The word “refugee” appeared 1 times in this article's opening at its peak in 2015. Today the opening carries none. 4 remain further down the article, where a reader arriving from a search result does not go.
Measured, not asserted. Every count, date and revision on this page was taken from Wikipedia's own history and checked against the live article. The words quoted are theirs.
Machine-checked against the full current article on 2026-08-02. “refugee” appeared 1 times in this article's opening at its peak. Today the opening has none; the body has 4.
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The opening as it read in 2010
Born in Oranienburg , Brandenburg , Germany , Blumenthal fled the country with his parents in 1939 shortly before the outbreak of World War II . They went to Shanghai , and then to the United States in 1947 . He graduated from the University of California, Berkeley in 1951 with a B.S. degree in business administration from the Haas School of Business , and later received a Ph.D from Princeton University , where he was also a Professor of Economics from 1953-1956. He then joined Crown Cork International Corporation, where he rose to Vice President and Director. In the 1960s, he entered politics and public service. He served in the State Department from 1961 until 1967 as advisor to Presidents Kennedy and Johnson on trade. Following a ten-year career as president and then chairman of the board with Bendix International, President Jimmy Carter appointed him as Secretary of the Treasury, where he served from January 23, 1977 to August 4, 1979. He returned to the business sector and joined Burroughs Corporation in 1980 as Vice Chairman, then Chairman of the Board a year later. After a merger into the Unisys Corporation in 1986, he became Chairman and CEO of Unisys, where he remained until retiring in 1990. From his marriage in 1951 to the former Margaret Polley, Blumenthal had three daughters: Ann, Jill, and Jane, and has many grandchildren. Currently he resides in Berlin and Princeton, New Jersey, with his wife, Barbara and his son Michael, and is director of the Jewish Museum Berlin . In 2008, he was elected as a delegate to the Democratic National Convention , pledged to back President Barack Obama . [1] Biography of W.1
This is Wikipedia's own text, saved in our repository. Their copy of it is revision 371204909.
The opening as it stood in 2005
Blumenthal, on the cover of Time magazine Blumenthal's signature, as used on American currency Werner Michael Blumenthal (born January 3 , 1926 ) served as United States Secretary of the Treasury under President Jimmy Carter from 1977 - 1979 . Born in Berlin , Germany , Blumenthal fled the country with his parents in 1939 shortly before the outbreak of World War II . They went to China , and then to the United States in 1947 . He graduated from the University of California at Berkeley in 1951 with a degree in international economics, and later received a Ph.D from Princeton University . Blumenthal alternately worked in the public sector - as Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Economic Affairs from 1961 - 1963 and the President's Deputy Special Representative for Trade Negotiations with the rank of Ambassador from 1963 to 1967 - and in the private sector - working for a variety of firms. Blumenthal served as Secretary of the Treasury from January 23 , 1977 to August 4 , 1979 . Since 1997, he again lives in Berlin, where he is director of the Jewish Museum Berlin .
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The opening as it stood in 2020 13 passages from the previous snapshot no longer appear
American businessperson, politician Werner Michael Blumenthal (born January 3, 1926) is a German -born American business leader, economist and political adviser who served as United States Secretary of the Treasury under President Jimmy Carter from 1977 to 1979.At age thirteen, Blumenthal barely escaped Nazi Germany with his Jewish family in 1939, and was forced to spend World War II living in the ghetto of Japanese-occupied Shanghai, China, until 1947.He then made his way to San Francisco and began doing odd jobs to work his way through school.He enrolled in college, eventually graduating from U.C.Berkeley and Princeton University with degrees in international economics.During his career, he became active in both business and public service.Before being appointed to a cabinet position with newly elected President Jimmy Carter, Blumenthal had become a successful business leader and had already held administrative positions under Presidents John F.Kennedy and Lyndon Johnson .As a member of the Carter administration, he helped guide economic policy and took part in reestablishing ties with China.After he resigned, he became chairman and CEO of Burroughs Corporation and Unisys, followed by seventeen years as director of the restored Jewish Museum in Berlin .The Invisible Wall (1998, Counterpoint Press) and From Exile to Washington: A Memoir of Leadership in the Twentieth Century (2013, The Overlook Press).
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 965397582.
The opening as it stood on October 6, 2023
German-American businessman, politician Werner Michael Blumenthal (born January 3, 1926) is a German-American business leader, economist and political adviser who served as United States Secretary of the Treasury under President Jimmy Carter from 1977 to 1979. At age thirteen, Blumenthal barely escaped Nazi Germany with his Jewish family in 1939. He was forced to spend World War II living in the ghetto of Japanese-occupied Shanghai , China, until 1947. He then made his way to San Francisco and began doing odd jobs to work his way through school. He enrolled in college, eventually graduating from University of California, Berkeley and Princeton University with degrees in international economics. During his career, he became active in both business and public service. Before being appointed to a cabinet position with newly elected President Jimmy Carter , Blumenthal had become a successful business leader and had already held administrative positions under Presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon Johnson . As a member of the Carter administration, he helped guide economic policy and took part in re establishing ties with China. After he resigned, he became chairman and CEO of Burroughs Corporation and Unisys , followed by seventeen years as director of the restored Jewish Museum in Berlin . The Invisible Wall (1998, Counterpoint Press) and From Exile to Washington: A Memoir of Leadership in the Twentieth Century (2013, The Overlook Press).
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 1172864694.
The opening as it stood in 2025 1 passage from the previous snapshot no longer appear
German-American businessman, politician Werner Michael Blumenthal (born January 3, 1926) is a German-American business leader, economist and political adviser who served as United States Secretary of the Treasury under President Jimmy Carter from 1977 to 1979. At age thirteen, Blumenthal barely escaped Nazi Germany with his Jewish family in 1939. He was forced to spend World War II living in the ghetto of Japanese-occupied Shanghai , China, until 1947. He then made his way to San Francisco and began doing odd jobs to work his way through school. He enrolled in college, eventually graduating from University of California, Berkeley and Princeton University with degrees in international economics. During his career, he became active in both business and public service. Before being appointed to a cabinet position with newly elected President Jimmy Carter , Blumenthal had become a successful business leader and had already held administrative positions under Presidents John F. As a member of the Carter administration, he helped guide economic policy and took part in re-establishing ties with China. After he resigned, he became chairman and CEO of Burroughs Corporation and Unisys , followed by seventeen years as director of the restored Jewish Museum in Berlin . The Invisible Wall (1998, Counterpoint Press) and From Exile to Washington: A Memoir of Leadership in the Twentieth Century (2013, The Overlook Press). Blumenthal is the oldest living former U.S.
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Today
“refugee” appeared 1 times in this article's opening at its peak. Today the opening has none; the body has 4. Read the current article and compare.
2005
2010
2015
2020
Oct '23
2025
Counts in the opening at each snapshot. Green: the word gained ground. Red: it was cut. Grey: no change.
What Wikipedia says this is
Every article opens by defining its subject. This one was redefined between 2020 and 2025.
Then
german -born american business leader
Now
german-american business leader
Struck red text is no longer in the article; dotted amber text was rewritten. Every revision id links to Wikipedia's copy; the text shown is our own saved copy. Data: /data. Wikipedia text is CC BY-SA; quoted for the record; not affiliated with Wikipedia.