Wikipedia's first sentence called it “talmudist and author”. Today it says “talmudist and author from thessaloniki”.
Measured, not asserted. Every count, date and revision on this page was taken from Wikipedia's own history and checked against the live article. The words quoted are theirs.
Machine-checked against the full current article on 2026-08-03.
We saved snapshots of this article over twenty years; you are reading the 2020 one. Red dashes: removed from Wikipedia since.Pale dots: rewritten; the numbered note shows what it says now.Red text: written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot.1 tap a number or a side note to jump between them
The opening as it read in 2020
Samuel ben Moses de Medina (abbreviated RaShDaM , or Maharashdam ; 1505 – October 12, 1589), was a Talmudist and author from Thessaloniki . He was principal of the Talmudic college of that city, which produced a great number of prominent scholars during the 16th and 17th centuries. His teachers were the noted Talmudists Joseph Taitazak and Levi Ibn Chaviv , and among his schoolmates were Isaac Adarbi , Joseph ibn Leb , and Moses Almosnino . While on a mission to Constantinople he met the noted grammarian Menahem Lonzano , who studied under him for some time and who therefore speaks of him as his teacher ( David Conforte , Kore ha-Dorot, ed. Among Samuel's many disciples who attained prominence were Abraham de Boton , Joseph ibn Ezra and Ḥayyim Shabbethai . He had a controversy with Joseph Karo and other rabbis at Safed , against whom he wrote a polemical letter ( Ketav Tochachah ). A grandson of his was Samuel Hayyun , author of Bene Shemuel , novellae and responsa (Salonica, c. 1613).
This is Wikipedia's own text, saved in our repository. Their copy of it is revision 964019234.
The opening as it stood in 2010
Rabbi Samuel ben Moses de Medina (abbreviated RaShDaM , Hebrew רשד"ם or Maharashdam ), was a Talmudist and author; born 1505; died October 12, 1589, at Salonica . He was principal of the Talmudic college of that city, which produced a great number of prominent scholars during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. His teachers were the noted Talmudists Joseph Taitazak and Levi Ibn Chaviv , and among his schoolmates were Isaac Adarbi , Joseph ibn Leb , and Moses Almosnino . While on a mission to Constantinople he met the noted grammarian Menahem Lonzano , who studied under him for some time and who therefore speaks of him as his teacher ( David Conforte , Kore ha-Dorot, ed. Among Samuel's many disciples who attained prominence were Abraham de Boton and Joseph ibn Ezra . He had a controversy with Joseph Karo and other rabbis at Safed , against whom he wrote a polemical letter ( Ketav Tochachah ; see Azulai , Shem haGedolim , s.v.). A grandson of his was Samuel Hayyun , author of Bene Shemuel , novellae and responsa (Salonica, 1613?).
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 333677901.
The opening as it stood in 2015
Rabbi Samuel ben Moses de Medina (abbreviated RaShDaM , Hebrew רשד"ם or Maharashdam ; 1505 – October 12, 1589), was a Talmudist and author from Thessaloniki . He was principal of the Talmudic college of that city, which produced a great number of prominent scholars during the 16th and 17th centuries. His teachers were the noted Talmudists Joseph Taitazak and Levi Ibn Chaviv , and among his schoolmates were Isaac Adarbi , Joseph ibn Leb , and Moses Almosnino . While on a mission to Constantinople he met the noted grammarian Menahem Lonzano , who studied under him for some time and who therefore speaks of him as his teacher ( David Conforte , Kore ha-Dorot, ed. Among Samuel's many disciples who attained prominence were Abraham de Boton and Joseph ibn Ezra . He had a controversy with Joseph Karo and other rabbis at Safed , against whom he wrote a polemical letter ( Ketav Tochachah ; see Azulai , Shem haGedolim , s.v.). A grandson of his was Samuel Hayyun , author of Bene Shemuel , novellae and responsa (Salonica, c. 1613).
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 660211061.
The opening as it stood on October 6, 2023
Rabbi Samuel ben Moses de Medina (abbreviated RaShDaM , or Maharashdam ; 1505 – October 12, 1589), was a Talmudist and author from Thessaloniki . He was principal of the Talmudic college of that city, which produced a great number of prominent scholars during the 16th and 17th centuries. His teachers were the noted Talmudists Joseph Taitazak and Levi Ibn Chaviv , and among his schoolmates were Isaac Adarbi , Joseph ibn Leb , and Moses Almosnino . While on a mission to Constantinople he met the noted grammarian Menahem Lonzano , who studied under him for some time and who therefore speaks of him as his teacher ( David Conforte , Kore ha-Dorot, ed. Among Samuel's many disciples who attained prominence were Abraham de Boton , Joseph ibn Ezra and Ḥayyim Shabbethai . He had a controversy with Joseph Karo and other rabbis at Safed , against whom he wrote a polemical letter ( Ketav Tochachah ). A grandson of his was Samuel Hayyun , author of Bene Shemuel , novellae and responsa (Salonica, c. 1613).
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 1170713872.
The opening as it stood in 2025
Rabbi Samuel ben Moses de Medina (abbreviated RaShDaM , Hebrew : רשד"ם or Maharashdam ; 1505 – October 12, 1589), was a Talmudist and author from Thessaloniki . He was principal of the Talmudic academy of that city, which produced a great number of prominent scholars during the 16th and 17th centuries. His teachers were the noted Talmudists Joseph Taitazak and Levi Ibn Chaviv , and among his schoolmates were Isaac Adarbi , Joseph ibn Leb , and Moses Almosnino . While on a mission to Constantinople he met the noted grammarian Menahem Lonzano , who studied under him for some time and who therefore speaks of him as his teacher. Among Samuel's many disciples who attained prominence were Abraham de Boton , Joseph ibn Ezra and Ḥayyim Shabbethai . He had a controversy with Joseph Karo and other rabbis at Safed , against whom he wrote a polemical letter ( Ketav Tochachah ). A grandson of his was Samuel Hayyun , author of Bene Shemuel , novellae and responsa (Salonica, c. 1613).
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 1286492086. This is our newest snapshot; the live article may have moved again since.
Today
Wikipedia's first sentence called it “talmudist and author”. Today it says “talmudist and author from thessaloniki”. Read the current article and compare.
2010
2015
2020
Oct '23
2025
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What Wikipedia says this is
Every article opens by defining its subject. This one was redefined since 2010, and today's defining sentence is their current revision.
Then
talmudist and author
Now
talmudist and author from thessaloniki
Struck red text is no longer in the article; dotted amber text was rewritten. Every revision id links to Wikipedia's copy; the text shown is our own saved copy. Data: /data. Wikipedia text is CC BY-SA; quoted for the record; not affiliated with Wikipedia.