The Cement Incident, a 1935 discovery of smuggled weapons in Jaffa, helped trigger the unrest that preceded the Arab revolt in Palestine. The 2015 opening described Sheikh Izz ad-Din al-Qassam as leader of the Black Hand, "an anti-Zionist and anti-British militant organisation." The opening today omits this description of the Black Hand entirely, though the word survives once in the body. A reader today learns al-Qassam carried out incursions but not that the organization he led was explicitly anti-Zionist and militant.
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Machine-checked against the full current article on 2026-08-01. “militant” appeared 1 times in this article's opening at its peak. Today the opening has none; the body has 1.
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The opening as it read in 2015
Cement Incident took place in the port of Jaffa in Palestine on 16 October 1935. While Arab dockers were unloading a consignment of 537 drums of White-Star cement from the Belgian cargo ship Leopold II , which were destined for a Jewish merchant called J. Katan in Tel Aviv , one drum accidentally broke open spilling out guns and ammunition. Further investigation by British Mandate officials revealed a large cache of smuggled weapons, comprising 25 machine guns ( Lewis guns ), 800 rifles and 400,000 rounds of ammunition contained in 359 of the 537 drums, but because the merchant was not identified and the final destination was not uncovered no arrests were made. It was no secret that the Haganah had been smuggling arms into the country ever since the riots in 1929 and the discovery of the shipment gave credence to the claim that the Jews of Palestine were arming on a large scale. Since 1929 the Haganah had sent representatives to Belgium , France and Italy to purchase weapons which were often smuggled into Palestine in crates and luggage. A sharp sense of danger was thus derived from the perception that the Zionist movement was on the road to attaining the military capacity to establish its state. General alarm in the Arab press over the arms discovery and the failure of the British authorities to take action was followed by a general strike on 26 October, which was widely observed and became violent in Jaffa. At the end of October, in response to the storm of public controversy over the arms shipment, Sheikh Izz ad-Din al-Qassam , a reformist preacher, leader of the Black Hand , an anti-Zionist and anti-British militant organisation, approached his followers with a proposal to take up arms. He recruited and arranged military training for peasants and by 1935 he had enlisted between 200 and 800 men. The cells were equipped with bombs and firearms, which they used to kill Jewish residents in the area, as well as engaging in a campaign of vandalism of settler-planted trees and British-constructed rail-lines. In November 1935, two of Qassam's men engaged in a firefight with a Palestine police patrol hunting fruit thieves and a policeman was killed. Following the incident, British police launched a manhunt and surrounded al-Qassam in a cave near Ya'bad . In the ensuing battle, al-Qassam was killed. Qassam's funeral in Haifa became a major nationalist demonstration attended by thousands and Qassam was subsequently regarded as a nationalist cult hero and became an inspiration to diverse Palestinian nationalist groups, not least during the ensuing Great Revolt of 1936-1939, which his death helped to spark six months later.1
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The opening as it stood in 2010
Izz ad-Din al-Qassam The Cement Incident took place in the port of Jaffa in Palestine on 16 October 1935. While Arab dockers were unloading a consignment of 537 drums of White-Star cement from the Belgian cargo ship Leopold II , which were destined for a Jewish merchant called J. Katan in Tel Aviv , one drum accidentally broke open spilling out guns and ammunition. Further investigation by British Mandate officials revealed a large cache of smuggled weapons, comprising 25 machine guns ( Lewis Guns ), 800 rifles and 400,000 rounds of ammunition contained in 359 of the 537 drums, but because the merchant was not identified and the final destination was not uncovered no arrests were made. It was no secret that the Haganah had been smuggling arms into the country ever since the riots in 1929 and the discovery of the shipment gave credence to the claim that the Jews of Palestine were arming on a large scale. Since 1929 the Haganah had sent representatives to Belgium , France and Italy to purchase weapons which were often smuggled into Palestine in crates and luggage. A sharp sense of danger was thus derived from the perception that the Zionist movement was on the road to attaining the military capacity to establish its state. General alarm in the Arab press over the arms discovery and the failure of the British authorities to take action was followed by a general strike on 26 October, which was widely observed and became violent in Jaffa. At the end of October, in response to the storm of public controversy over the arms shipment, Sheikh Izz ad-Din al-Qassam , a noted reformist preacher, social worker and leader of the Palestinian resistance to the British occupation and to the Zionist project, approached his followers with a proposal to take up arms. On 20 November, Qassam and his some of his followers were killed in a clash with a British patrol near Ya'bad . Qassam's funeral in Haifa became a major nationalist demonstration attended by thousands and Qassam was subsequently regarded as a nationalist cult hero and became an inspiration to diverse Palestinian nationalist groups, not least during the ensuing Great Revolt of 1936-1939, which his death helped to spark six months later.
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The opening as it stood in 2020 11 passages from the previous snapshot no longer appear
The Cement Incident took place in the port of Jaffa in Palestine on 16 October 1935. While Arab dockers were unloading a consignment of 537 drums of White-Star cement from the Belgian cargo ship Leopold II , which were destined for a Jewish merchant called J. Katan in Tel Aviv , one drum accidentally broke open spilling out guns and ammunition. Further investigation by British Mandate officials revealed a large cache of smuggled weapons, comprising 25 machine guns ( Lewis guns ), 800 rifles and 400,000 rounds of ammunition contained in 359 of the 537 drums, but because the merchant was not identified and the final destination was not uncovered no arrests were made. Almost overnight, protests erupted throughout Palestine and swept other major Arab urban cities, including Amman, Cairo, Damascus, and Baghdad.Alongside other groups in Palestine, Al-Qassam carried out incursions against British Mandate forces and Jewish settlers.OCLC 1010668639 . : Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= ( help )
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 961502073.
The opening as it stood on October 6, 2023 1 passage from the previous snapshot no longer appear
The Cement Incident took place in the port of Jaffa in Palestine on 16 October 1935. While Arab dockers were unloading a consignment of 537 drums of White-Star cement from the Belgian cargo ship Leopold II , which were destined for a Jewish merchant called J. Katan in Tel Aviv , one drum accidentally broke open spilling out guns and ammunition. Further investigation by British Mandate officials revealed a large cache of smuggled weapons, comprising 25 machine guns ( Lewis guns ), 800 rifles and 400,000 rounds of ammunition contained in 359 of the 537 drums, but because the merchant was not identified and the final destination was not uncovered, no arrests were made. Almost overnight, protests erupted throughout Palestine and swept other major Arab urban cities, including Amman, Cairo, Damascus and Baghdad. Alongside other groups in Palestine, Al-Qassam carried out incursions against British Mandate forces and Jewish settlers.
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Today
“militant” appeared 1 times in this article's opening at its peak. Today the opening has none; the body has 1. Read the current article and compare.
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