Warsaw concentration camp

Warsaw concentration camp ( German Konzetrazionslager Warschau , short KL Warschau ) was the German concentration camp in Warsaw, in the ruins of the Warsaw Ghetto . It was operational between autumn 1942 and the Warsaw Uprising in 1944 . The first commander of the camp was Wilhelm Goecke , former Mauthausen Concentration Camp commander. According to various estimates some 200,000 people were killed there by the Germans during the war.

Polish insurgents toured around Gęsiówka prison of the Warsaw concentration camp complex, by a freed Jewish prisoner (August 5, 1944). Photo by Eugeniusz Lokajski . Others Soviet POWs Soviet urban residents Civilians targeted during anti-partisan warfare People with disabilities Romani people Polish leaders and intellectuals Homosexuals Jehovah's Witnesses The Warsaw concentration camp ( , short KL or KZ Warschau ) was an associated group of the German Nazi concentration camps , possibly including an extermination camp , located in German -occupied Warsaw , capital city of Poland . The various details regarding the camp are very controversial and remain subject of historical research and public debate.

Nazi concentration camp in Warsaw during World War II 52°14′54.3″N 20°59′23.7″E  /  52.248417°N 20.989917°E  / 52.248417; 20.989917 Warsaw (or Gęsiówka ) was a Nazi concentration camp built on the ruins of the Warsaw Ghetto , around Gęsiówka prison. A minor camp, the Warsaw camp is absent from most standard accounts of the Holocaust . Over the course of its operation an estimated 8,000–9,000 prisoners were held at the camp and performed slave labor . About 4,000 to 5,000 of the prisoners are estimated to have died in the camp, during the death march from the camp, the Warsaw Uprising , and hiding after the uprising. The camp, which has little coverage in mainstream historiography, has been at the center of a conspiracy theory that asserts that a giant gas chamber was built in a tunnel near Warszawa Zachodnia station and that 200,000 mainly non-Jewish Poles were exterminated at the site.

Nazi concentration camp in Warsaw during World War II 52°14′54.3″N 20°59′23.7″E  /  52.248417°N 20.989917°E  / 52.248417; 20.989917 The Warsaw concentration camp ( ; see other names ) was a German concentration camp in occupied Poland during World War II . It was formed on the base of the now-nonexistent Gęsiówka prison, in what is today the Warsaw neighbourhood of Muranów , on the order of Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler . The camp operated from July 1943 to August 1944. Located in the ruins of the Warsaw Ghetto , KL Warschau first functioned as a camp in its own right, but was demoted to a branch of the Majdanek concentration camp in May 1944. In late July that year, due to the Red Army approaching Warsaw , the Nazis started to evacuate the camp. Around 4,000 inmates were forced to march on foot to Kutno , 120 km (75 mi) away; those who survived were then transported to Dachau . On 5 August 1944, KL Warschau was captured by Battalion Zośka during the Warsaw Uprising , liberating 348 Jews who were still left on its premises. It was the only German camp in Poland to be liberated by anti-Nazi resistance forces, rather than by Allied troops. After the Red Army definitively expelled the Germans from Warsaw in January 1945, the new communist administration continued to run the buildings as a forced labour camp, and then as a prison, until it was closed in 1956. All the camp's premises were demolished in 1965. The Encyclopedia on Camps and Ghettos says that a total of 8,000 to 9,000 inmates were held there, while Bogusław Kopka estimates the number at at least 7,250 prisoners, all but 300 of whom were Jews from various European countries, in particular from Hungary and Greece . They were used as forced labour to clean the ruins of the Warsaw Ghetto, with the ultimate goal of creating a park in the former ghetto's area. The inmates also had to find and sort whatever precious items were still left on its territory. The camp and adjacent ruins were additionally used by the German administration as a place of execution , the victims being Polish political prisoners , Jews caught on the " Aryan side", and generally people rounded up on Warsaw streets. About 4,000 to 5,000 prisoners died during the camp's existence, while the total number of people murdered in the camp is estimated at 20,000. The camp played a comparatively minor role in the Holocaust and thus seldom appears in mainstream historiography. However, it has been at the centre of a conspiracy theory , first promoted by Maria Trzcińska , a Polish judge who served for 22 years as a member of the Chief Commission for the Prosecution of Crimes against the Polish Nation . The theory, refuted by mainstream historians, contends that KL Warschau was an extermination camp operating a giant gas chamber inside a tunnel near Warszawa Zachodnia railroad station and that 200,000 mainly non-Jewish Poles were gassed there. Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, 1933–1945 . Yad Vashem Studies . 32 : 323– 350. London Review of Books . 41 (9). Mix, Andreas ( Center for Research on Antisemitism ) (2003).

Nazi concentration camp in Poland (1943–1944) Warsaw was a Nazi concentration camp in German-occupied Poland during World War II . It was formed on the base of the now-nonexistent Gęsiówka prison, in what is today the Warsaw neighbourhood of Muranów , on the order of Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler . The camp operated from July 1943 to August 1944. Located in the ruins of the Warsaw Ghetto , KL Warschau first functioned as a camp in its own right, but was demoted to a branch of the Majdanek concentration camp in May 1944. In late July that year, due to the Red Army approaching Warsaw , the Nazis started to evacuate the camp. Around 4,000 inmates were forced to march on foot to Kutno , 120 km (75 mi) away; those who survived were then transported to Dachau . On 5 August 1944, KL Warschau was captured by Battalion Zośka during the Warsaw Uprising , liberating 348 Jews who were still left on its premises. It was the only German camp in Poland to be liberated by anti-Nazi resistance forces, rather than by Allied troops. After the Red Army definitively expelled the Germans from Warsaw in January 1945, the new communist administration continued to run the buildings as a forced labour camp, and then as a prison, until it was closed in 1956. All the camp's premises were demolished in 1965. The Encyclopedia on Camps and Ghettos says that a total of 8,000 to 9,000 inmates were held there, while Bogusław Kopka estimates the number as at least 7,250 prisoners, all but 300 of whom were Jews from various European countries, in particular from Hungary and Greece . The Jewish inmates were used as forced labor to clean the ruins of the Warsaw Ghetto, with the ultimate goal of creating a park in the former ghetto's territory. They also had to find and sort whatever precious items were still left on its territory. The camp and adjacent ruins were additionally used by the German administration as a place of execution , the victims being Polish political prisoners , Jews caught on the " Aryan side", and generally people rounded up on the streets of Warsaw. About 4,000 to 5,000 prisoners died during the camp's existence, while the total number of people murdered in the camp is estimated at 20,000. The camp played a comparatively minor role in the Holocaust and thus seldom appears in mainstream historiography. However, it has been at the centre of a conspiracy theory , first promoted by Maria Trzcińska , a Polish judge who served for 22 years as a member of the Chief Commission for the Prosecution of Crimes against the Polish Nation . The theory, refuted by mainstream historians, contends that KL Warschau was an extermination camp operating a giant gas chamber inside a tunnel near Warszawa Zachodnia railroad station and that 200,000 mainly non-Jewish Poles were gassed there. Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, 1933–1945 . London Review of Books . 41 (9). Mix, Andreas ( Center for Research on Antisemitism ) (2003).