Wikipedia's first sentence called it “founder and scientific director of the israel institute of applied social research”. Today it says “american and israeli sociologist and professor of social and psychological assessment at the hebrew university”. Sections present on October 6, 2023 no longer exist: “Publications”.
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Machine-checked against the full current article on 2026-08-03.
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The opening as it read in 2010
Louis (Eliyahu) Guttman ( ; 1916–1987) was founder and Scientific Director of the Israel Institute of Applied Social Research , later renamed the Guttman Institute , and Professor of Social and Psychological Assessment at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem .1Born in the United States , Guttman later emigrated to Palestine with his wife Ruth in 1947. Guttman was described as a brilliant innovator who "saw theory in method and method in theory", was "informed by high sophistication in mathematics, statistics, sociology and psychology", and one who "made a major contribution to democratic policy-making in the new state" and “was concerned with the 'well-being' of individuals, groups and society" (from a posthumous award ceremony by the World Association of Public Opinion Research, 1988). His work left a legacy of major developments in the theory and practice of scale and factor analysis , multidimensional scaling and Facet Theory . His earlier work in scaling analysis produced what has been called the Guttman scale .2
This is Wikipedia's own text, saved in our repository. Their copy of it is revision 371103243.
The opening as it stood in 2015 4 passages from the previous snapshot no longer appear
Louis (Eliyahu) Guttman (February 10, 1916 – October 25, 1987; ) was an Israeli mathematician and Professor of Social and Psychological Assessment at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem .He founded and was the scientific director of the Israel Institute of Applied Social Research, later renamed the Guttman Institute before finally becoming the Guttman Center (part of the Israel Democracy Institute ).
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 667870492.
The opening as it stood in 2020
Louis (Eliyahu) Guttman (February 10, 1916 – October 25, 1987; ) was an American mathematician and sociologist and Professor of Social and Psychological Assessment at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem , known primarily for his work in social statistics . He founded and was the scientific director of the Israel Institute of Applied Social Research, later renamed the Guttman Institute before finally becoming the Guttman Center (part of the Israel Democracy Institute ). In Johnson, Norman L.; Kotz, Samuel (eds.).Leading Personalities in Statistical Sciences .
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 955219040.
The opening as it stood on October 6, 2023 1 passage from the previous snapshot no longer appear
Louis (Eliyahu) Guttman (February 10, 1916 – October 25, 1987; ) was an American sociologist and Professor of Social and Psychological Assessment at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem , known primarily for his work in social statistics . In Johnson, Norman L.; Kotz, Samuel (eds.). Leading Personalities in Statistical Sciences .
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 1165339514.
The opening as it stood in 2025
Louis Guttman ( Hebrew : לואיס (אליהו) גוטמן ; February 10, 1916 – October 25, 1987) was an American sociologist and Professor of Social and Psychological Assessment at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem , known primarily for his work in social statistics . In Johnson, Norman L.; Kotz, Samuel (eds.). Leading Personalities in Statistical Sciences .
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 1297183664. This is our newest snapshot; the live article may have moved again since.
Today
Wikipedia's first sentence called it “founder and scientific director of the israel institute of applied social research”. Today it says “american and israeli sociologist and professor of social and psychological assessment at the hebrew university”. Sections present on October 6, 2023 no longer exist: “Publications”. Read the current article and compare.
2010
2015
2020
Oct '23
2025
Counts in the opening at each snapshot. Green: the word gained ground. Red: it was cut. Grey: no change.
What Wikipedia says this is
Every article opens by defining its subject. This one was redefined since 2010, and today's defining sentence is their current revision.
Then
founder and scientific director of the israel institute of applied social research
Now
american and israeli sociologist and professor of social and psychological assessment at the hebrew university
Sections that no longer exist
Present on October 6, 2023, absent today, with no near-matching heading in the current article and the article shorter overall, so this is not a renamed heading or a topic absorbed into a fuller treatment. 1 section of 400 characters or more gone since October 6 2023, with the article 249 characters shorter.
Publications
Struck red text is no longer in the article; dotted amber text was rewritten. Every revision id links to Wikipedia's copy; the text shown is our own saved copy. Data: /data. Wikipedia text is CC BY-SA; quoted for the record; not affiliated with Wikipedia.
