Wikipedia's first sentence called it “grandson of herbert samuel and thus also a second cousin of rosalind franklin”. Today it says “anglo - israeli chemist and neurobiologist”.
Measured, not asserted. Every count, date and revision on this page was taken from Wikipedia's own history and checked against the live article. The words quoted are theirs.
Machine-checked against the full current article on 2026-08-03.
We saved snapshots of this article over twenty years; you are reading the 2005 one. Red dashes: removed from Wikipedia since.Pale dots: rewritten; the numbered note shows what it says now.Red text: written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot.1 tap a number or a side note to jump between them
The opening as it read in 2005
David Samuel, 3rd Viscount Samuel , (born 1922 ) is the grandson of Herbert Samuel and thus also a second cousin of Rosalind Franklin .1 He was one of the founding fathers of the Faculty of Chemistry at the Weizmann Institute of Science . Late in his career, his scientific interests moved from physical chemistry (particularly chemical kinetics ) to neurobiology . He is the author of the book Memory: How We Use It, Lose It and Can Improve It .2He is almost certainly the only Israeli to have been a serving member of the British House of Lords .3
This is Wikipedia's own text, saved in our repository. Their copy of it is revision 17481213.
The opening as it stood in 2010 1 passage from the previous snapshot no longer appear
David Hebert Samuel, 3rd Viscount Samuel OBE ( ; born 8 July 1922) is the grandson of Herbert Samuel and thus also a second cousin of Rosalind Franklin .He was educated at Balliol College, Oxford and served in the Royal Artillery in the Second World War in India, Burma and Sumatra, reaching the rank of captain.He then commenced a distinguished academic career, and was one of the founding fathers of the Faculty of Chemistry at the Weizmann Institute of Science . Late in his career, his scientific interests moved from physical chemistry (particularly chemical kinetics ) to neurobiology . He is the author of the book Memory: How We Use It, Lose It and Can Improve It . ]. v t e
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 364931632.
The opening as it stood in 2015 1 passage from the previous snapshot no longer appear
Samuel was the son of Edwin Samuel, 2nd Viscount Samuel , and the grandson of Herbert Samuel, 1st Viscount Samuel .He was a second cousin of Rosalind Franklin . He was educated at Balliol College, Oxford , and served in the Royal Artillery in the Second World War in India, Burma and Sumatra, reaching the rank of captain. He then commenced a distinguished academic career, and was one of the founding fathers of the faculty of chemistry at the Weizmann Institute of Science . Late in his career, his scientific interests moved from physical chemistry (particularly chemical kinetics ) to neurobiology . He was the author of over 300 publications as well as the book Memory: How We Use It, Lose It and Can Improve It .
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 662727035.
The opening as it stood in 2020
Samuel was the son of Edwin Samuel, 2nd Viscount Samuel , and the grandson of Herbert Samuel, 1st Viscount Samuel . He was a second cousin of Rosalind Franklin . He was educated at Balliol College, Oxford , and served in the Royal Artillery in the Second World War in India, Burma and Sumatra, reaching the rank of captain. He then commenced a distinguished academic career, and was one of the founding fathers of the faculty of chemistry at the Weizmann Institute of Science . Late in his career, his scientific interests moved from physical chemistry (particularly chemical kinetics ) to neurobiology . He was the author of over 300 publications as well as the book Memory: How We Use It, Lose It and Can Improve It .
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 962619037.
The opening as it stood on October 6, 2023
Samuel was the son of Edwin Samuel, 2nd Viscount Samuel , and the grandson of the British-Jewish diplomat Herbert Samuel, 1st Viscount Samuel . He was a second cousin of Rosalind Franklin . He was educated at Balliol College, Oxford , and served in the Royal Artillery in the Second World War in India, Burma and Sumatra, reaching the rank of captain. He then commenced a distinguished academic career, and was one of the founding fathers of the faculty of chemistry at the Weizmann Institute of Science . Late in his career, his scientific interests moved from physical chemistry (particularly chemical kinetics ) to neurobiology . He was the author of over 300 publications as well as the book Memory: How We Use It, Lose It and Can Improve It . From 14 November 1978 until 11 November 1999 he was a member of the British House of Lords , although his only appearance in the official record, Hansard , was taking his oath in 1995.This made him the only Israeli who ever served in this capacity.
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 1176244390.
The opening as it stood in 2025
Anglo-Israeli chemist & neurobiologist (1922-2014) For other people with the same name, see David Samuel (disambiguation) .David Herbert Samuel, 3rd Viscount Samuel OBE ( Hebrew : דוד הרברט סמואל ; 8 July 1922 – 7 October 2014 ) was an Anglo - Israeli chemist and neurobiologist. Samuel was the son of Edwin Samuel, 2nd Viscount Samuel , and the grandson of the British-Jewish diplomat Herbert Samuel, 1st Viscount Samuel . He was a second cousin of Rosalind Franklin . He was educated at Balliol College, Oxford , and served in the Royal Artillery in the Second World War in India, Burma and Sumatra, reaching the rank of captain. He then commenced a distinguished academic career, and was one of the founding fathers of the faculty of chemistry at the Weizmann Institute of Science . Late in his career, his scientific interests moved from physical chemistry (particularly chemical kinetics ) to neurobiology . He was the author of over 300 publications as well as the book Memory: How We Use It, Lose It and Can Improve It . From 14 November 1978 until 11 November 1999 he was a member of the British House of Lords , although his only appearance in the official record, Hansard , was taking his oath in 1995. This made him the only Israeli who ever served in this capacity.
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 1274107822. This is our newest snapshot; the live article may have moved again since.
Today
Wikipedia's first sentence called it “grandson of herbert samuel and thus also a second cousin of rosalind franklin”. Today it says “anglo - israeli chemist and neurobiologist”. Read the current article and compare.
2005
2010
2015
2020
Oct '23
2025
Counts in the opening at each snapshot. Green: the word gained ground. Red: it was cut. Grey: no change.
What Wikipedia says this is
Every article opens by defining its subject. This one was redefined since 2005, and today's defining sentence is their current revision.
Then
grandson of herbert samuel and thus also a second cousin of rosalind franklin
Now
anglo - israeli chemist and neurobiologist
Struck red text is no longer in the article; dotted amber text was rewritten. Every revision id links to Wikipedia's copy; the text shown is our own saved copy. Data: /data. Wikipedia text is CC BY-SA; quoted for the record; not affiliated with Wikipedia.