William Holman Hunt

He was one of the founders of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood .¹ After eventually entering the Royal Academy art schools, having initially been rejected, Hunt rebelled against the influence of its founder Sir Joshua Reynolds . He formed the Pre-Raphaelite movement in 1848, after meeting the poet and artist Dante Gabriel Rossetti . Along with John Everett Millais they sought to revitalise art by emphasising the detailed observation of the natural world in a spirit of quasi-religious devotion to truth. This religious approach was influenced by the spiritual qualities of Medieval art , in opposition to the alleged rationalism of the Renaissance embodied by Raphael . The Hireling Shepherd , 1851 Hunt's works were not initially successful, and were widely attacked in the art press for their alleged clumsiness and ugliness. He achieved some early note for his intensely naturalistic scenes of modern rural and urban life, such as The Hireling Shepherd and The Awakening Conscience . However, it was with his with his religious paintings that he became famous, initially The Light of the World , which toured Britain and the United States. After travelling to the Holy Land in search of accurate topographical and ethnographical material for further religious works, Hunt painted The Scapegoat , The Finding of the Saviour in the Temple and The Shadow of Death , along with many landscapes of the region. Hunt also painted many works based on poems, such as Isabella and The Lady of Shalott .² All these paintings were notable for their great attention to detail, their hard vivid colour and their elaborate symbolism.³ These features were influenced by the writings of John Ruskin and Thomas Carlyle , according to whom the world itself should be read as a system of visual signs. Out of all the members of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood Hunt remained most true to their ideals throughout his career. He eventually had to give up painting because failing eyesight meant that he could not get the level of quality that he wanted. His last major work, The Lady of Shalott , was completed with the help of an assistant. Hunt's autobiography Pre-Raphaelitism and the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood was written to correct other literature about the origins of the Brotherhood, which in his view did not adequately recognise his own contribution. Many of his late writings are attempts to control the interpretation of his work.⁴