Mashriq

The Mashriq or Mashreq (also in use: Mashrek ) ( Arabic : مشرق) is, generally speaking, the region of Arabic-speaking countries to the east of Egypt and north of the Arabian Peninsula . It is derived from the Arabic consonantal root sh-r-q (ش ر ق) relating to the east or the sunrise, and essentially means "east" (most literally or poetically, "place of sunrise"). It refers to a large area in the Middle East , bounded between the Mediterranean Sea and Iran . It is therefore the companion term to Maghreb (مغرب), meaning "west" (a reference to the Arabic-speaking countries in the west of North Africa ). Egypt occupies an ambiguous position: while it has cultural, ethnic and linguistic ties to both the Mashriq and the Maghreb, it is unique and different from both. Thus, it is usually seen as being part of neither; however, when it is grouped with one or the other, it is generally considered part of the Mashriq on account of its closer ties to the Levant (Egypt and the Levant were often ruled as a single unit, as under the Ancient Egyptian New Kingdom , the Umayyad Caliphate , Abbasid Caliphate , the Fatimid Caliphate , the Ayyubid dynasty , the Mamluks , and for a time under Muhammad Ali Pasha ) and similarity between the Egyptian and near Levantine dialects. These geographical terms date from the early Islamic conquests. Map of the Mashriq in 1600 AD under the Ottoman Empire . This region is somewhat synonymous with Bilad al-Sham , but also includes Iraq and Kuwait . It is occasionally used as a synonym for "non-Maghreb" and in these instances includes Egypt , Sudan , and the Arabian Peninsula.

The Mashriq ( مشرق , also Mashreq , Mashrek ) is the region of Arab countries to the east of Libya . This composes the countries of Egypt, Lebanon , Palestine , Jordan , and Syria . Poetically the ‘place of sunrise’, the name is derived from the verb sharaqa ( شرق ‘to shine, illuminate, radiate’ and ‘to rise’), referring to the direction where the sun rises, namely, the east. As it refers to countries bounded between the Mediterranean Sea and Iran , it is therefore the companion term to Maghreb (western part of North Africa ). Egypt occupies an ambiguous position: while it has cultural, ethnic and linguistic ties to both the Mashriq and the Maghreb, it is unique and different from both. Therefore, Egypt is located at the center/heart of the Arab world and that is why the headquarters of the Arab League is located in the Egyptian capital of Cairo . Thus, it is usually seen as being part of neither; however, when it is grouped with one or the other, it is generally considered part of the Mashriq on account of its closer ties to the Levant . Egypt and the Levant were often ruled as a single unit, as under the ancient Egyptian New Kingdom , the Umayyad , Abbasid , the Fatimid caliphates, the Ayyubid dynasty , the Mamluks , and for a time under Muhammad Ali Pasha . There are also similarities between the Egyptian and the nearby Levantine dialects . Similarly, Libya is finds itself bifurcated between Mashriq and Maghrib influences, with its eastern part linked more to Egypt and the rest to the Mashriq. These geographical terms date from the early Islamic expansion. This region is similar to the Bilad al-Sham and Mesopotamia regions combined. As the Mashriq is home to several pilgrimage sites, some Muslims elsewhere view it as a source of religious legitimacy. Mashriqi learning is also esteemed by scholars from the Maghrib. As of 2014 , the Mashriq is home to 1.7% of the global population. African Folklore: An Encyclopedia . The Maghrib in Question: Essays in History and Historiography . In Julia Clancy-Smith (ed.). North Africa, Islam and the Mediterranean World . The Mashriq always represented for the Maghribis a source of religious legitimacy. It was the land of divine revelation. In Julia Clancy-Smith (ed.). North Africa, Islam and the Mediterranean World . [...] the respect Maghribis had for the religious authorities of the Arab East. In reality one of the basic motivations that drove Maghribi scholars eastward was their eagerness to meet these authorities and benefit from their knowledge. Official estimate of the Population of Egypt UN estimate for Lebanon "New Page 1" . Official estimate of the population of Palestine UN estimate for Syria "Iraq" .

The Eastern part of the Arab world Map depicting the area most conservatively known as the Mashriq The Mashriq ( ), sometimes spelled Mashreq or Mashrek , is the eastern part of the Arab world , located in Western Asia and eastern North Africa . This comprises the Arab states of Bahrain , Egypt , Iraq , Jordan , Kuwait , Lebanon , Oman , Palestine , Qatar , Saudi Arabia , Sudan , Syria , the United Arab Emirates and Yemen . Poetically, the "Place of Sunrise", the name is derived from the verb sharaqa ( "to shine, illuminate, radiate" and "to rise"), referring to the east, where the Sun rises.

The Eastern part of the Arab world Map depicting the area most conservatively known as the Mashriq The Mashriq ( ), also known as the Arab Mashriq ( ), sometimes spelled Mashreq or Mashrek , is a term used by Arabs to refer to the eastern part of the Arab world , located in Western Asia and eastern North Africa . Poetically the "Place of Sunrise", the name is derived from the verb sharaqa ( "to shine, illuminate, radiate" and "to rise"), from sh-r-q root (ش-ر-ق), referring to the east, where the sun rises. The region includes the Arab-majority states of Bahrain , Egypt , Iraq , Jordan , Kuwait , Lebanon , Libya , Oman , Qatar , Saudi Arabia , Sudan , the State of Palestine , Syria , the United Arab Emirates , and Yemen . " "السلفية في المشرق العربي" من كتاب "الحركات الإسلامية في الوطن العربي" | مدونة جدران" . "لماذا يستثنى الأردن من التقسيم؟ الوضع الداخلي هو العنصر الحاسم*فهد الخيطان" [Why is Jordan exempted from the division? African Folklore: An Encyclopedia . The Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names (4th ed.).

Eastern part of the Arab world "Mashreq" redirects here. The Mashriq ( / m ə ˈ ʃ r iː k / ; Arabic : ْاَلْمَشْرِق , romanized : al-Mashriq , lit. ' the east ' ), also known as the Arab Mashriq ( Arabic : اَلْمَشْرِقُ الْعَرَبِيُّ , romanized : al-Mashriq al-ʿArabi , lit. ' the Arab east ' ), sometimes spelled Mashreq or Mashrek , is a term used by Arabs to refer to the eastern part of the Arab world , as opposed to the Maghreb (western) region, and located in West Asia and eastern North Africa . It is the Arabic equivalent for the term Middle East . Poetically the "Place of Sunrise", the name is derived from the verb sharaqa ( َشَرَق , "to shine, illuminate, radiate" and "to rise"), from the sh-r-q root ( ش-ر-ق ), referring to the east, where the sun rises. The region includes the Arab-majority states of Bahrain , Egypt , Iraq , Jordan , Kuwait , Lebanon , Oman , Palestine , Qatar , Saudi Arabia , Sudan , Syria , the United Arab Emirates , and Yemen . The Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names (4th ed.). African Folklore: An Encyclopedia . The Maghrib in Question: Essays in History and Historiography .