The word “resistance” appeared 1 times in this article's opening at its peak in 2005. Today the opening carries none, and neither does the rest of the article, references included.
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Machine-checked against the full current article on 2026-08-02. “resistance” appeared 1 times in this article's opening at its peak. Today it appears nowhere in the article, references included.
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The opening as it read in 2005
The Shardana are one of several groups of "Sea Peoples" who appear in fragmentary historical records ( Egyptian inscriptions) for the Mediterranean region in the second millennium B.C.; very little is known for sure about them, while a certain sort of legend is being increasingly developed.1It seems that Rameses II defeated them and selected some of these warriors for his personal guard. They have been associated with Sardinia , principally for two reasons: primarily, "Sard", the obscure linguistic root of the name of the island (most of the ancient history of Sardinia owes important passages to this science) might come from the name of this people, perhaps both being related with the name of Sardis , in Lydia (but there is a different theory that derives the name of Sardis from "Shfart", allegedly related with Sparta ). Secondarily, it is commonly supposed that the mysterious civilisation of Nuragici people could have come from other areas of the eastern Mediterranean Sea (it is quite commonly agreed that Sardinia had no autochthonous population), the same areas from which it is supposed Shardana could have come from, due to particular retrievals or discoveries (in Anthropology too) which showed notable similarities in the two regions. Proposers of these theories (that include archaeologist Giovanni Ugas and - even if not explicitly - Prof. Massimo Pittau , who suggests at least an assertive assonance in calling the first Sardinian language " lingua Sardiana ") stress that at the time of Obsidian commerce, Sardinians necessarily had to be skilled sailors, having reached France and northern Africa: notably, among the many archaeological retrievals from nuragic civilisation, there are some ships, in fact, whose essential elements could recall some elements of the later phoenician ships. Moreover, in a very distant field, recent studies by geneticists on the DNA of inhabitants of the inner areas of the island, tend to confirm the presence of some elements which would be in common with those of people from Anatolia ; this has been seen as a further step in the direction of identifying the provenance of ancient Sardinians from a determined area of the Mediterranean. The fusion of these theories invites to conclude that a people of skilled sailors left from Eastern Mediterranean to reach Sardinia and established themselves there. They very probably could have found some resistance in their way to it, or it is also possible that they were explorers, so it is likely that only a warrior people, like at that age Shardana were, could have organised such an expedition, therefore some theoretical coincidences (enforced, as said, by linguistic considerations) could allow to assume that Shardana first populated Sardinia. Honestly, historical dates and ages of the few proofs of their existence could not be completely compatible with these suppositions, which would require that Shardana had travelled well before the age of obsidian commerce, but it is also true that the said fragments in which Shardana are named could have been copies of previous documents, or simply talking about previous facts (or legends). Also, the proposed relationship with the people of Sargon (or Sardon) seems too recent (2450 BC), still with reference to the obsidian commerce. Time differences, more probably, could rather reveal a certain interaction (or even a coincidence) between Shardana and Nuragici people. In this sense the alleged similarities could find a more concrete confirmation, and the assault against Cyprus , described as brought by Sardinians in Simonides of Ceo's scripts (as reported by Zenobius ), could allow this hypothesis. Anyhow, little serious literature is available on the topic, due to the very few valid elements available; most of what recently published seems to be more related to local nationalistic or however political purposes. Perhaps, the most serious discussions might regard some hypotheses that have been proposed about the supposedly related origins of Vikings ' ships. This theory has however been discredited by some authors.2
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The Sherden (also known as Serden or Shardana) are one of several groups of " Sea Peoples " who appear in fragmentary historical records ( Egyptian inscriptions) for the Mediterranean region in the second millennium B.C.; little is known about them.On reliefs they are shown carrying a round shield and a long thrusting Naue II type sword .They are shown wearing a complicated armour corselet of overlapping bands of either leather or metal, and a horned helmet surmounted with a balled spike at the top.At Medinet Habu the corselet appears similar to that worn by the Philistines and is similar, though not identical, to that found in tomb 12 at Dendra where Mycenaean IIB-IIIA pottery dates it to the second half of the fifteenth century BCE.The Sherden sword, it has been suggested by archaeologists since James Henry Breasted , may have developed from an enlargement of European daggers, and been associated with the exploitation of Bohemian tin.Robert Drews has recently suggested that use of this weapon amongst groups of Sharden and Philistine mercenaries made them capable of withstanding attacks by chariotry, making them valuable allies in warfare.
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The Sherden in battle as depicted at Medinet Habu The Sherden (Egyptian šrdn , š3rd3n3 or š3rdyn3 , Ugaritic šrdnn(m) and trtn(m) , possibly Akkadian še–er–ta–an–nu ; also glossed “Shardana” or “Sherdanu”) are one of several groups of " Sea Peoples " who appear in fragmentary historical and iconographic records ( Egyptian and Ugaritic ) from the Eastern Mediterranean in the late second millennium BCE.On reliefs they are shown carrying a round shield and spear , dirk , or sword , perhaps of Naue II type.In some cases they are shown wearing corselets and kilts, but their key distinguishing feature is a horned helmet which, in all cases but three, features a circular accouterment at the crest. At Medinet Habu the corselet appears similar to that worn by the Philistines . The Sherden sword, it has been suggested by archaeologists since James Henry Breasted , may have developed from an enlargement of European daggers, and been associated with the exploitation of Bohemian tin. Robert Drews has recently suggested that use of this weapon amongst groups of Sherden and Philistine mercenaries made them capable of withstanding attacks by chariotry, making them valuable allies in warfare, though Drews' theory has been widely criticized by contemporary scholars.
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 666489568.
The opening as it stood in 2020 1 passage from the previous snapshot no longer appear
The Sherden in battle as depicted at Medinet Habu The Sherden ( Egyptian : šrdn , šꜣrdꜣnꜣ or šꜣrdynꜣ , Ugaritic : šrdnn(m) and trtn(m) , possibly Akkadian : še–er–ta–an–nu ; also glossed “Shardana” or “Sherdanu”) are one of the several ethnic groups the Sea Peoples were said to be composed of, appearing in fragmentary historical and iconographic records ( ancient Egyptian and Ugaritic ) from the eastern Mediterranean in the late 2nd millennium BC.On reliefs, they are shown carrying round shields and spears , dirks or swords , perhaps of Naue II type. In some cases, they are shown wearing corselets and kilts, but their key distinguishing feature is a horned helmet , which, in all cases but three, features a circular accouterment at the crest. At Medinet Habu the corselet appears similar to that worn by the Philistines . The Sherden sword, it has been suggested by archaeologists since James Henry Breasted , may have developed from an enlargement of European daggers and been associated with the exploitation of Bohemian tin. Robert Drews suggested that use of this weapon by groups of Sherden and Philistine mercenaries made them capable of withstanding attacks by chariotry and so made them valuable allies in warfare, but Drews's theory has been widely criticised by contemporary scholars.The End of Bronze Age ."Review of Robert Drews' 'The End of the Bronze Age: Changes in warfare and the catastrophe ca. 1200 B.C.' ".Polemos: Le Contexte Guerrier en Egee a l'Age du Bronze .
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 956672035.
The opening as it stood on October 6, 2023
2nd millenium BC Mediterranean ethnic group The Sherden in battle as depicted at Medinet Habu The Sherden ( Egyptian : šrdn , šꜣrdꜣnꜣ or šꜣrdynꜣ ; Ugaritic : šrdnn(m) and trtn(m) ; possibly Akkadian : šêrtânnu ; also glossed “Shardana” or “Sherdanu”) are one of the several ethnic groups the Sea Peoples were said to be composed of, appearing in fragmentary historical and iconographic records ( ancient Egyptian and Ugaritic ) from the Eastern Mediterranean in the late 2nd millennium BC. On reliefs, they are shown carrying round shields and spears , dirks or swords , perhaps of Naue II type. In some cases, they are shown wearing corslets and kilts, but their key distinguishing feature is a horned helmet , which, in all cases but three, features a circular accouterment at the crest. At Medinet Habu the corslet appears similar to that worn by the Philistines . The Sherden sword, it has been suggested by archaeologists since James Henry Breasted , may have developed from an enlargement of European daggers and been associated with the exploitation of Bohemian tin. Robert Drews suggested that use of this weapon by groups of Sherden and Philistine mercenaries made them capable of withstanding attacks by chariotry and so made them valuable allies in warfare, but Drews's theory has been widely criticised by contemporary scholars. The End of Bronze Age . "Review of Robert Drews' 'The End of the Bronze Age: Changes in warfare and the catastrophe ca. 1200 B.C.' ". Polemos: Le Contexte Guerrier en Egee a l'Age du Bronze .
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 1160314175.
The opening as it stood in 2025
2nd millennium BC Mediterranean ethnic group The Sherden in battle as depicted at Medinet Habu The Sherden ( Egyptian : šrdn , šꜣrdꜣnꜣ or šꜣrdynꜣ ; Ugaritic : šrdnn(m) and trtn(m) ; possibly Akkadian : šêrtânnu ; also glossed "Shardana" or "Sherdanu") are one of the several ethnic groups the Sea Peoples were said to be composed of, appearing in fragmentary historical and iconographic records ( ancient Egyptian and Ugaritic ) from the Eastern Mediterranean in the late 2nd millennium BC. On reliefs, they are shown carrying round shields and spears , dirks or swords , perhaps of Naue II type. In some cases, they are shown wearing corslets and kilts, but their key distinguishing feature is a horned helmet , which, in all cases but three, features a circular accouterment at the crest. At Medinet Habu the corslet appears similar to that worn by the Philistines . The Sherden sword, it has been suggested by archaeologists since James Henry Breasted , may have developed from an enlargement of European daggers and been associated with the exploitation of Bohemian tin. Robert Drews suggested that use of this weapon by groups of Sherden and Philistine mercenaries made them capable of withstanding attacks by chariotry and so made them valuable allies in warfare, but Drews's theory has been widely criticised by contemporary scholars. The End of Bronze Age . "Review of Robert Drews' 'The End of the Bronze Age: Changes in warfare and the catastrophe ca. 1200 B.C.' ". Polemos: Le Contexte Guerrier en Egee a l'Age du Bronze .
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