Wikipedia's first sentence called it “american historian known for her studies of the intellectual history of the victorian era”. Today it says “american historian”.
Measured, not asserted. Every count, date and revision on this page was taken from Wikipedia's own history and checked against the live article. The words quoted are theirs.
Machine-checked against the full current article on 2026-08-03.
We saved snapshots of this article over twenty years; you are reading the 2005 one. Red dashes: removed from Wikipedia since.Pale dots: rewritten; the numbered note shows what it says now.Red text: written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot.1 tap a number or a side note to jump between them
The opening as it read in 2005
Gertrude Himmelfarb (born August 8 1922 ) is an American historian known for her studies of the intellectual history of the Victorian era , particularly of Social Darwinism ; and as a conservative cultural critic . She is also known as an outspoken commentator, in relation to university education. She was born in Brooklyn, New York , and was educated at New Utrecht High School and Brooklyn College . Her doctoral work was at the University of Chicago . She is now Professor Emeritus of the Graduate School of the City University of New York . She married Irving Kristol in 1942, but has always written as an academic under her maiden name. Their son, William Kristol , is the chairman of the American right-wing think tank Project for the New American Century , or PNAC.1
This is Wikipedia's own text, saved in our repository. Their copy of it is revision 16549265.
The opening as it stood in 2010 7 passages from the previous snapshot no longer appear
Gertrude Himmelfarb (born August 8, 1922; also known as Bea Kristol ), has written extensively on intellectual history, with a focus on the Victorian era, as well as on contemporary society and culture.
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 368256952.
The opening as it stood in 2015
Gertrude Himmelfarb (born August 8, 1922), also known as Bea Kristol , is an American historian.She has written extensively on intellectual history , with a focus on Britain and the Victorian era , as well as on contemporary society and culture.In Berenbaum, Michael ; Skolnik, Fred (eds.).Gale Document Number: GALE|K2587508972. : |access-date= requires |url= ( help ) ; |format= requires |url= ( help ) ; External link in |chapterurl= ( help ) ; Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored ( |chapter-url= suggested) ( help ) Gale Biography in Context.
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 664460941.
The opening as it stood in 2020 3 passages from the previous snapshot no longer appear
American historian Gertrude Himmelfarb (August 8, 1922 – December 30, 2019), also known as Bea Kristol , was an American historian.She was a leader of conservative interpretations of history and historiography.She wrote extensively on intellectual history , with a focus on Great Britain and the Victorian era , as well as on contemporary society and culture.
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 965410467.
The opening as it stood on October 6, 2023
American historian (1922–2019) Gertrude Himmelfarb (August 8, 1922 – December 30, 2019), also known as Bea Kristol , was an American historian. She was a leader of conservative interpretations of history and historiography. She wrote extensively on intellectual history , with a focus on Great Britain and the Victorian era , as well as on contemporary society and culture.
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 1173543572.
The opening as it stood in 2025
American historian (1922–2019) Gertrude Himmelfarb (August 8, 1922 – December 30, 2019), also known as Bea Kristol , was an American historian. She was a leader of conservative interpretations of history and historiography. She wrote extensively on intellectual history , with a focus on Great Britain and the Victorian era , as well as on contemporary society and culture.
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 1296292495. This is our newest snapshot; the live article may have moved again since.
Today
Wikipedia's first sentence called it “american historian known for her studies of the intellectual history of the victorian era”. Today it says “american historian”. Read the current article and compare.
2005
2010
2015
2020
Oct '23
2025
Counts in the opening at each snapshot. Green: the word gained ground. Red: it was cut. Grey: no change.
What Wikipedia says this is
Every article opens by defining its subject. This one was redefined since 2005, and today's defining sentence is their current revision.
Then
american historian known for her studies of the intellectual history of the victorian era
Now
american historian
Struck red text is no longer in the article; dotted amber text was rewritten. Every revision id links to Wikipedia's copy; the text shown is our own saved copy. Data: /data. Wikipedia text is CC BY-SA; quoted for the record; not affiliated with Wikipedia.
