Emil's older brother who refused to leave Germany was killed in the Holocaust .. Today: the act is described with no actor named. The one-line description Wikipedia serves to search engines and AI systems read “Rabi and philosopher (1916–2003)”. It now reads “German-born Canadian rabbi and philosopher (1916–2003)”.
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Machine-checked against the full current article on 2026-08-03.
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The opening as it read in 2005
Emil Fackenheim ( June 22 , 1916 – September 18 , 2003 ) was a noted Jewish philosopher and rabbi .1Born in Halle , Germany , he was arrested by the Nazis on the night of November 9 , 1938 , known as Kristallnacht . Briefly interned at the Sachsenhausen concentration camp (1938–1939), he managed to get away for Great Britain , where his parents later joined him. Emil's older brother who refused to leave Germany was killed in the Holocaust .2Held by the British as an enemy alien after the outbreak of World War II , Fackenheim was sent to Canada in 1940, where he received Ph.D. at University of Toronto (1945) and became Professor of Philosophy (1948–1984). Fackenheim researched the relationship of the Jews with God, believing that the Holocaust must be understood as an imperative requiring Jews to carry on Jewish existence and the survival of the State of Israel. He emigrated to Israel in 1984. "He was always saying that continuing Jewish life and denying Hitler a posthumous victory was the 614th law", referring to the 613 mitzvot given to the Jews in the Torah ( [1] ).3
This is Wikipedia's own text, saved in our repository. Their copy of it is revision 17095168.
The opening as it stood in 2010
Emil Ludwig Fackenheim, Ph.D (June 22, 1916 – September 18, 2003) was a noted Jewish philosopher and Reform rabbi . Born in Halle , Germany , he was arrested by the Nazis on the night of November 9, 1938, known as Kristallnacht . Briefly interned at the Sachsenhausen concentration camp (1938–1939), he escaped with his younger brother Wolfgang, to Great Britain where his parents later joined him.Emil's older brother Ernst-Alexander who refused to leave Germany, was killed in the Holocaust .Held by the British as an enemy alien after the outbreak of World War II , Fackenheim was sent to Canada in 1940, where he was interned at a remote internment camp near Sherbrooke , Quebec .He was freed afterwards and served as the Interim Rabbi at Temple Anshe Shalom in Hamilton , Ontario , from 1943 to 1948.After this he enrolled in the graduate Philosophy Department of the University of Toronto and received a Ph.D from the University of Toronto with a dissertation on Medieval Arabic Philosophy (1945) and became Professor of Philosophy (1948–1984). Fackenheim researched the relationship of the Jews with God, believing that the Holocaust must be understood as an imperative requiring Jews to carry on Jewish existence and the survival of the State of Israel. He emigrated to Israel in 1984. "He was always saying that continuing Jewish life and denying Hitler a posthumous victory was the 614th law", referring to the 613 mitzvot given to the Jews in the Torah .
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 368814168.
The opening as it stood in 2015
Emil Ludwig Fackenheim (22 June 1916 – 18 September 2003) was a noted Jewish philosopher and Reform rabbi .Born in Halle , Germany , he was arrested by Nazis on the night of 9 November 1938, known as Kristallnacht . Briefly interned at the Sachsenhausen concentration camp (1938–1939), he escaped with his younger brother Wolfgang to Great Britain , where his parents later joined him. Emil's older brother Ernst-Alexander, who refused to leave Germany, was killed in the Holocaust . Held by the British as an enemy alien after the outbreak of World War II , Fackenheim was sent to Canada in 1940, where he was interned at a remote internment camp near Sherbrooke , Quebec . He was freed afterward and served as the Interim Rabbi at Temple Anshe Shalom in Hamilton , Ontario , from 1943 to 1948. After this he enrolled in the graduate Philosophy Department of the University of Toronto and received a Ph.D. from the University of Toronto with a dissertation on Medieval Arabic Philosophy (1945) and became Professor of Philosophy (1948–1984). He was among the original Editorial Advisors of the scholarly journal Dionysius . Fackenheim researched the relationship of the Jews with God, believing that the Holocaust must be understood as an imperative requiring Jews to carry on Jewish existence and the survival of the State of Israel. He emigrated to Israel in 1984. "He was always saying that continuing Jewish life and denying Hitler a posthumous victory was the 614th law," referring to the 613 mitzvot given to the Jews in the Torah .
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 660595272.
The opening as it stood in 2020
Israeli philosopher Emil Ludwig Fackenheim (22 June 1916 – 18 September 2003) was a noted Jewish philosopher and Reform rabbi . Born in Halle , Germany , he was arrested by Nazis on the night of 9 November 1938, known as Kristallnacht . Briefly interned at the Sachsenhausen concentration camp (1938–1939), he escaped with his younger brother Wolfgang to Great Britain , where his parents later joined him. Emil's older brother Ernst-Alexander, who refused to leave Germany, was killed in the Holocaust . Held by the British as an enemy alien after the outbreak of World War II , Fackenheim was sent to Canada in 1940, where he was interned at a remote internment camp near Sherbrooke , Quebec . He was freed afterward and served as the Interim Rabbi at Temple Anshe Shalom in Hamilton , Ontario , from 1943 to 1948. After this he enrolled in the graduate philosophy department of the University of Toronto and received a PhD from the University of Toronto with a dissertation on medieval Arabic philosophy (1945) and became Professor of Philosophy (1948–1984). He was among the original Editorial Advisors of the scholarly journal Dionysius . In 1971, he received an honorary doctorate from Sir George Williams University , which later became Concordia University . Fackenheim researched the relationship of the Jews with God, believing that the Holocaust must be understood as an imperative requiring Jews to carry on Jewish existence and the survival of the State of Israel. He emigrated to Israel in 1984. "He was always saying that continuing Jewish life and denying Hitler a posthumous victory was the 614th law," referring to the 613 mitzvot given to the Jews in the Torah . "Jewish philosopher rabbi Emil Fackenheim dies at 87 - San Francisco Chronicle, 21 September 2003" .
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 953090247.
The opening as it stood on October 6, 2023
Israeli philosopher Emil Ludwig Fackenheim (22 June 1916 – 18 September 2003) was a Jewish philosopher and Reform rabbi . Born in Halle , Germany , he was arrested by Nazis on the night of 9 November 1938, known as Kristallnacht . Briefly interned at the Sachsenhausen concentration camp (1938–1939), he escaped with his younger brother Wolfgang to Great Britain , where his parents later joined him. Emil's older brother Ernst-Alexander, who refused to leave Germany, was killed in the Holocaust . Held by the British as an enemy alien after the outbreak of World War II , Fackenheim was sent to Canada in 1940, where he was interned at a remote internment camp near Sherbrooke , Quebec . He was freed afterward and served as the Interim Rabbi at Temple Anshe Shalom in Hamilton , Ontario , from 1943 to 1948. After this he enrolled in the graduate philosophy department of the University of Toronto and received a PhD from the University of Toronto with a dissertation on medieval Arabic philosophy (1945) and became Professor of Philosophy (1948–1984). He was among the original Editorial Advisors of the scholarly journal Dionysius . In 1971, he received an honorary doctorate from Sir George Williams University , which later became Concordia University . Fackenheim researched the relationship of the Jews with God, believing that the Holocaust must be understood as an imperative requiring Jews to carry on Jewish existence and the survival of the State of Israel. He emigrated to Israel in 1984. "He was always saying that continuing Jewish life and denying Hitler a posthumous victory was the 614th law," referring to the 613 mitzvot given to the Jews in the Torah . "Jewish philosopher rabbi Emil Fackenheim dies at 87 - San Francisco Chronicle, 21 September 2003" .
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 1173178354.
The opening as it stood in 2025 9 passages from the previous snapshot no longer appear
Rabi and philosopher (1916–2003) Emil Ludwig Fackenheim ( Hebrew : עמיל לודוויג פאקןהיים ; 22 June 1916 – 19 September 2003) was a Jewish philosopher and Reform rabbi . Born in Halle , Germany , he was arrested by Nazis on the night of 9 November 1938, known as Kristallnacht . Briefly interned at the Sachsenhausen concentration camp (1938–1939), he escaped with his younger brother Wolfgang to Great Britain , where his parents later joined him. Emil's older brother Ernst-Alexander, who refused to leave Germany, was killed in the Holocaust . The New York Times . p.
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 1294597253. This is our newest snapshot; the live article may have moved again since.
Today
Emil's older brother who refused to leave Germany was killed in the Holocaust .. Today: the act is described with no actor named. The one-line description Wikipedia serves to search engines and AI systems read “Rabi and philosopher (1916–2003)”. It now reads “German-born Canadian rabbi and philosopher (1916–2003)”. Read the current article and compare.
2005
2010
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Oct '23
2025
Counts in the opening at each snapshot. Green: the word gained ground. Red: it was cut. Grey: no change.
Sections that no longer exist
Present on October 6, 2023, absent today, with no near-matching heading in the current article and the article shorter overall, so this is not a renamed heading or a topic absorbed into a fuller treatment. 3 sections of 400 characters or more gone since October 6 2023, with the article 4,956 characters shorter.
Terminology
Intermarriage
Conclusion
Struck red text is no longer in the article; dotted amber text was rewritten. Every revision id links to Wikipedia's copy; the text shown is our own saved copy. Data: /data. Wikipedia text is CC BY-SA; quoted for the record; not affiliated with Wikipedia.