Sultanate of Sulu

The Sultanate of Sulu was a Muslim state that ruled over many of the islands of the Sulu Sea , in the southern Philippines . The sultanate was founded in 1450, but other sources place the date earlier. Muslim historians believe that it had existed centuries earlier in the time of Raja Baguinda Ali . At its peak, it stretched over the islands that bordered the western peninsula of Mindanao in the east, to the modern Malaysian state of Sabah (formerly North Borneo ) in the west and south, and to Palawan in the north. Currently the issue of who would be the legitimate Sultan of Sulu is disputed by several branches of the Royal Family, although the line of succession fell on the Kiram branch of the royal family from 1823 up to the death of the last sovereign sultan in 1936.

Today part of Indonesia Malaysia Philippines Early kingdoms Rise of Muslim states Colonial period World War II Formative period Independence period Modern period Incidents By topic Communications Constitutional Economic Immigration Legal Military By region Kedah Kuala Lumpur Penang George Town Sabah Sarawak Malaysia portal v t e The Sultanate of Sulu ( Jawi : سلطنة سولك, ) was a Muslim state that ruled over many of the islands of the Sulu Sea , parts of Mindanao , certain portions of present-day Sabah (then North Borneo ) and North Kalimantan . The sultanate was founded in 17 November 1405. by a Johore -born explorer and religious scholar Sharif ul-Hashim . Paduka Mahasari Maulana al Sultan Sharif ul-Hashim became his full regnal name , Sharif-ul Hashim is his abbreviated name. He settled in Buansa, Sulu . After the marriage of Abu Bakr and a local dayang-dayang (princess) Paramisuli, he founded the sultanate. The Sultanate gained its independence from the Bruneian Empire in 1578. At its peak, it stretched over the islands that bordered the western peninsula of Mindanao in the east to Palawan in the north. It also covers the area in northeastern side of Borneo, stretching from Kimanis Bay in Sabah which is also overlap with the boundaries of the Bruneian Sultanate, to Tepian Durian in now Kalimantan . While another sources stated the area only stretching from Marudu Bay, not from Kimanis Bay. The Royal Sultanate of Sulu Including Related Events of Neighboring Peoples , NIU . State and Society in the Philippines . The area from Kimanis Bay to the Paitan River not from Sulu but from Brunei Graham Saunders (5 November 2013). A History of Brunei . Sultan of Brunei cedes the lands east of Marudu Bay to the Sultanate of Sulu. There are <ref group=note> tags on this page, but the references will not show without a template (see the help page ).

The sultanate was founded either on 17 November 1405 or 1457 by Johore -born explorer and Sunni Sufi religious scholar Sharif ul-Hashim , a follower of the Ash'ari Aqeeda and Shafi'i Madh'hab. Paduka Mahasari Maulana al Sultan Sharif ul-Hashim became his full regnal name ; Sharif-ul Hashim is his abbreviated name. He settled in Buansa, Sulu . After the marriage of Abu Bakr and a local dayang-dayang (princess) Paramisuli, he founded the sultanate. The sultanate gained its independence from the Bruneian Empire in 1578. At its peak, it stretched over the islands that bordered the western peninsula of Zamboanga in Mindanao in the east to Palawan in the north. It also covered areas in the northeast of Borneo , stretching from Marudu Bay, to Tepian Durian (in present-day Kalimantan , Indonesia ). Another source stated the area included stretched from Kimanis Bay, which also overlaps with the boundaries of the Bruneian Sultanate . Following the arrival of western powers such as the Spanish , the British , the Dutch , French , Germans , the Sultan thalassocracy and sovereign political powers were relinquished by 1915 through an agreement that was signed with the United States . In the second half of the 20th century, Filipino government extended official recognition of the head of the royal house of the sultanate, before the ongoing succession dispute. In Kakawin Nagarakretagama , the Sultanate of Sulu is referred to as Solot, one of the countries in the Tanjungnagara archipelago (Kalimantan-Philippines), which is one of the areas that is under the influence of the mandala area of the Majapahit kingdom in the archipelago. The area from Kimanis Bay to the Paitan River not from Sulu but from Brunei Cahoon, Ben. Sultan of Brunei cedes the lands east of Marudu Bay to the Sultanate of Sulu. A History of Brunei . Government of the Philippines . 22 March 1915 . There are <ref group=note> tags on this page, but the references will not show without a template (see the help page ).

1457–1915 state in Southeast Asia For other uses, see Sulu (disambiguation) . Today part of Philippines Malaysia Indonesia The Sultanate of Sulu ( Tausug : Kasultanan sin Sūg ; Malay : Kesultanan Suluk ; Filipino : Kasultanan ng Sulu ) was a Sunni Muslim Tausūg state that ruled the Sulu Archipelago , coastal areas of Zamboanga City , and certain portions of Palawan in today's Philippines , alongside parts of present-day Sabah and North Kalimantan in north-eastern Borneo . The sultanate was founded either on 17 November 1405 or 1457 by Johore -born explorer and Sunni religious scholar Sharif ul-Hashim . Paduka Mahasari Maulana al Sultan Sharif ul-Hashim became his full regnal name ; Sharif-ul Hashim is his abbreviated name. He settled in Buansa, Sulu . The sultanate gained its independence from the Bruneian Empire in 1578. At its peak, it stretched over the islands that bordered the western peninsula of Zamboanga in Mindanao in the east to Palawan in the north. It also covered areas in the northeast of Borneo , stretching from Marudu Bay , Sabah to Tepian, Sembakung subdistrict, North Kalimantan . Another source stated the area included stretched from Kimanis Bay , which also overlaps with the boundaries of the Bruneian Sultanate . Following the arrival of western powers such as the Spanish , the British , the Dutch , French , Germans , and the Americans , the Sultan thalassocracy and its sovereign political powers were relinquished by 1915 through an agreement, known as the Carpenter Agreement, that was signed with the United States . In Kakawin Nagarakretagama , the Sultanate of Sulu is referred to as Solot, one of the countries in the Tanjungnagara archipelago (Kalimantan-Philippines), which is one of the areas that is under the influence of the mandala area of the Majapahit kingdom in the archipelago. "Persistent Themes in the History of Sulu Moros (Session 2: Islam and Peace Building in the Philippines)" . The Sultanate of Sulu existed for almost five centuries, i.e., from around 1450 to 1915 when Sultan Jamalul Kiram II gave up his temporal powers in favor of American colonial rule under the Carpenter agreement of 1915 Kadir, Norizan; Mansor, Suffian (31 October 2017). Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society . 43 (217). [...] although the Government of the Phillipines abolished the political powers of the Sultanate of Sulu on March 22, 1915, it did not, of course eliminate the Sultan. He secured a pension and remained the spiritual head of the Suluks. It should be recognized then that the abolition of the Sultanate did not abolish the Sultan nor his line of succession; and the successor of the Sultan is not the Government of the Philippines. "Brief memorandum on the government of the Sultanate of Sulu and powers of the Sultan during the 19th century" . The Sultanate of Sulu was in no wise abolished by the Carpenter Agreement; but the sultan and his council merely relinquished their temporal powers to be exercised by regularly appointed or elected officials of the Philippine Government. It is generally believed that only the Sulu people themselves (through a plebiscite or an elected popular assembly) could legitimately abolish the Sultanate. The New York Times . Over the years, the once powerful sultanate of Sulu has lost influence to other groups, becoming essentially a symbolic organization, said Richard Javad Heydarian, a political science professor at De La Salle University in Manila. Voice of America . 9 March 2013 . Philippine Almanac & Handbook of Facts . 1977. The Sultanate of Sulu: Their Dominion . The area from Kimanis Bay to the Paitan River not from Sulu but from Brunei Cahoon, Ben. Sultan of Brunei cedes the lands east of Marudu Bay to the Sultanate of Sulu. A History of Brunei . Government of the Philippines . 22 March 1915 . There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or templates on this page, but the references will not show without a template or template (see the help page ).