Wikipedia's first sentence called it “said by some to have spread to areas of the far-east beyond elam”. Today it says “named shakbah”.
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Machine-checked against the full current article on 2026-08-03.
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The opening as it read in 2005
Lud should not be confused with Ludim descended from Mizraim .1The descendants of Lud are said by some to have spread to areas of the far-east beyond Elam .2However, others, following Josephus , would draw a strong connection with various Anatolian peoples, including Lydia (Assyrian Luddu ); cf. geographic references to the 'Mountains of Lud' (Anatolia) in the Book of Jubilees . v t e3
This is Wikipedia's own text, saved in our repository. Their copy of it is revision 16270051.
The opening as it stood in 2010 1 passage from the previous snapshot no longer appear
Lud ( לוּד ) was a son of Shem and grandson of Noah , according to Genesis 10 (the " Table of Nations ").Lud should not be confused with the Ludim , said there to be descended from Mizraim .The descendants of Lud are usually, following Josephus , connected with various Anatolian peoples, particularly Lydia (Assyrian Luddu ) and their predecessors, the Luwians ; cf. geographic references to the 'Mountains of Lud' (Anatolia) in Jubilees , and Herodotus ' assertion ( Histories i. 7) that the Lydians were first so named after their king, Lydus (Λυδός).However, the chronicle of Hippolytus of Rome (c. 234 AD) identifies Lud's descendants with the Lazones or Alazonii (names usually taken as variants of the " Halizones " said by Strabo to have once lived along the Halys ) while it derives the Lydians from the aforementioned Ludim, son of Mizraim.It has been conjectured by others that Lud's descendants spread to areas of the far-east beyond Elam , or that they were identified with the Lullubi .Some scholars have also associated the Biblical Lud with the Lubdu of Assyrian sources, who inhabited certain parts of western Media and Atropatene .The Muslim historian Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari (c. 915) recounts a tradition that the wife of Lud was named Shakbah, daughter of Japheth , and that she bore him "Faris, Jurjan, and the races of Faris".He further asserts that Lud was the progenitor of not only the Persians, but also the Amalekites and Canaanites, and all the peoples of the East, Oman, Hejaz, Syria, Egypt, and Bahrein.
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 366712795.
The opening as it stood in 2015
Lud (Hebrew: ) was a son of Shem and grandson of Noah , according to Genesis 10 (the " Table of Nations "). Lud should not be confused with the Ludim , said there to be descended from Mizraim , a son of Ham . The descendants of Lud are usually, following Josephus , connected with various Anatolian peoples, particularly Lydia (Assyrian Luddu ) and their predecessors, the Luwians ; cf. Herodotus ' assertion ( Histories i. 7) that the Lydians were first so named after their king, Lydus (Λυδός). However, the chronicle of Hippolytus of Rome (c. 234 AD) identifies Lud's descendants with the Lazones or Alazonii (names usually taken as variants of the " Halizones " said by Strabo to have once lived along the Halys ) while it derives the Lydians from the aforementioned Ludim, son of Mizraim. The Book of Jubilees , in describing how the world was divided between Noah's sons and grandsons, says that Lud received "the mountains of Asshur and all appertaining to them till it reaches the Great Sea, and till it reaches the east of Asshur his brother." (Charles translation.) The Ethiopian version reads, more clearly "... until it reaches, toward the east, toward his brother Asshur's portion." Jubilees also says that Japheth 's son Javan received islands in front of Lud's portion, and that Tubal received three large peninsulae, beginning with the first peninsula nearest Lud's portion.In all these cases, 'Lud's portion' seems to refer to the entire Anatolian peninsula, west of Mesopotamia. Some scholars have associated the Biblical Lud with the Lubdu of Assyrian sources, who inhabited certain parts of western Media and Atropatene . It has been conjectured by others that Lud's descendants spread to areas of the far-east beyond Elam , or that they were identified with the Lullubi . The Muslim historian Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari (c. 915) recounts a tradition that the wife of Lud was named Shakbah, daughter of Japheth , and that she bore him "Faris, Jurjan, and the races of Faris". He further asserts that Lud was the progenitor of not only the Persians, but also the Amalekites and Canaanites, and all the peoples of the East, Oman, Hejaz, Syria, Egypt, and Bahrein.
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 638392639.
The opening as it stood in 2020 1 passage from the previous snapshot no longer appear
A map of the Generations of Noah placing the "Lud" in Lydia , following Josephus . Lud ( ) was a son of Shem and grandson of Noah , according to Genesis 10 (the " Table of Nations "). The descendants of Lud are usually, following Josephus , connected with various Anatolian peoples, particularly Lydia (Assyrian Luddu ) and their predecessors, the Luwians ; cf. Herodotus ' assertion ( Histories i. 7) that the Lydians were first so named after their king, Lydus (Λυδός). However, the chronicle of Hippolytus of Rome (c. 234 AD) identifies Lud's descendants with the Lazones or Alazonii (names usually taken as variants of the " Halizones " said by Strabo to have once lived along the Halys ) while it derives the Lydians from the aforementioned Ludim, son of Mizraim. The Book of Jubilees , in describing how the world was divided between Noah's sons and grandsons, says that Lud received "the mountains of Asshur and all appertaining to them till it reaches the Great Sea, and till it reaches the east of Asshur his brother" (Charles translation). The Ethiopian version reads, more clearly "... until it reaches, toward the east, toward his brother Asshur's portion." Jubilees also says that Japheth 's son Javan received islands in front of Lud's portion, and that Tubal received three large peninsulae, beginning with the first peninsula nearest Lud's portion. In all these cases, "Lud's portion" seems to refer to the entire Anatolian peninsula, west of Mesopotamia. Some scholars have associated the Biblical Lud with the Lubdu of Assyrian sources, who inhabited certain parts of western Media and Atropatene . It has been conjectured by others that Lud's descendants spread to areas of the far-east beyond Elam , or that they were identified with the Lullubi . 10th century Muslim historian Ali ibn al-Husayn al-Masudi writes in his widely acclaimed historical book The Meadows of Gold and Mines of Gems that Keyumars was the son of Lud , son of Shem . The Muslim historian Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari (c. 915) recounts a tradition that the wife of Lud was named Shakbah, daughter of Japheth , and that she bore him " Faris , Jurjan , and the races of Persia ." He further asserts that Lud was the progenitor of not only the Persians, but also the Amalekites and Canaanites, and all the peoples of the East, Oman, Hejaz, Syria, Egypt, and Bahrain.
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 879406239.
The opening as it stood on October 6, 2023
Biblical character Not to be confused with the Ludim , supposedly descended from Mizraim son of Ham . A map of the Generations of Noah placing the "Lud" in Lydia , following Josephus . Lud ( Lūḏ ) was a son of Shem and grandson of Noah , according to Genesis 10 (the " Table of Nations "). The descendants of Lud are usually, following Josephus , connected with various Anatolian peoples, particularly Lydia (Assyrian Luddu ) and their predecessors, the Luwians ; cf. Herodotus ' assertion ( Histories i. 7) that the Lydians were first so named after their king, Lydus (Λυδός). However, the chronicle of Hippolytus of Rome (c. 234 AD) identifies Lud's descendants with the Lazones or Alazonii (names usually taken as variants of the " Halizones " said by Strabo to have once lived along the Halys ) while it derives the Lydians from the aforementioned Ludim, son of Mizraim. The Book of Jubilees , in describing how the world was divided between Noah's sons and grandsons, says that Lud received "the mountains of Asshur and all appertaining to them till it reaches the Great Sea, and till it reaches the east of Asshur his brother" (Charles translation). The Ethiopian version reads, more clearly "... until it reaches, toward the east, toward his brother Asshur's portion." Jubilees also says that Japheth 's son Javan received islands in front of Lud's portion, and that Tubal received three large peninsulae, beginning with the first peninsula nearest Lud's portion. In all these cases, "Lud's portion" seems to refer to the entire Anatolian peninsula, west of Mesopotamia. Some scholars have associated the Biblical Lud with the Lubdu of Assyrian sources, who inhabited certain parts of western Media and Atropatene . 10th century Muslim historian Ali ibn al-Husayn al-Masudi writes in his widely acclaimed historical book The Meadows of Gold and Mines of Gems that Keyumars , the first king of Persia , was the son of Lud, son of Shem . The Muslim historian Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari (c. 915) recounts a tradition that the wife of Lud was named Shakbah, daughter of Japheth , and that with him she gave birth to " Faris , Jurjan , and the races of Persia." He further asserts that Lud was the progenitor of not only the Persians, but also the Amalekites and Canaanites, and all the peoples of the East, Oman, Hejaz, Syria, Egypt, and Bahrain. Some creationists identify Lud as the progenitor of Haplogroup I-M170 .
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 1168553637.
The opening as it stood in 2025
Biblical character Not to be confused with the Ludim , supposedly descended from Mizraim son of Ham . A map of the Generations of Noah placing the "Lud" in Lydia , following Josephus . Lud ( Hebrew : לוּד Lūḏ ) was a son of Shem and grandson of Noah , according to Genesis 10 (the " Table of Nations "). The descendants of Lud are usually, following Josephus , connected with various Anatolian peoples, particularly Lydia (Assyrian Luddu ) and their predecessors, the Luwians ; cf. Herodotus ' assertion ( Histories i. 7) that the Lydians were first so named after their king, Lydus (Λυδός). However, the chronicle of Hippolytus of Rome (c. 234 AD) identifies Lud's descendants with the Lazones or Alazonii (names usually taken as variants of the " Halizones " said by Strabo to have once lived along the Halys ) while it derives the Lydians from the aforementioned Ludim, son of Mizraim. The Book of Jubilees , in describing how the world was divided between Noah's sons and grandsons, says that Lud received "the mountains of Asshur and all appertaining to them till it reaches the Great Sea, and till it reaches the east of Asshur his brother" (Charles translation). The Ethiopian version reads, more clearly "... until it reaches, toward the east, toward his brother Asshur's portion." Jubilees also says that Japheth 's son Javan received islands in front of Lud's portion, and that Tubal received three large peninsulae, beginning with the first peninsula nearest Lud's portion. In all these cases, "Lud's portion" seems to refer to the entire Anatolian peninsula, west of Mesopotamia. Some scholars have associated the Biblical Lud with the Lubdu of Assyrian sources, who inhabited certain parts of western Media and Atropatene . 10th century Muslim historian Ali ibn al-Husayn al-Masudi writes in his widely acclaimed historical book The Meadows of Gold and Mines of Gems that Keyumars , the first king of Persia , was the son of Lud, son of Shem . The Muslim historian Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari (c. 915) recounts a tradition that the wife of Lud was named Shakbah, daughter of Japheth , and that with him she gave birth to " Faris , Jurjan , and the races of Persia." He further asserts that Lud was the progenitor of not only the Persians, but also the Amalekites and Canaanites, and all the peoples of the East, Oman, Hejaz, Syria, Egypt, and Bahrain. Some creationists identify Lud as the progenitor of Haplogroup I-M170 .
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 1253384058. This is our newest snapshot; the live article may have moved again since.
Today
Wikipedia's first sentence called it “said by some to have spread to areas of the far-east beyond elam”. Today it says “named shakbah”. Read the current article and compare.
2005
2010
2015
2020
Oct '23
2025
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What Wikipedia says this is
Every article opens by defining its subject. This one was redefined since 2005, and today's defining sentence is their current revision.
Then
said by some to have spread to areas of the far-east beyond elam
Now
named shakbah
Struck red text is no longer in the article; dotted amber text was rewritten. Every revision id links to Wikipedia's copy; the text shown is our own saved copy. Data: /data. Wikipedia text is CC BY-SA; quoted for the record; not affiliated with Wikipedia.