Hanbali school

Map showing the distribution of the seven Islamic schools of law Hanbali ( ) is the smallest of the four schools ( Madha'hib ) of Fiqh or religious law within Sunni Islam (the other three being Hanafi , Maliki and Shafi`i ). The jurisprudence school traces back to Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal (d. 855) but was institutionalized by his students. Besides the Qur'an and the Sunna Ibn Hanbal also granted an important status to the consent of the Muslim community, the Umma . Hanbali jurisprudence is considered very strict and conservative, especially regarding questions of dogma and cult. It is mainly prevalent in Saudi Arabia , although students of Islam throughout the world study and may choose to observe its conclusions about Islamic practice. Despite only being followed by about five percent of Sunni Muslims, the Hanbali school wields great influence on Muslims all over the world through its position as the official Madh'hab of Saudi Arabia, a nation which is home to the most important Islamic pilgrimage sites in Mecca and Medina .

The Hanbali school ( ) is one of the four orthodox Sunni Islamic schools of jurisprudence ( fiqh ). It is named after the Iraqi scholar Ahmad ibn Hanbal (d. 855), and was institutionalized by his students. The Hanbali madhhab is the smallest of four major Sunni schools, the others being the Hanafi , Maliki and Shafi'i . Hanbali school derives Sharia predominantly from the Quran, the Hadiths (sayings and customs of Muhammad), and the views of Sahabah (Muhammad's companions). In cases where there is no clear answer in sacred texts of Islam, the Hanbali school does not accept jurist discretion or customs of a community as a sound basis to derive Islamic law, a method that Hanafi and Maliki Sunni fiqhs accept. Hanbalis rely instead on weaker Hadiths, individual opinions of Muhammad's companions or analogy. Hanbali school is the strict traditionalist and most conservative school of jurisprudence in Sunni Islam. It is found primarily in Saudi Arabia and Qatar , where it is the official fiqh. Some Hanbali followers are also found in the four emirates of UAE (Sharjah, Umm al-Quwain, Ras al-Khaimah and Ajman), Bahrain , Oman and Yemen . The Hanbali school was the forerunner of the Wahhabi - Salafist movement. Historically the school was small; during the 18th to early-20th century Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab and Al Saud greatly aided its propagation in Saudi Arabia. Modern Islamic thought in a radical age .

One of the schools (madhabs) of fiqh (religious law) within Sunni Islam For other uses, see Hanbali (nesba) . The Hanbali school ( ) is one of the four traditional Sunni schools of Islamic jurisprudence . It is named after the Iraqi scholar Ahmad ibn Hanbal (d. 855), and was institutionalized by his students. The Hanbali madhhab is the smallest of four major Sunni schools, the others being the Hanafi , Maliki and Shafi`i . The Hanbali school derives sharia predominantly from the Quran, the Hadiths (sayings and customs of Muhammad), and the views of Sahabah (Muhammad's companions). In cases where there is no clear answer in sacred texts of Islam, the Hanbali school does not accept jurist discretion or customs of a community as a sound basis to derive Islamic law, a method that Hanafi and Maliki Sunni fiqhs accept. Hanbali school is the strict traditionalist school of jurisprudence in Sunni Islam. It is found primarily in the countries of Saudi Arabia , Kuwait and Qatar , where it is the official fiqh. Hanbali followers are the demographic majority in four emirates of UAE (Sharjah, Umm al-Quwain, Ras al-Khaimah and Ajman). Large minorities of Hanbali followers are also found in Bahrain , Syria , Oman and Yemen and among Iraqi and Jordanian bedouins . The Hanbali school experienced a reformation in the Wahhabi - Salafist movement. Historically the school was small; during the 18th to early-20th century Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab and Al Saud greatly aided its propagation around the world by way of their interpretation of the school's teachings. As a result of this, the school's name has become a controversial one in certain quarters of the Islamic world due to the influence he is believed by some to have had upon these teachings, which cites Ibn Hanbal as a principal influence along with the thirteenth-century Hanbali reformer Ibn Taymiyyah . However, it has been argued by certain scholars that Ibn Hanbal's own beliefs actually played "no real part in the establishment of the central doctrines of Wahhabism ," as there is evidence, according to the same authors, that "the older Hanbalite authorities had doctrinal concerns very different from those of the Wahhabis," as medieval Hanbali literature is rich in references to saints, grave visitation, miracles, and relics. Historically, the Hanbali school was treated as simply another valid interpretation of Islamic law, and many prominent medieval Sufis , such as Abdul Qadir Gilani , were Hanbali jurists and mystics at the same time. Modern Islamic thought in a radical age . Ibn al-Jawzī, Manāqib al-imām Aḥmad, ed. ʿĀdil Nuwayhiḍ , Beirut 1393/1973

Prominent legal school in Sunni Islam For other uses, see Hanbali (nisba) . The Hanbali school ( ) is one of the four major traditional Sunni schools ( madhahib ) of Islamic jurisprudence . It is named after the Arab scholar Ahmad ibn Hanbal (d. 855), and was institutionalized by his students. The Hanbali madhhab is the smallest of four major Sunni schools, the others being the Hanafi , Maliki and Shafi`i . The Hanbali school derives sharia primarily from the Qur'an , the Hadiths (sayings and customs of Muhammad ), and the views of Sahabah (Muhammad's companions). In cases where there is no clear answer in sacred texts of Islam , the Hanbali school does not accept istihsan (jurist discretion) or 'urf (customs of a community) as a sound basis to derive Islamic law, a method that Hanafi and Maliki Sunni madh'habs accept. Hanbali school is the strict traditionalist school of jurisprudence in Sunni Islam. It is found primarily in the countries of Saudi Arabia and Qatar , where it is the official Fiqh . Hanbali followers are the demographic majority in four emirates of UAE ( Sharjah , Umm al-Quwain , Ras al-Khaimah and Ajman ). Large minorities of Hanbali followers are also found in Bahrain , Syria , Oman and Yemen and among Iraqi and Jordanian bedouins . The Hanbali school experienced a reformation during the 18th-century Wahhabi movement. Historically the school was small; during the 18th to early-20th century Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab and Al Saud greatly aided its propagation around the world by way of their interpretation of the school's teachings. Historian Michael Cook argues that Ibn Hanbal's own beliefs actually played "no real part in the establishment of the central doctrines of Wahhabism," and that inspite of their shared tradition, "the older Hanbalite authorities had doctrinal concerns very different from those of the Wahhabis". Other scholars maintain that Ahmād Ibn Hānbal was "the distant progenitor of Wahhābism" who also immensely inspired the conservative reform movement of Salafiyya . Understanding Islamic Law: From Classical to Contemporary . Modern Islamic thought in a radical age . In Laoust, Henri (ed.). Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition .

School of Islamic jurisprudence For other uses, see Hanbali (nisba) . The Hanbali school or Hanbalism is one of the four major schools of Islamic jurisprudence , belonging to the Ahl al-Hadith tradition within Sunni Islam . It is named after and based on the teachings of the 9th-century scholar , jurist and traditionist , Ahmad ibn Hanbal ( c. 780–855 CE ), and later institutionalized by his students. One who ascribes to the Hanbali school is called a Hanbali ( Arabic : ٱلْحَنْبَلِيّ , romanized : al-ḥanbalī , pl. ٱلْحَنْبَلِيَّة , al-ḥanbaliyya or ٱلْحَنَابِلَة , al-ḥanābila ). It adheres to the Athari school of theology and is the smallest out of the four major Sunni schools, the others being the Hanafi , Maliki and Shafi'i schools. Like the other Sunni schools, it primarily derives sharia from the Quran , hadith and views of Muhammad's companions . In cases where there is no clear answer in the sacred texts of Islam, the Hanbali school does not accept juristic discretion or customs of a community as sound bases to derive Islamic law on their own—methods that the Hanafi and Maliki schools accept. Hanbalis are the majority in the Arabian Peninsula, although the Salafi movement has grown, especially in Saudi Arabia , Qatar and the UAE . Hanbali minorities are found in Iraq , Syria , Egypt , and among Jordanian bedouins . With the rise of the 18th-century conservative Wahabbi movement , the Hanbali school experienced a great reformation. The Wahhabi movement's founder, Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab , collaborated with the House of Saud to spread Hanbali teachings with a Wahhabist interpretation around the world. However, British orientalist Michael Cook argues Ahmad's own beliefs actually played "no real part in the establishment of the central doctrines of Wahhabism", and in spite of their shared tradition, "the older Hanbalite authorities had doctrinal concerns very different from those of the Wahhabis". There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or templates on this page, but the references will not show without a template or template (see the help page ). Understanding Islamic Law: From Classical to Contemporary . Modern Islamic thought in a radical age .