Malachi

The Prophet Malachi, painting by Duccio di Buoninsegna, c. 1310 (Museo dell'Opera del Duomo, Siena Cathedral ). Malachi , Malachias or Mal'achi ( Hebrew : מַלְאָכִי , Modern : Mal'akhi , Tiberian : Malʼāḵî , "My Messenger", see malakh ) was a Jewish prophet in the Hebrew Bible . He was the last of the minor prophets of David , and the writer of the Book of Malachi , the last book of the Christian edition Old Testament canon ( Book of Malachi 4:4–6 ), and is the last book of the Neviim (prophets) section in the Jewish Tanakh . No allusion is made to him by Ezra , however, and he does not directly mention the restoration of the temple . The editors of the 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia implied that he prophesied after Haggai and Zechariah ( Malachi 1:10 ; 3:1 , 3:10 ) and speculated that he delivered his prophecies about 420 BC , after the second return of Nehemiah from Persia ( Book of Nehemiah 13:6 ), or possibly before his return, comparing Malachi 2:8 with Nehemiah 13:15 ; Malachi 2:10–16 with Nehemiah 13:23 ).

The Prophet Malachi, painting by Duccio di Buoninsegna, c. 1310 (Museo dell'Opera del Duomo, Siena Cathedral ). Malachi , Malachias , Malache or Mal'achi ( / ˈ m æ l ə k aɪ / ; Hebrew : מַלְאָכִי , Modern : Mal'akhi , Tiberian : Malʼāḵî , "Messenger", see malakh ) was a Jewish prophet in the Hebrew Bible . Malachi was the writer of the Book of Malachi , the last book of the Neviim (prophets) section in the Jewish Tanakh . In the Christian Old Testament, the Prophetic Books are placed last, making Book of Malachi the last protocanonical book before the Deuterocanonical books or The New Testament . No allusion is made to him by Ezra , however, and he does not directly mention the restoration of the temple . The editors of the 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia implied that he prophesied after Haggai and Zechariah ( Malachi 1:10 ; 3:1 , 3:10 ) and speculated that he delivered his prophecies about 420 BC, after the second return of Nehemiah from Persia ( Book of Nehemiah 13:6 ), or possibly before his return, comparing Malachi 2:8 with Nehemiah 13:15 ; Malachi 2:10–16 with Nehemiah 13:23 ). According to the 1897 Easton's Bible Dictionary , it is possible that Malachi is not a proper name , but simply means "messenger of YHWH ". The Septuagint superscription is ἐν χειρὶ ἀγγέλου αὐτοῦ, (by the hand of his messenger). Malachi at the Easton's Bible Dictionary

The Prophet Malachi, painting by Duccio di Buoninsegna , c. 1310-1311 (Museo dell'Opera del Duomo, Siena Cathedral ). Malachi , Malachias , Malache or Mal'achi ( / ˈ m æ l ə k aɪ / ; Hebrew : , Modern : Malaḵay , Tiberian : Malʾāḵay , "Messenger", see malakh ) was the traditional writer of the Book of Malachi , the last book of the Neviim (prophets) section in the Hebrew Bible . No allusion is made to him by Ezra , however, and he does not directly mention the restoration of the temple . The editors of the 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia implied that he prophesied after Haggai and Zechariah ( Malachi 1:10 ; 3:1 , 3:10 ) and speculated that he delivered his prophecies about 420 BCE, after the second return of Nehemiah from Persia ( Book of Nehemiah 13:6 ), or possibly before his return, comparing Malachi 2:8 with Nehemiah 13:15 ( Malachi 2:10–16 with Nehemiah 13:23 ). In the Septuagint, or Greek Old Testament , the Prophetic Books are placed last, making the Book of Malachi the last protocanonical book before the Deuterocanonical books or The New Testament . According to the 1897 Easton's Bible Dictionary , it is possible that Malachi is not a proper name , but simply means "messenger of YHWH ". The Greek Old Testament superscription is ἐν χειρὶ ἀγγέλου αὐτοῦ, (by the hand of his messenger). Malachi at the Easton's Bible Dictionary

Traditional writer of the Book of Malachi For the prophetic book, see Book of Malachi . Malachi ( / ˈ m æ l ə k aɪ / ; Hebrew : מַלְאָכִי ‎ , Modern : Malʾaḵī , Tiberian : Malʾāḵī , "my messenger"), also known as Malachias , is the name used by the author of the Book of Malachi , the last book of the Nevi'im (Prophets) section of the Tanakh . According to the 1897 Easton's Bible Dictionary , it is possible that Malachi is not a proper name . Because it simply means "messenger", many assume it to be a pseudonym . Jewish tradition claims that the real identity of Malachi is Ezra the scribe .

Traditional writer of the Book of Malachi For the prophetic book, see Book of Malachi . Malachi or Malachias ( / ˈ m æ l ə k aɪ / ; Hebrew : מַלְאָכִי ‎ , Modern : Malʾaḵī , Tiberian : Malʾāḵī , "my messenger") is the name used by the author of the Book of Malachi , the last book of the Nevi'im (Prophets) section of the Tanakh . It is possible that Malachi is not a proper name , because it means "messenger"; it has been assumed to be a pseudonym . According to Jewish tradition, the real identity of Malachi is Ezra the scribe . Some scholars argue that the Book of Malachi is the result of multiple stages of redaction; most of its text originated in the Persian period , with the oldest stratum from around 500 BCE and redactions into the Hellenistic period. The Oxford Handbook of the Minor Prophets . Most commentators consider the book of Malachi to be the product of multiple redactional activities (see O'Brien 1990, 51–57; Kessler 2011, 59–61)…In sum, the oldest stratum of the book is likely to date to around 500. Most of the text originates from the Achaemenid period. In general, the Persians pursued a policy of peaceful and harmonious unification of nations under Persian domination. The writing of Malachi seems to accept the Persian rule. Kessler (2011) dates the final form of the writing of Malachi later, in the fourth century. Reflections of Hellenization in the wake of Alexander the Great are rare, however. Noetzel considers Ptolemaic influence for the idea that the "sun of righteousness" brings healing (2015). The appendix in 4:5–6 [Heb. 3:23–24], which refers to a profound generation conflict, resonates with the tensions between those who opened themselves to Hellenization and those who strictly rejected it. Ecclesiasticus 49:10 mentions the "twelve prophets" around 180 BCE, probably presupposing the Book of the Twelve Prophets as a scroll. At this time, the book of Malachi must have been almost finished.