Bektashism

The Bektashi order is a Dervish order which has evolved into a religious sect of Islam . It was founded in the 13th century by a Turk from Khurasan , Hajji Bektash Wali , but did not reach its definitive form until 16th century Turkey . The Bektashi claim to be part of the Shia order of Islam, though the order denies many of the basic Islamic principles, placing it outside the fold of Islam.

Bektashi khanka on the Kuz-Baba Hill in Vlorë , Albania The founder of the Baktāshī sufi order Hacı Bektaş-ı Veli (Ḥājjī Baktāsh Walī) , a murid of Malāmatī - Qalāndārī Sheikh Qutb ad-Dīn Haydar , who introduced the Ahmad Yasavi 's doctrine of " Four Doors and Forty Stending " into his tariqah . World Headquarters of the Bektashi Community in Tirana , Albania The Bektashi Order ( ), or the ideology of Bektashism ( ), is a dervish order ( tariqat ) named after the 13th century Persian Alevi Wali (saint) Haji Bektash Veli , but founded by Balim Sultan . The order is mainly found throughout Anatolia and the Balkans , and was particularly strong in Albania , Bulgaria , and among Ottoman-era Greek Muslims from the regions of Epirus , Crete and Greek Macedonia . However, the Bektashi order does not seem to have attracted quite as many adherents from among Bosnian Muslims , who tended to favor more mainstream Sunni orders such as the Naqshbandiyya and Qadiriyya . In addition to the spiritual teachings of Haji Bektash Veli , the Bektashi order was later significantly influenced during its formative period by the Hurufis (in the early 15th century), the Qalandariyya stream of Sufism, and to varying degrees the Shia beliefs circulating in Anatolia during the 14th to 16th centuries. The mystical practices and rituals of the Bektashi order were systematized and structured by Balım Sultan in the 16th century after which many of the order's distinct practices and beliefs took shape. A large number of academics consider Bektashism to have fused a number of Shia and Sufi concepts, although the order contains rituals and doctrines that are distinct unto itself. Throughout its history Bektashis have always had wide appeal and influence among both the Ottoman intellectual elite as well as the peasantry. Further information: Haji Bektash Veli and Balım Sultan A vast majority of Janissary were followers of the Bektashi Sufi order.

Dervish order with Balkan origins The Bektashi Order ( ; ), short for Shī‘ah Imāmī Alevī - Bektāshī Ṭarīqah is a Sufi dervish order ( tariqat ) named after the 13th century Alevi Wali (saint) Haji Bektash Veli from Khorasan , but founded by Balım Sultan . The order, whose headquarters is in Tirana , Albania , is mainly found throughout Anatolia and the Balkans , and was particularly strong in Albania , Bulgaria , and among Ottoman era Greek Muslims from the regions of Epirus , Crete and Macedonia . However, the Bektashi order does not seem to have attracted quite as many adherents from among Bosnian Muslims , who tended to favor more mainstream Sunni orders such as the Naqshbandiyya and Qadiriyya . The order represents the official ideology of Bektashism ( ). Interior view of Arabati Baba Teḱe , Tetovo , Republic of Macedonia . In addition to the spiritual teachings of Haji Bektash Veli, the Bektashi order was later significantly influenced during its formative period by the Hurufis (in the early 15th century), the Qalandariyya stream of Sufism, and to varying degrees the Shia beliefs circulating in Anatolia during the 14th to 16th centuries. The mystical practices and rituals of the Bektashi order were systematized and structured by Balım Sultan in the 16th century after which many of the order's distinct practices and beliefs took shape. The founder of the Bektashi Sufi order Haji Bektash Veli (Ḥājjī Baktāsh Walī) , a murid of Malamati - Qalandari Sheikh Qutb ad-Dīn Haydar , who introduced the Ahmad Yasavi 's doctrine of " Four Doors and Forty Stending " into his tariqah . Many academics consider Bektashism to have fused a number of Shia and Sufi concepts, although the order contains rituals and doctrines that are distinct. Throughout its history Bektashis have always had wide appeal and influence among both the Ottoman intellectual elite as well dominating the elite Jannisary Corps. Encyclopedia Iranica, "BEKTĀŠĪYA" Encyclopedia Iranica, "ḤĀJĪ BEKTĀŠ" ʿALĪ AL-AʿLĀ (d. 822/1419), also known as Amīr Sayyed ʿAlī, principal successor of Fażlallāh Astarābādī, founder of the Ḥorūfī sect. Encyclopedia Iranica, "ASTARĀBĀDĪ, FAŻLALLĀH" (d. 796/1394), founder of the Ḥorūfī religion, H.

Islamic Sufi mystic order in Shia Islam The Bektashi Order or Bektashism is an Islamic Sufi mystic order originating in the 13th-century. It is named after the saint Haji Bektash Veli (d. 1271). The Albanian community is currently led by Baba Mondi , their eighth Bektashi Dedebaba and headquartered in Tirana , Albania . Bektashism began as a Shia Islamic Sufi order in Anatolia during the Ottoman Empire . In 1876, a Salih Nijazi was appointed as the baba "leader" by prominent Bektashi members. After the foundation of the Turkish Republic , Kemal Atatürk banned religious institutions that weren't part of the Directorate of Religious Affairs . After this, the community's headquarters relocated to Albania. The order became involved in Albanian politics, and some of its members, including Ismail Qemali , were major leaders of the Albanian National Awakening . Bektashis believe in the Ismah of the Prophets and messengers , the Twelve Imams , the Fourteen Infallibles and the current Dedebabas . In addition to the spiritual teachings of Haji Bektash Veli, the Bektashi order was later significantly influenced during its formative period by the Hurufis (in the early 15th century), the Qalandariyya stream of Sufism, figures like Ahmad Yasawi , Yunus Emre , Shah Ismail , Shaykh Haydar , Nesimi , Pir Sultan Abdal , Gül Baba , Sari Saltik and to varying degrees more broadly the Shia belief system circulating in Anatolia during the 14th to 16th centuries. The mystical practices and rituals of the Bektashi order were systematized and structured by Balım Sultan in the 16th century. According to a 2005 estimate made by Reshat Bardhi , there are over seven million Bektashis worldwide. Albania is the country with the most Bektashis, where they make up 20% of the Muslim population, and 2.5% of the country's population. Bektashis are mainly found throughout Turkey , the Balkans and among Ottoman-era Greek Muslim communities. Bektashism is named after Haji Bektash Veli . Collectively, adherents of Bektashism, are called Bektashian Muslims or simply Bektashians. Interior view of Arabati Baba Teḱe , Tetovo , North Macedonia . World Headquarters of the Bektashi "Encyclopedia Iranica, "BEKTĀŠĪYA" " . "ʿALĪ AL-AʿLĀ (d. 822/1419), also known as Amīr Sayyed ʿAlī, principal successor of Fażlallāh Astarābādī, founder of the Ḥorūfī sect" . "Encyclopedia Iranica, "ASTARĀBĀDĪ, FAŻLALLĀH" (d. 796/1394), founder of the Ḥorūfī religion, H. H. ; Lévi-Provençal, E. ; Schacht, J. ; Lewis, B. & Pellat, Ch. , eds. The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition . Extremist Shiites: The Ghulat Sects . Ayhan Kaya (2016) The Alevi-Bektashi order in Turkey: syncreticism transcending national borders, Southeast European and Black Sea Studies, 16:2, 275-294, DOI: 10.1080/14683857.2015.1120465 There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or templates on this page, but the references will not show without a template or template (see the help page ).

Islamic Sufi syncretic and mystic order Bektashism ( Turkish : Bektaşîlik , Albanian : Bektashi ) is a Sufi order of Islam that evolved in 13th-century western Anatolia and became widespread in the Ottoman Empire . It is named after the walī "saint" Haji Bektash Veli , with adherents called Bektashis. The Bektashi community is currently led by Baba Mondi , the eighth Dedebaba , whose seat is at the order’s headquarters in Tirana , Albania . The Bektashis were originally one of many Sufi orders within Sunni Islam . By the 16th century, the order had adopted some tenets of Twelver Shi'ism —including veneration of Ali , the cousin and son-in-law of the Prophet Muhammad , and the Twelve Imams —as well as a variety of syncretic beliefs. The Bektashis acquired political importance in the 15th century when the order dominated the Janissary Corps . After the foundation of Turkey , the country's leader, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk , banned religious institutions that were not part of the Directorate of Religious Affairs , and the community's headquarters relocated to Albania . Salih Nijazi was the last Dedebaba in Turkey and the first in Albania. The order became involved in Albanian politics, and some of its members, including Ismail Qemali , were major leaders of the Albanian National Awakening . Bektashis believe in the ismah of the prophets and messengers and the Fourteen Infallibles : the Prophet Muhammad, his daughter Fatima , and the Twelve Imams . In contrast to many Twelver Shia, Bektashis respect all of the Companions of Muhammad , including Abu Bakr , Umar , Uthman , Talha and Mu'awiya , with Ali considered the greatest of the Companions. In addition to the spiritual teachings of Haji Bektash Veli, the Bektashi Order was later significantly influenced during its formative period by Hurufism (in the early 15th century), the antinomian dervish order of the qalandars , figures like Ahmad Yasawi , Yunus Emre , the Safavid emperor and head of the Safavid order and Messiah Ismail I , Shaykh Haydar , Nesimi , Pir Sultan Abdal , Gül Baba , Sarı Saltık and to varying degrees more broadly the Shia belief system circulating in Anatolia during the 14th to 16th centuries. The mystical practices and rituals of the Bektashi Order were systematized and structured by Balım Sultan in the 16th century. According to a 2005 estimate by Reshat Bardhi , there are over seven million Bektashis worldwide, though more recent studies put the figure as high as 20 million. In Albania , they make up 9% of the Muslim population and 5% of the country's population. An additional 12.5 million Bektashis live in Turkey . Bektashis are mainly found throughout Anatolia , the Balkans and among Ottoman-era Greek Muslim communities. The term Alevi–Bektashi is used frequently in current Turkish religious discourse as an umbrella term for Alevism and Bektashism, despite their distinct origins and separate belief systems. "ʿALĪ AL-AʿLĀ (d. 822/1419), also known as Amīr Sayyed ʿAlī, principal successor of Fażlallāh Astarābādī, founder of the Ḥorūfī sect" . "Encyclopedia Iranica, "ASTARĀBĀDĪ, FAŻLALLĀH" (d. 796/1394), founder of the Ḥorūfī religion, H. H. ; Lévi-Provençal, E. ; Schacht, J. ; Lewis, B. & Pellat, Ch. , eds. The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition . Extremist Shiites: The Ghulat Sects . Yunus Emre: The Sufi Poet in Love . Census 2023 "Sabahat Akkiraz'dan Alevi raporu | soL haber" . 14 December 2012 .