Herod Antipas

Herod Antipas (short for Antipatros) (before 20 BC – after 39 AD) was a first century AD ruler of Galilee and Perea , who bore the title of tetrarch ("ruler of a quarter"). He is best known today for accounts in the New Testament of his role in events that led to the executions of John the Baptist and Jesus of Nazareth , and through their portrayal in modern media, such as film. After inheriting his territories when the kingdom of his father Herod the Great was divided upon his death in 4 BC, Antipas ruled them as a client state of the Roman Empire . He was responsible for building projects at Sepphoris and Betharamphtha , and more important for the construction of his capital Tiberias on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee . Named in honor of his patron, the emperor Tiberius , the city later became a center of rabbinic learning. Antipas divorced his first wife Phasaelis, the daughter of King Aretas IV of Nabatea , in favour of Herodias , who had formerly been married to his brother Herod Philip I . According to the New Testament Gospels , it was John the Baptist's condemnation of this arrangement that led Antipas to have him arrested; John was subsequently put to death. The Gospel of Luke states that when Jesus was brought before Pontius Pilate for trial, Pilate handed him over to Antipas, in whose territory Jesus had been active. However, Antipas sent him back to Pilate. The legal basis for these events, and the very historicity of Antipas' involvement in the trial, have been the subject of scholarly debate. Besides provoking his conflict with the Baptist, the tetrarch's divorce added a personal grievance to previous disputes with Aretas over territory on the border of Perea and Nabatea. The result was a war that proved disastrous for Antipas; a Roman counter-offensive was ordered by Tiberius, but abandoned upon that emperor's death in 37 AD. In 39 AD Antipas was accused by his nephew Agrippa I of conspiracy against the new Roman emperor Caligula , who sent him into exile in Gaul . Accompanied there by Herodias, he died at an unknown date.

Herod Antipater ( , Hērǭdēs Antipatros ; born before 20 BC – died after 39 AD), known by the nickname Antipas , was a 1st-century ruler of Galilee and Perea , who bore the title of tetrarch ("ruler of a quarter"). He is best known today for accounts in the New Testament of his role in events that led to the executions of John the Baptist and Jesus of Nazareth . After being named to the throne by Caesar Augustus upon the death of his father, Herod the Great , in 4 BC, and subsequent Ethnarch rule by his brother, Herod Archelaus , Antipas ruled Galilee and Perea as a client state of the Roman Empire . He was responsible for building projects at Sepphoris and Betharamphtha , and more important for the construction of his capital Tiberias on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee . Named in honor of his patron, the emperor Tiberius , the city later became a center of rabbinic learning. Antipas divorced his first wife Phasaelis, the daughter of King Aretas IV of Nabatea , in favour of Herodias , who had formerly been married to his brother Herod Philip I . (Antipas was Herod the Great's son by Malthace , while Herod II was his son by Mariamne II .) According to the New Testament Gospels , it was John the Baptist's condemnation of this arrangement that led Antipas to have him arrested; John was subsequently put to death. Besides provoking his conflict with the Baptizer, the tetrarch's divorce added a personal grievance to previous disputes with Aretas over territory on the border of Perea and Nabatea. The result was a war that proved disastrous for Antipas; a Roman counter-offensive was ordered by Tiberius, but abandoned upon that emperor's death in 37 AD. In 39 AD Antipas was accused by his nephew Agrippa I of conspiracy against the new Roman emperor Caligula , who sent him into exile in Gaul . Accompanied there by Herodias, he died at an unknown date. The Gospel of Luke states that Jesus was first brought before Pontius Pilate for trial, since Pilate was the governor of Roman Judea , which encompassed Jerusalem where Jesus was arrested . Pilate initially handed him over to Antipas, in whose territory Jesus had been most active, but Antipas sent him back to Pilate's court .

Herod Antipater ( , Hērǭdēs Antipatros ; born before 20 BC – died after 39 AD), known by the nickname Antipas , was a 1st-century ruler of Galilee and Perea , who bore the title of tetrarch ("ruler of a quarter") and is referred to as both "Herod the Tetrarch" and "King Herod" in the New Testament , although he never held the title of king. He is widely known today for accounts in the New Testament of his role in events that led to the executions of John the Baptist and Jesus of Nazareth . ( Matthew 14:1–12 ) After being recognized by Augustus upon the death of his father, Herod the Great (c. 4 BC/AD 1), and subsequently by his brother, the ethnarch Herod Archelaus , Antipas officially ruled Galilee and Perea as a client state of the Roman Empire . He was responsible for building projects at Sepphoris and Betharamphtha , and more important for the construction of his capital Tiberias on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee . Named in honor of his patron, the emperor Tiberius , the city later became a center of rabbinic learning. Antipas divorced his first wife Phasaelis, the daughter of King Aretas IV of Nabatea , in favour of Herodias , who had formerly been married to his half-brother Herod II . (Antipas was Herod the Great's son by Malthace , while Herod II was his son by Mariamne II .) According to the New Testament Gospels , it was John the Baptist's condemnation of this arrangement that led Antipas to have him arrested; John was subsequently put to death in Machaerus . Besides provoking his conflict with the Baptiser, the tetrarch's divorce added a personal grievance to previous disputes with Aretas over territory on the border of Perea and Nabatea. The result was a war that proved disastrous for Antipas; a Roman counter-offensive was ordered by Tiberius, but abandoned upon that emperor's death in 37 AD. In 39 AD Antipas was accused by his nephew Agrippa I of conspiracy against the new Roman emperor Caligula , who sent him into exile in Spain , according to Josephus . Accompanied there by Herodias, he died at an unknown date. The Gospel of Luke states that Jesus was first brought before Pontius Pilate for trial, since Pilate was the governor of Roman Judea , which encompassed Jerusalem where Jesus was arrested . Pilate initially handed him over to Antipas, in whose territory Jesus had been most active, but Antipas sent him back to Pilate's court . The Eternal City (Dallas: St. From Abraham to Paul: A Biblical Chronology (St. The Acts of the Apostles .

1st century AD tetrarch of Galilee and Perea (r. 1–39) Herod Antipas ( , Hērǭdēs Antipas ; c. 20 BC – c. 39 AD ) was a 1st-century ruler of Galilee and Perea . He bore the title of tetrarch ("ruler of a quarter") and is referred to as both "Herod the Tetrarch" and "King Herod" in the New Testament , although he never held the title of king. He was a son of Herod the Great and a grandson of Antipater the Idumaean . He is widely known today for accounts in the New Testament of his role in events that led to the executions of John the Baptist and Jesus of Nazareth ( Matthew 14 , Matthew 14:1–12 ). Following the death of his father in 4 BC, Herod Antipas was recognized as tetrarch by Caesar Augustus , and subsequently by his own brother, the ethnarch Herod Archelaus . Antipas officially ruled Galilee and Perea as a client state of the Roman Empire . He was responsible for building projects at Sepphoris and Betharamphtha , and for the construction of his capital Tiberias on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee . Named in honour of his patron, the emperor Tiberius , the city later became a centre of rabbinic learning after the Jewish-Roman wars (66–135 AD). Antipas divorced his first wife Phasaelis, the daughter of King Aretas IV of Nabatea , in favour of Herodias , who had formerly been married to his half-brother Herod II . (Antipas was Herod the Great's son by Malthace , while Herod II was his son by Mariamne II .) According to the New Testament Gospels , it was John the Baptist's condemnation of this arrangement that led Antipas to have him arrested; John was subsequently put to death in Machaerus . Besides provoking his conflict with John the Baptist, the tetrarch's divorce added a personal grievance to previous disputes with Aretas over territory on the border of Perea and Nabatea. The result was a war that proved disastrous for Antipas; a Roman counter-offensive was ordered by Tiberius, but abandoned upon that emperor's death in 37 AD. In 39 AD Antipas was accused by his nephew Agrippa I of conspiracy against the Roman emperor Caligula , who sent him into exile in Gaul , according to Josephus . Accompanied there by Herodias, he died at an unknown date. The Gospel of Luke states that Jesus was first brought before Pontius Pilate for trial, since Pilate was the governor of Roman Judea , which encompassed Jerusalem where Jesus was arrested . Pilate initially handed him over to Antipas, in whose territory Jesus had been most active, but Antipas sent him back to Pilate's court . At that "6:14–29 – John's Fate Recalled". The Eternal City , Dallas: St. From Abraham to Paul: A Biblical Chronology , St. The Acts of the Apostles .

1st century AD tetrarch of Galilee and Perea (r. 1–39) Herod Antipas ( Greek : Ἡρῴδης Ἀντίπας , Hērṓidēs Antípas ; c. 20 BC – c. 39 AD ) was a 1st-century ruler of Galilee and Perea . He bore the title of tetrarch ("ruler of a quarter") and is referred to as both " Herod the Tetrarch " and " King Herod " in the New Testament . He was a son of Herod the Great and a grandson of Antipater the Idumaean . He is widely known today for accounts in the New Testament of his role in events that led to the executions of John the Baptist and Jesus of Nazareth ( Matthew 14:1–12 , Luke 23:5–12 ). Following the death of his father (4 BC in Schürer's 1890 publication, 1 BC in much of the more recent scholarship, such as Jack Finegan , W. Filmer, and Andrew Steinmann ), Herod Antipas was recognized as tetrarch by Caesar Augustus and subsequently by his brother, the ethnarch Herod Archelaus . Antipas officially ruled Galilee and Perea as a client state of the Roman Empire . He was responsible for building projects at Sepphoris and Betharamphtha , and for the construction of his capital Tiberias on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee . Named in honour of his patron, the emperor Tiberius , the city later became a centre of rabbinic learning after the Jewish-Roman wars . Antipas divorced his first wife Phasa'el , the daughter of King Aretas IV of Nabatea , in favour of Herodias , who had formerly been married to his half-brother Herod II . (Antipas was Herod the Great's son by Malthace , while Herod II was his son by Mariamne II .) According to the New Testament Gospels , it was John the Baptist's condemnation of this arrangement that led Antipas to have him arrested; John was subsequently put to death in Machaerus . Besides provoking his conflict with John the Baptist, the tetrarch's divorce added a personal grievance to previous disputes with Aretas over territory on the border of Perea and Nabatea. The result was a war that proved disastrous for Antipas; a Roman counter-offensive was ordered by Tiberius but abandoned upon that emperor's death in 37. In 39 Antipas was accused by his nephew Agrippa I of conspiracy against Emperor Caligula , who sent him into exile in Gaul , according to Josephus . Accompanied there by Herodias, he died at an unknown date. The Gospel of Luke states that Jesus was first brought before Pontius Pilate for trial, since Pilate was the governor of Roman Judea , which encompassed Jerusalem where Jesus was arrested . Pilate initially handed him over to Antipas, in whose territory Jesus had been most active, but Antipas sent him back to Pilate's court . At that "6:14–29 – John's Fate Recalled". Emil Schürer, A History of the Jewish People in the Time of Jesus Christ , 5 vols., trans. Jack Finegan, A Handbook of Biblical Chronology rev. ed. From Abraham to Paul: A Biblical Chronology (2nd ed.). The Eternal City , Dallas: St. The Acts of the Apostles .