Ghazal

The ghazal ( Arabic / Pashto / Persian / Urdu : غزل ; ; ; ; ) is a poetic form consisting of rhyming couplets and a refrain , with each line sharing the same meter. A ghazal may be understood as a poetic expression of both the pain of loss or separation and the beauty of love in spite of that pain. The form is ancient, originating in 6th century pre-Islamic Arabic verse . It is derived from the Arabian panegyric qasida . The structural requirements of the ghazal are similar in stringency to those of the Petrarchan sonnet . In its style and content it is a genre which has proved capable of an extraordinary variety of expression around its central themes of love and separation. It is one of the principal poetic forms which the Indo-Perso-Arabic civilization offered to the eastern Islamic world. The ghazal spread into South Asia in the 12th century under the influence of the new Islamic Sultanate courts and Sufi mystics. Although the ghazal is most prominently a form of Persian and Urdu poetry , today it is found in the poetry of many languages. Ghazals were written by the Persian mystics and poets Jalal al-Din Muhammad Rumi (13th century) and Hafez (14th century), the Azeri poet Fuzuli (16th century), as well as Mirza Ghalib (1797–1869) and Muhammad Iqbal (1877–1938), both of whom wrote ghazals in Persian and Urdu . Through the influence of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749–1832), the ghazal became very popular in Germany in the 19th century, and the form was used extensively by Friedrich Rückert (1788–1866) and August von Platen (1796–1835). The Kashmiri - American poet Agha Shahid Ali was a proponent of the form, both in English and in other languages; he edited a volume of "real ghazals in English". In some ghazals the poet's name is featured somewhere in the last verse (a convention known as takhallus ).

The ghazal is a poetic form consisting of rhyming couplets and a refrain , with each line sharing the same meter. A ghazal may be understood as a poetic expression of both the pain of loss or separation and the beauty of love in spite of that pain. The form is ancient, originating in Arabic poetry in Arabia long before the birth of Islam. The term Ghazal is of North African and Middle Eastern origin. Its root term in Arabic is " gh-zl " and is derived from the Arabian panegyric qasida . The structural requirements of the ghazal are similar in stringency to those of the Petrarchan sonnet . In style and content it is a genre that has proved capable of an extraordinary variety of expression around its central themes of love and separation. It is one of the principal poetic forms which the Indo-Perso-Arabic civilization offered to the eastern Islamic world . The ghazal spread into South Asia in the 12th century due to the influence of Sufi mystics and the courts of the new Islamic Sultanate . Although the ghazal is most prominently a form of Dari poetry and Urdu poetry , today it is found in the poetry of many languages of the Indian sub-continent. Ghazals were written by Rumi and Hafiz of Persia ; the Azeri poet Fuzûlî in the Ottoman Empire ; Mirza Ghalib and Muhammad Iqbal of North India ; and Kazi Nazrul Islam of Bengal . Through the influence of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749–1832), the ghazal became very popular in Germany during the 19th century; the form was used extensively by Friedrich Rückert (1788–1866) and August von Platen (1796–1835). The Indian American poet Agha Shahid Ali was a proponent of the form, both in English and in other languages; he edited a volume of "real ghazals in English". It is common in ghazals for the poet's name (known as takhallus ) to be featured in the last verse (a convention known as the Maqta ).

Form of poetry of many languages of the Indian Subcontinent and Turkey An illustrated headpiece from a mid-18th century collection of ghazals and rubāʻīyāt The ghazal ( , , Urdu : غزَل , , , , , , ) is a form of amatory poem or ode, originating in Arabic poetry . A ghazal may be understood as a poetic expression of both the pain of loss or separation and the beauty of love in spite of that pain. The ghazal form is ancient, tracing its origins to 7th-century Arabic poetry. The ghazal spread into South Asia in the 12th century due to the influence of Sufi mystics and the courts of the new Islamic Sultanate , and is now most prominently a form of poetry of many languages of the Indian subcontinent and Turkey . A ghazal commonly consists of five to fifteen couplets, which are independent, but are linked – abstractly, in their theme; and more strictly in their poetic form. The structural requirements of the ghazal are similar in stringency to those of the Petrarchan sonnet . In style and content, due to its highly allusive nature, the ghazal has proved capable of an extraordinary variety of expression around its central themes of love and separation.

Form of poetry of many languages, originating in Arabic This article is about the poetic form. An illustrated headpiece from a mid-18th century collection of ghazals and rubāʻīyāt The ghazal is a form of amatory poem or ode, originating in Arabic poetry . Ghazals often deal with topics of spiritual and romantic love and may be understood as a poetic expression of both the pain of loss or separation from the beloved and the beauty of love in spite of that pain. The ghazal form is ancient, tracing its origins to 7th-century Arabic poetry. The ghazal spread into South Asia in the 12th century due to the influence of Sufi mystics and the courts of the new Islamic Sultanate , and is now most prominently a form of poetry of many languages of the Indian subcontinent and Turkey . A ghazal commonly consists of five to fifteen couplets, which are independent, but are linked – abstractly, in their theme; and more strictly in their poetic form. The structural requirements of the ghazal are similar in stringency to those of the Petrarchan sonnet . In style and content, due to its highly allusive nature, the ghazal has proved capable of an extraordinary variety of expression around its central themes of love and separation. There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or templates on this page, but the references will not show without a template or template (see the help page ).

Poetic form in many languages, originating in Arabic poetry and developed in Persian tradition This article is about the poetic form. An illustrated headpiece from a mid-18th century collection of ghazals and rubāʻīyāt Ghazal is a form of amatory poem or ode, originating in Arabic poetry that often deals with topics of spiritual and romantic love. It may be understood as a poetic expression of both the pain of loss, or separation from the beloved, and the beauty of love in spite of that pain. The ghazal form is ancient, tracing its origins to 7th-century Arabic poetry. It spread into the Indian subcontinent in the 12th century due to the influence of Sufi mystics and the courts of the new Islamic Sultanate , and is now most prominently a form of poetry of many languages of South Asia and Turkey . A poem of ghazal commonly consists of five to fifteen couplets, which are independent, but are linked – abstractly, in their theme; and more strictly in their poetic form. The structural requirements of ghazal are similar in stringency to those of the Petrarchan sonnet . In style and content, due to its highly allusive nature, ghazal has proved capable of an extraordinary variety of expression around its central themes of love and separation. There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or templates on this page, but the references will not show without a template or template (see the help page ).