Wikipedia's first sentence called it “personal bodyguard established by al-hakam i”. Today it says “personal bodyguard unit of the caliphs during the umayyad and the abbasid periods”.
Found by software in Wikipedia's own edit history. Not yet read by hand. The quoted words are Wikipedia's.
Compared with the live article on 2026-08-04.
We saved snapshots of this article over twenty years; you are reading the 2015 one. Red dashes: removed from Wikipedia since.Pale dots: rewritten; the numbered note shows what it says now.Red text: written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot.1 tap a number or a side note to jump between them
The opening as it read in 2015
Haras ( ) was a personal bodyguard established by Al-Hakam I , the Umayyad Emir of Córdoba (796-822) in 805. The al-Haras were led by the Visigothic leader of the secular Christians in Cordoba, the Comes (Count) Rabi, son of Theodulf, who also served as the Emir's tax collector. Rabi was later removed and executed by crucifixion for alleged misappropriations. Beckwith has compared the al-Haras to other royal bodugyard units of Indo-European societies, generally referred to as Comitatus .1
This is Wikipedia's own text, saved in our repository. Their copy of it is revision 642032263.
The opening as it stood in 2020 4 passages from the previous snapshot no longer appear
The haras ( ; "the Guard") was a personal bodyguard unit of the caliphs during the Umayyad and the Abbasid Caliphate .The haras was also instituted in the Umayyad Emirate of Córdoba in present-day Spain.
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 963802703.
The opening as it stood on October 6, 2023
Personal bodyguards of the Caliphs Military unit The haras ( ; "the Guard") was a personal bodyguard unit of the caliphs during the Umayyads and the Abbasids .The haras was also instituted in the Emirate of Córdoba in present-day Spain.
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 1173226353.
The opening as it stood in 2025
Personal bodyguards of the Caliphs Military unit The haras ( Arabic : الحرس ; "the Guard") was a personal bodyguard unit of the caliphs during the Umayyads and the Abbasids . The haras was also instituted in the Emirate of Córdoba in contemporary Spain.
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 1291079609. This is our newest snapshot; the live article may have moved again since.
Today
Wikipedia's first sentence called it “personal bodyguard established by al-hakam i”. Today it says “personal bodyguard unit of the caliphs during the umayyad and the abbasid periods”. Read the current article and compare.
2015
2020
Oct '23
2025
Counts in the opening at each snapshot. Green: the word gained ground. Red: it was cut. Grey: no change.
What Wikipedia says this is
Every article opens by defining its subject. This one was redefined since 2015, and today's defining sentence is their current revision.
Then
personal bodyguard established by al-hakam i
Now
personal bodyguard unit of the caliphs during the umayyad and the abbasid periods
Struck red text is no longer in the article; dotted amber text was rewritten. Every revision id links to Wikipedia's copy; the text shown is our own saved copy. Data: /data. Wikipedia text is CC BY-SA; quoted for the record; not affiliated with Wikipedia.