Wikipedia's first sentence called it “prominent provençal rabbi and talmudist”. Today it says “prominent provençal rabbi”.
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Machine-checked against the full current article on 2026-08-03.
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The opening as it read in 2010
Moses ben Joseph ben Merwan ha-Levi (flourished about the middle of the twelfth century) was a prominent Provençal rabbi and Talmudist . He was a nephew and pupil of Isaac ben Merwan ha-Levi . His colleagues addressed him as "Great scholar, Nasi Rabbi Moses," and his ritual decisions and Talmudic comments are often quoted. He directed the yeshibah at Narbonne , several of his pupils subsequently achieving fame. Abraham ben David of Posquières and Zerahiah Gerondi were among his pupils. He was in continuous correspondence with his younger colleague Abraham ben Isaac , ab bet din, who was his pupil and who by preference sought Moses' advice in difficult casuistic questions. Jacob ben Moses of Bagnols quotes a document relating to a divorce drawn up at Narbonne in 1134 and signed by the "great rabbi Moses ben Joseph and by Eliezer ben Zechariah ." Gross identifies this Moses ben Joseph with Moses ben Joseph Merwan. If this identification is correct, Moses was one of the foremost cabalists of southern France, as Jacob's words in the passage cited indicate, although Moses is not otherwise known as a mystic.1
This is Wikipedia's own text, saved in our repository. Their copy of it is revision 357011686.
The opening as it stood in 2020 8 passages from the previous snapshot no longer appear
Moses ben Joseph ben Merwan ha-Levi (Also known as Moses Halavi ) flourished about the mid-12th or 13th century and was a prominent Provençal rabbi , Philosopher , and Talmudist .Crescas on the Problem of Divine Attributes .Dropsie college for Hebrew and cognate learning.The Oxford Dictionary of the Jewish Religion .
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 924577559.
The opening as it stood on October 6, 2023
12th-century Provençal rabbi, philosopher and Talmudist Moses ben Joseph ben Merwan ha-Levi (Also known as Moses Halavi ) flourished about the mid-12th century and was a prominent Provençal rabbi , Philosopher , and Talmudist . Crescas on the Problem of Divine Attributes . Dropsie college for Hebrew and cognate learning. The Oxford Dictionary of the Jewish Religion .
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 1149734934.
The opening as it stood in 2025
12th-century Provençal rabbi, philosopher and Talmudist Moses ben Joseph ben Merwan ha-Levi (Also known as Moses Halavi or ha-Lawi or simply, Allawi ) flourished about the mid-12th century and was a prominent Provençal rabbi , philosopher , and talmudist . Crescas on the Problem of Divine Attributes . Dropsie college for Hebrew and cognate learning. The Oxford Dictionary of the Jewish Religion .
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 1293532999. This is our newest snapshot; the live article may have moved again since.
Today
Wikipedia's first sentence called it “prominent provençal rabbi and talmudist”. Today it says “prominent provençal rabbi”. Read the current article and compare.
2010
2015
2020
Oct '23
2025
Counts in the opening at each snapshot. Green: the word gained ground. Red: it was cut. Grey: no change.
What Wikipedia says this is
Every article opens by defining its subject. This one was redefined since 2010, and today's defining sentence is their current revision.
Then
prominent provençal rabbi and talmudist
Now
prominent provençal rabbi
Struck red text is no longer in the article; dotted amber text was rewritten. Every revision id links to Wikipedia's copy; the text shown is our own saved copy. Data: /data. Wikipedia text is CC BY-SA; quoted for the record; not affiliated with Wikipedia.
