regional Arab–Israeli conflict to a more local Israeli–Palestinian conflict , as large-scale hostilities mostly ended with the cease-fire agreements that followed the 1973 Yom Kippur War . Attempts have been made to resolve the conflict, but without success. Peace agreements were signed between Israel and Egypt in 1979, and Israel and Jordan in 1994. The interim Oslo Accords led to the creation of the Palestinian National Authority in 1994, though a final peace agreement has yet to be reached. An Israeli–Palestinian peace process is ongoing. A cease-fire currently stands between Israel and Syria, as well as more recently with Lebanon (since 2006). The conflict between Israel and Hamas -ruled Gaza , which resulted in the 2009 cease-fire (although fighting has continued since then) is usually also included as part of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict and hence the Arab–Israeli conflict. Despite the peace agreements with Egypt and Jordan and the generally existing cease-fire, the Arab world and Israel generally remain at odds with each other over many issues. Memorial Day / 24,293 fallen soldiers, terror victims since Israel was born .

Geopolitical conflict in the Middle East and North Africa "Arab–Israeli War" redirects here. The Arab–Israeli conflict refers to the ongoing political tension, military conflicts and disputes between Arab countries and Israel , which escalated during the 20th century. The roots of the Arab–Israeli conflict have been attributed to the support by Arab League member countries for the Palestinians , a fellow League member, in the ongoing Israeli–Palestinian conflict , which in turn has been attributed to the simultaneous rise of Zionism and Arab nationalism towards the end of the 19th century, though the two national movements had not clashed until the 1920s. In 2002, the Arab League offered recognition of Israel by Arab countries as part of the resolution of the Palestine–Israel conflict in the Arab Peace Initiative . The initiative, which has been reconfirmed since, calls for normalizing relations between the Arab region and Israel, in exchange for a full withdrawal by Israel from the occupied territories (including East Jerusalem ) and a "just settlement" of the Palestinian refugee problem based on UN Resolution 194 . Part of the Palestine–Israel conflict arose from the conflicting claims by these movements to the land that formed the British Mandatory Palestine , which was regarded by the Jewish people as their ancestral homeland , while at the same time it was regarded by the Pan-Arab movement as historically and currently belonging to the Arab Palestinians , and in the Pan-Islamic context, as Muslim lands . There was sectarian conflict within the British Mandate territory between Palestinian Jews and Arabs commencing in the 1920s, escalating into a full-scale Palestinian civil war in 1947 . Taking the side of the Palestinian Arabs, especially following the Israeli Declaration of Independence , the neighbouring Arab countries invaded the by-then former Mandate territory in May 1948, commencing the First Arab–Israeli War . Large-scale hostilities mostly ended with ceasefire agreements after the 1973 Yom Kippur War . Peace agreements were signed between Israel and Egypt in 1979, resulting in Israeli withdrawal from the Sinai Peninsula and the abolition of the military governance system in the West Bank and Gaza Strip , in favor of Israeli Civil Administration and consequent unilateral annexation of the Golan Heights and East Jerusalem. The nature of the conflict has shifted over the years from the large-scale, regional Arab–Israeli conflict to a more local Israeli–Palestinian conflict, which peaked during the 1982 Lebanon War . With the decline of the 1987–1993 First Palestinian Intifada , the interim Oslo Accords led to the creation of the Palestinian National Authority in 1994, within the context of the Israeli–Palestinian peace process . The same year, Israel and Jordan reached a peace accord. A cease-fire has been largely maintained between Israel and Baathist Syria , as well as with Lebanon . Despite the peace agreements with Egypt and Jordan, the interim peace accords with the Palestinian Authority and the generally existing cease-fire, until the mid-2010s the Arab League and Israel had remained at odds with each other over many issues. Among Arab belligerents in the conflict, Iraq and Syria are the only states who have no formal peace accord or treaty with Israel. Developments in the course of the Syrian Civil War reshuffled the situation near Israel's northern border, putting the Syrian Arab Republic, Hezbollah and the Syrian opposition at odds with each other and complicating their relations with Israel, upon the emerging warfare with Iran . The conflict between Israel and Hamas -ruled Gaza, is also attributed to the Iran–Israel proxy conflict in the region. By 2017, Israel and several Arab Sunni states led by Saudi Arabia formed a semi-official coalition to confront Iran – a move which some marked as the fading of the Arab–Israeli conflict. "Arab-Israeli wars" . : Unknown parameter |encyclopedia= ignored ( help ) Memorial Day / 24,293 fallen soldiers, terror victims since Israel was born . Memorial Day / 24,293 fallen soldiers, terror victims since Israel was born . In The Path Of Hizbullah . Time to Test the Arab Peace Offer .

Geopolitical conflict in the Middle East This article is about the broader conflict between Israel and the Arab world. The Arab–Israeli conflict is a geopolitical phenomenon involving military conflicts and a variety of disputes between Israel and many Arab countries . It is largely rooted in the historically supportive stance of the Arab League towards the Palestinians in the context of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict , which, in turn, has been attributed to the simultaneous rise of Zionism and Arab nationalism towards the end of the 19th century, though the two movements did not directly clash until the 1920s. Since the late 20th century, however, direct hostilities of the Arab–Israeli conflict across the Middle East have mostly been attributed to a changing political atmosphere dominated primarily by the Iran–Israel proxy conflict . Part of the struggle between Israelis and Palestinians arose from the conflicting claims by the Zionist and Arab nationalist movements to the land that constituted British-ruled Mandatory Palestine . To the Zionist movement, Palestine was seen as the ancestral homeland of the Jewish people ; while to the pan-Arab movement , Palestine was seen as historically belonging to the Arab Palestinian people and thereby also constituting Muslim land in the pan-Islamic context . By 1920, the opposing national aspirations of these two movements triggered the outbreak of a Jewish–Arab sectarian conflict within the British Mandate's territory, eventually escalating into the 1947–1948 Palestinian civil war following the unveiling of the United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine , which sought to divide the territory into a Jewish state and an Arab state. In May 1948, one day after the Israeli Declaration of Independence , the Arab League militarily intervened in the civil war by invading the by-then former British Mandate territory to support the Arab Palestinians, sparking the First Arab–Israeli War . Large-scale hostilities mostly ended with ceasefire agreements after the 1973 Yom Kippur War . Peace agreements were signed between Israel and Egypt in 1979, resulting in Israeli withdrawal from the Sinai Peninsula and the abolition of the military governance system in the West Bank and Gaza Strip , in favor of Israeli Civil Administration and consequent unilateral annexation of the Golan Heights and East Jerusalem . The nature of the conflict has shifted over the years from the large-scale, regional Arab–Israeli conflict to a more local Israeli–Palestinian conflict, which peaked during the 1982 Lebanon War when Israel intervened in the Lebanese Civil War to oust the Palestinian Liberation Organization from Lebanon . With the decline of the 1987–1993 First Intifada , the interim Oslo Accords led to the creation of the Palestinian National Authority in 1994, within the context of the Israeli–Palestinian peace process . The same year, Israel and Jordan reached a peace accord. In 2002, the Arab League offered recognition of Israel by Arab countries as part of the resolution of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict in the Arab Peace Initiative . The initiative, which has been reconfirmed since, calls for normalizing relations between the Arab League and Israel, in exchange for a full withdrawal by Israel from the occupied territories (including East Jerusalem) and a "just settlement" of the Palestinian refugee problem based on UN Resolution 194 . In the 1990s and early 2000s, a ceasefire had been largely maintained between Israel and Syria , while limited warfare continued in Lebanon against Iranian proxy militias . Despite the peace agreements with Egypt and Jordan, the interim peace accords with the Palestinian Authority and the generally existing ceasefire, until the mid-2010s the Arab League and Israel had remained at odds with each other over many issues. The Syrian civil war reshuffled the situation near Israel's northern border, putting the ruling Syrian government, Hezbollah and the Syrian opposition at odds with each other and complicating their relations with Israel upon the emerging warfare with Iran. The conflict, since 2023 a war , between Israel and Hamas -ruled Gaza is also attributed to the Iran–Israel proxy conflict . By 2017, Israel and several Arab Sunni states led by Saudi Arabia formed a semi-official coalition to confront Iran. This move and the Israeli normalization with Gulf states was marked by some as the fading of the Arab–Israeli conflict. Revisiting the Yom Kippur War . Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars . The Jerusalem Post . 30 November 2020 . The Crossing of the Suez . The Aviationist . 24 June 2013 . Les officiers de Sa Majesté: Les dérives des généraux marocains 1956–2006 . The Evolution of the Soviet Use of Surrogates in Military Relations with the Third World, with Particular Emphasis on Cuban Participation in Africa . There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or templates on this page, but the references will not show without a template or template (see the help page ).