Marcion of Sinope

Marcion of Sinope (Greek: Μαρκίων Σῐνώπην, ca. 85-160) was an Early Christian theologian , cleric and one of the most prominent heretics in early Christianity . His theology , which juxtaposed two distinct deities of the Old and the New Testament , was denounced by the Church Fathers and he was excommunicated . His rejection of most biblical books prompted the church to set out to develop the bible canon .

Apostle John (left) and Marcion of Sinope (right), from Morgan Library MS 748, 11th century Marcion of Sinope ( / ˈ m ɑːr ʃ ə n , - ʃ i ən , - s i ən / ; Greek : Μαρκίων Σινώπης; c. 85 – c. 160) was an important leader in early Christianity . His theology rejected the deity described in the Hebrew Scriptures and in distinction affirmed the Father of Christ as the true God . The Church Fathers denounced Marcion, and he chose to separate himself from the proto-orthodox church . He is often considered a catalyst in the development of the New Testament canon .

Early Christian theologian excommunicated from the proto-orthodox Church "Marcion" redirects here. Marcion of Sinope ( / ˈ m ɑːr ʃ ə n , - ʃ i ən , - s i ən / ; Greek : Μαρκίων Σινώπης ; c. 85 – c. 160) was an important figure in early Christianity . Marcion preached that the god who sent Jesus into the world was a different, higher deity than the creator god of Judaism . He considered himself a follower of Paul the Apostle , who he believed to have been the only true apostle of Jesus Christ. He published the earliest extant fixed collection of New Testament books Making him a vital figure in the development of Christian history. Church Fathers such as Justin Martyr , Irenaeus , and Tertullian denounced Marcion as a heretic , and he was excommunicated by the church of Rome around 144 CE. He published the first known canon of Christian scriptures, which contained ten Pauline epistles (the Pastoral epistles weren't included) and a shorter version of the Gospel of Luke . This made him a catalyst in the process of the development of the New Testament canon by forcing the proto-orthodox Church to respond to his canon. A general survey of the History of the Canon of the New Testament, during the first four centuries . There are <ref group=note> tags on this page, but the references will not show without a template (see the help page ).

Marcion of Sinope ( / ˈ m ɑːr k i ə n , - s i ə n / ; Σινώπης ; c. 85 – c. 160 ) was an early Christian theologian in early Christianity . Marcion preached that God had sent Jesus Christ , who was an entirely new, alien god, distinct from the "vengeful" God ( Demiurge ) who had created the world. He considered himself a follower of Paul the Apostle , whom he believed to have been the only true apostle of Jesus Christ; his doctrine is called Marcionism . Marcion published the earliest record of a canon of New Testament books. Early Church Fathers such as Justin Martyr , Irenaeus , and Tertullian denounced Marcion as a heretic or antichrist, and he was excommunicated by the church of Rome around 144. He published his own canon of Christian sacred scriptures , which contained ten Pauline epistles (the Pastoral epistles were not included) and the Gospel of Marcion which historically is claimed to be an edited version of the Gospel of Luke . Some modern scholars have theorized that Marcion's Gospel was the oldest , although this has received criticism . This made Marcionism a catalyst in the process of the development of the New Testament canon by forcing the proto-orthodox Church to respond to his canon. " "The Apostle of the Heretics": Paul, Valentinus, and Marcion" . In Porter, Stanley E. ; Yoon, David (eds.). A general survey of the History of the Canon of the New Testament, during the first four centuries . Early Controversies and the Growth of Christianity . There are <ref group=note> tags on this page, but the references will not show without a template (see the help page ).

Marcion of Sinope ( / ˈ m ɑːr k i ə n , - s i ə n / ; Ancient Greek : Μαρκίων Σινώπης ; c. 85 – c. 160 ) was a theologian in early Christianity . Marcion preached that God had sent Jesus Christ , who was distinct from the "vengeful" God ( Demiurge ) who had created the world. He considered himself a follower of Paul the Apostle , whom he believed to have been the only true apostle of Jesus Christ; his doctrine is called Marcionism . Marcion published the earliest record of a canon of New Testament books. Early Church writers such as Justin Martyr , Irenaeus , and Tertullian denounced Marcion as a heretic or antichrist, and he was excommunicated by the church of Rome around 144. He published his own canon of Christian sacred scriptures , which contained ten Pauline epistles (including the Epistle to the Laodiceans , while excluding the Pastoral epistles ) and the Gospel of Marcion which historically is claimed to be an edited version of the Gospel of Luke . Some modern scholars, such as Matthias Klinghardt , have theorized that Marcion's Gospel was the oldest , although this has been contested . This made Marcionism a catalyst in the process of the development of the New Testament canon by forcing the proto-orthodox Church to respond to his canon. " "The Apostle of the Heretics": Paul, Valentinus, and Marcion" . In Porter, Stanley E. ; Yoon, David (eds.). A general survey of the History of the Canon of the New Testament, during the first four centuries . Early Controversies and the Growth of Christianity . Matthias Klinghardt (2015) Das älteste Evangelium und die Entstehung der kanonischen Evangelien , Francke Verlag; Translated as Klinghardt, Matthias (2021). The Oldest Gospel and the Formation of the Canonical Gospels . There are <ref group=note> tags on this page, but the references will not show without a template (see the help page ).