Talmud

Halakhic Midrash Aggadic Midrash Targum v t e The Talmud ( Hebrew : תַּלְמוּד talmūd "instruction, learning", from a root [[[:wikt:למד|lmd]]] Error: {{Lang}}: Non-latn text (pos 9: ל)/Latn script subtag mismatch ( help ) "teach, study") is a central text of mainstream Judaism , in the form of a record of rabbinic discussions pertaining to Jewish law , ethics , philosophy, customs and history. The Talmud has two components: the Mishnah (c. 200 CE ), the first written compendium of Judaism's Oral Law; and the Gemara (c. 500 CE), a discussion of the Mishnah and related Tannaitic writings that often ventures onto other subjects and expounds broadly on the Tanakh . The terms Talmud and Gemara are often used interchangeably. The Gemara is the basis for all codes of rabbinic law and is much quoted in other rabbinic literature . The whole Talmud is also traditionally referred to as Shas ( ש"ס ), a Hebrew abbreviation of shisha sedarim , the "six orders" of the Mishnah.

Halakhic Midrash Aggadic Midrash Targum v t e The Talmud ( / ˈ t ɑː l m ʊ d , - m ə d , ˈ t æ l -/ ; Hebrew : talmūd "instruction, learning", from a root [[[:wikt:למד|lmd]]] Error: {{Lang}}: Non-latn text (pos 9: ל)/Latn script subtag mismatch ( help ) "teach, study") is a central text of Rabbinic Judaism . It is also traditionally referred to as Shas ( ), a Hebrew abbreviation of shisha sedarim , the "six orders". The term "Talmud" normally refers to the Babylonian Talmud, though there is also an earlier collection known as the Jerusalem Talmud . The Talmud has two components. The first part is the Mishnah (Hebrew: משנה, c. 200 CE), the written compendium of Rabbinic Judaism's Oral Torah (Torah meaning "Instruction", "Teaching" in Hebrew). The second part is the Gemara ( c. 500 CE), an elucidation of the Mishnah and related Tannaitic writings that often ventures onto other subjects and expounds broadly on the Hebrew Bible . The term Talmud can be used to mean either the Gemara alone, or the Mishnah and Gemara as printed together. The whole Talmud consists of 63 tractates, and in standard print is over 6,200 pages long. It is written in Tannaitic Hebrew and Aramaic . The Talmud contains the teachings and opinions of thousands of rabbis on a variety of subjects, including Halakha (law), Jewish ethics , philosophy, customs, history , lore and many other topics. The Talmud is the basis for all codes of Jewish law and is much quoted in rabbinic literature .

"Talmudic Aramaic" refers to the Jewish Babylonian Aramaic as found in the Talmud. A central text of Rabbinic Judaism Halakhic Midrash Aggadic Midrash Targum v t e The Talmud ( / ˈ t ɑː l m ʊ d , - m ə d , ˈ t æ l -/ ; ) is the central text of Rabbinic Judaism and the primary source of Jewish religious law ( halakha ) and Jewish theology . Until the advent of modernity , in nearly all Jewish communities, the Talmud was the centerpiece of Jewish cultural life and was foundational to "all Jewish thought and aspirations", serving also as "the guide for the daily life" of Jews. The term "Talmud" normally refers to the collection of writings named specifically the Babylonian Talmud ( Talmud Bavli ), although there is also an earlier collection known as the Jerusalem Talmud ( Talmud Yerushalmi ). It may also traditionally be called Shas ( ש״ס ), a Hebrew abbreviation of shisha sedarim , or the "six orders" of the Mishnah . The Talmud has two components; the Mishnah ( , c. 200), a written compendium of Rabbinic Judaism's Oral Torah ; and the Gemara ( , c. 500), an elucidation of the Mishnah and related Tannaitic writings that often ventures onto other subjects and expounds broadly on the Hebrew Bible . The term "Talmud" may refer to either the Gemara alone, or the Mishnah and Gemara together. The entire Talmud consists of 63 tractates , and in the standard print, called the Vilna Shas , it is 2,711 double-sided folios. It is written in Mishnaic Hebrew and Jewish Babylonian Aramaic and contains the teachings and opinions of thousands of rabbis (dating from before the Common Era through to the fifth century) on a variety of subjects, including halakha , Jewish ethics , philosophy, customs , history , and folklore , and many other topics. The Talmud is the basis for all codes of Jewish law, and is widely quoted in rabbinic literature . The Essential Talmud (30th anniversary ed.). The Formation of the Babylonian Talmud . Wipf and Stock Publishers. p. ix. A History of the Jewish People . In Safrai, Shmuel (ed.). The Literature of the Jewish People in the Period of the Second Temple and the Talmud, Volume 3 The Literature of the Sages .

Central text of Rabbinic Judaism This article is about the Babylonian Talmud. "Talmudic Aramaic" refers to the Jewish Babylonian Aramaic as found in the Talmud. Halakhic Midrash Aggadic Midrash Targum v t e The Talmud ( / ˈ t ɑː l m ʊ d , - m ə d , ˈ t æ l -/ ; ) is the central text of Rabbinic Judaism and the primary source of Jewish religious law ( halakha ) and Jewish theology . Until the advent of modernity , in nearly all Jewish communities, the Talmud was the centerpiece of Jewish cultural life and was foundational to "all Jewish thought and aspirations", serving also as "the guide for the daily life" of Jews. The term Talmud normally refers to the collection of writings named specifically the Babylonian Talmud ( Talmud Bavli ), although there is also an earlier collection known as the Jerusalem Talmud ( Talmud Yerushalmi ). It may also traditionally be called Shas ( ש״ס ), a Hebrew abbreviation of shisha sedarim , or the "six orders" of the Mishnah . The Talmud has two components: the Mishnah ( משנה , c. 200 CE), a written compendium of the Oral Torah ; and the Gemara ( גמרא , c. 500 CE), an elucidation of the Mishnah and related Tannaitic writings that often ventures onto other subjects and expounds broadly on the Hebrew Bible . The term "Talmud" may refer to either the Gemara alone, or the Mishnah and Gemara together. The entire Talmud consists of 63 tractates , and in the standard print, called the Vilna Shas , there are 2,711 double-sided folios. It is written in Mishnaic Hebrew and Jewish Babylonian Aramaic and contains the teachings and opinions of thousands of rabbis (dating from before the Common Era through to the fifth century) on a variety of subjects, including halakha , Jewish ethics , philosophy, customs , history , and folklore , and many other topics. The Talmud is the basis for all codes of Jewish law and is widely quoted in rabbinic literature . The Essential Talmud (30th anniversary ed.). The Formation of the Babylonian Talmud . Wipf and Stock Publishers. p. ix. A History of the Jewish People . In Safrai, Shmuel (ed.). The Literature of the Jewish People in the Period of the Second Temple and the Talmud, Volume 3 The Literature of the Sages .

Central text of Rabbinic Judaism This article is about the Babylonian Talmud. The Talmud on display in the Jewish Museum of Switzerland brings together parts from the first two Talmud prints by Daniel Bomberg and Ambrosius Froben . Halakhic Midrash Aggadic Midrash Targum v t e The Talmud ( / ˈ t ɑː l m ʊ d , - m ə d , ˈ t æ l -/ ; Hebrew : תַּלְמוּד ‎ , romanized : Talmūḏ , lit. ' teaching ' ) is the central text of Rabbinic Judaism and the primary source of Jewish religious law ( halakha ) and Jewish theology . Until the advent of modernity , in nearly all Jewish communities, the Talmud was the centerpiece of Jewish cultural life and was foundational to "all Jewish thought and aspirations", serving also as "the guide for the daily life" of Jews. The Talmud includes the teachings and opinions of thousands of rabbis on a variety of subjects, including halakha , Jewish ethics , philosophy , customs , history , and folklore , and many other topics. The Talmud is a commentary on the Mishnah . This text is made up of 63 tractates , each covering one subject area. The language of the Talmud is Jewish Babylonian Aramaic . Talmudic tradition emerged and was compiled between the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 CE and the Arab conquest in the early seventh century. Traditionally, it is thought that the Talmud itself was compiled by Rav Ashi and Ravina II around 500 CE, although it is more likely that this happened in the middle of the sixth century. The word Talmud commonly refers to the Babylonian Talmud ( Talmud Bavli ) and not the earlier Jerusalem Talmud ( Talmud Yerushalmi ). The Babylonian Talmud is the more extensive of the two and is considered the more important. The Formation of the Babylonian Talmud . Wipf and Stock Publishers. p. ix. A History of the Jewish People . The influence of the Babylonian geonim ... also weighted the scales in favour of the Talmud of their land, which they introduced and taught in all the Diaspora communities of the Middle Ages, as well as in the Land of Israel. Thus the Babylonian Talmud gained primary influence on Jewish history throughout the ages. It became the basic - and in many places almost the exclusive ~ asset of Jewish tradition, the foundation of all Jewish thought and aspirations and the guide for the daily life of the Jew. Other components of national culture were made known only in so far as they were embedded in the Talmud. In almost every period and community until the modern age, the Talmud was the main object of Jewish study and education; all the external conditions and events of life seemed to be but passing incidents, and the only true, permanent reality was that of the Talmud. In Safrai, Shmuel (ed.). The Literature of the Jewish People in the Period of the Second Temple and the Talmud, Volume 3 The Literature of the Sages . The Talmud: What It Is and What It Says (2006). There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or templates on this page, but the references will not show without a template or template (see the help page ).