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Michael Armand Hammer

Wikipedia's first sentence called it “son of julian armand hammer and the grandson of american industrialist and philanthropist armand hammer”. Today it says “american businessman”.
Measured, not asserted. Every count, date and revision on this page was taken from Wikipedia's own history and checked against the live article. The words quoted are theirs.
Machine-checked against the full current article on 2026-08-03.
We saved snapshots of this article over twenty years; you are reading the October 6, 2023 one. Red dashes: removed from Wikipedia since. Pale dots: rewritten; the numbered note shows what it says now. 1 tap a number or a side note to jump between them
The opening as it read in October 6, 2023

Michael Hammer, see Michael Hammer (disambiguation) . He was the son of Julian Armand Hammer and the grandson of industrialist Armand Hammer . Best known for his ties to Occidental Petroleum , the company of his late grandfather, Hammer oversaw the Hammer International Foundation, the Armand Hammer Foundation, and owned numerous businesses that included Hammer Galleries, and Hammer Productions, a television and film production company located in Los Angeles , California . Hammer sat on the board of directors and the executive committee for the Los Angeles Dream Center , and also served on the Investment Committee and Board of Reference for Oral Roberts University . Hammer was the owner and chief executive of the Knoedler , an art dealership in New York City, which closed in 2011 after purchasing and reselling $80 million in forged paintings bearing the signature of abstract expressionists such as Mark Rothko and Jackson Pollock .

This is Wikipedia's own text, saved in our repository. Their copy of it is revision 1140401486.
Today
Wikipedia's first sentence called it “son of julian armand hammer and the grandson of american industrialist and philanthropist armand hammer”. Today it says “american businessman”. Read the current article and compare.
201020152020Oct '232025
Counts in the opening at each snapshot. Green: the word gained ground. Red: it was cut. Grey: no change.

What Wikipedia says this is

Every article opens by defining its subject. This one was redefined since 2010, and today's defining sentence is their current revision.

Then

son of julian armand hammer and the grandson of american industrialist and philanthropist armand hammer

Now

american businessman

Struck red text is no longer in the article; dotted amber text was rewritten. Every revision id links to Wikipedia's copy; the text shown is our own saved copy. Data: /data. Wikipedia text is CC BY-SA; quoted for the record; not affiliated with Wikipedia.

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