Warsaw Ghetto Uprising

Some 220 to 600 ŻOB and 150 to 400 ŻZW fighters (on April 19, 1943), thousands of civilians either fought or provided support. Smaller numbers of Polish fighters outside of the ghetto provided support. The 17 Germans killed do not include Jewish forced collaborators The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising ( ; ; ) was the Jewish resistance that arose within the Warsaw Ghetto in German occupied Poland during World War II , and which opposed Nazi Germany 's effort to transport the remaining ghetto population to Treblinka extermination camp . The insurgency was launched against the Germans on January 18, 1943. The most significant portion of the rebellion took place from April 19 until May 16, 1943, and ended when the poorly armed and supplied resistance was crushed by the German troops under the direct command of Jürgen Stroop . It was the largest single revolt by the Jews during the Holocaust . A Child at Gunpoint. Jewish uprisings in Ghettos and Camps, 1941-1944 USHMM

The 16 killed on the German side do not include Jewish forced collaborators. The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising ( ; ; ) was the 1943 act of Jewish resistance that arose within the Warsaw Ghetto in German-occupied Poland during World War II , and which opposed Nazi Germany 's final effort to transport the remaining Ghetto population to Treblinka extermination camp . The most significant portion of the rebellion took place beginning on 19 April, but ended when the poorly supplied resistance was defeated by the German soldiers. This officially finished their operation to liquidate the Ghetto on 16 May. It was the largest single revolt by Jews during World War II.

Jewish insurgency against Nazi Germany in German-occupied Poland during World War II Not to be confused with the 1944 Warsaw Uprising . Ludwig Hahn Mordechai Anielewicz † Yitzhak Zuckerman Zivia Lubetkin Maurycy Orzech Marek Edelman Paweł Frenkiel † Leon Rodal † Dawid Wdowiński Henryk Iwański Strength Daily average of 2,090 including 821 Waffen-SS About 600 ŻOB and about 400 ŻZW fighters, plus a number of Polish fighters Casualties and losses 110 (17 dead, 93 wounded (German figures)). 56,065 killed/and or captured of which approximately 36,000 deported to extermination camps (German estimate) The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising was the 1943 act of Jewish resistance in the Warsaw Ghetto in German-occupied Poland during World War II to oppose Nazi Germany 's final effort to transport the remaining ghetto population to Majdanek and Treblinka concentration camps. After the Grossaktion Warsaw of summer 1942, in which more than a quarter of a million Jews were deported from the ghetto to Treblinka and murdered, the remaining Jews began to build bunkers and smuggle weapons and explosives into the ghetto. The left-wing Jewish Combat Organization (ŻOB) and right-wing Jewish Military Union (ŻZW) formed and began to train. A small resistance effort to another roundup in January 1943 was partially successful and spurred the Polish groups to support the Jews in earnest. The uprising started on 19 April when the ghetto refused to surrender to the police commander SS-Brigadeführer Jürgen Stroop , who then ordered the burning of the ghetto, block by block, ending on 16 May. A total of 13,000 Jews died, about half of them burnt alive or suffocated. German casualties were probably less than 150, with Stroop reporting only 110 casualties [16 killed + 1 dead/93 wounded]. It was the largest single revolt by Jews during World War II. The Jews knew that the uprising was doomed and their survival was unlikely. Marek Edelman , the only surviving ŻOB commander, said that the motivation for fighting was "to pick the time and place of our deaths". According to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum , the uprising was "one of the most significant occurrences in the history of the Jewish people". Two Flags: Return to the Warsaw Ghetto . The Polish Underground and the Jews, 1939–1945 . Ghettos in German-Occupied Eastern Europe . Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, 1933–1945 .

Ludwig Hahn Mordechai Anielewicz † Yitzhak Zuckerman Zivia Lubetkin Maurycy Orzech Marek Edelman Paweł Frenkiel † Leon Rodal † Dawid Wdowiński Strength Daily average of 2,090, including 821 Waffen-SS About 600 ŻOB and about 400 ŻZW fighters, plus a number of Polish fighters Casualties and losses January uprising: About a dozen killed Several dozen wounded April uprising: German figures: 17 killed 93 wounded Jewish resistance estimate: 300 casualties 56,065 killed or captured of which approximately 36,000 deported to extermination camps (German estimate) The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising ( ; ; ) was the 1943 act of Jewish resistance in the Warsaw Ghetto in German-occupied Poland during World War II to oppose Nazi Germany 's final effort to transport the remaining ghetto population to the gas chambers of the Majdanek and Treblinka extermination camps . After the Grossaktion Warsaw of summer 1942, in which more than a quarter of a million Jews were deported from the ghetto to Treblinka and murdered, the remaining Jews began to build bunkers and smuggle weapons and explosives into the ghetto. The left-wing Jewish Combat Organization (ŻOB) and right-wing Jewish Military Union (ŻZW) formed and began to train. A small resistance effort to another roundup in January 1943 was partially successful and spurred Polish resistance groups to support the Jews in earnest. The uprising started on 19 April when the ghetto refused to surrender to the police commander SS-Brigadeführer Jürgen Stroop , who ordered the destruction of the ghetto, block by block, ending on 16 May. A total of 13,000 Jews were killed, about half of them burnt alive or suffocated. Stroop reported 110 German casualties, including 17 killed. The uprising was the largest single revolt by Jews during World War II. The Jews knew that victory was impossible and survival unlikely. Marek Edelman , the only surviving ŻOB commander, said their inspiration to fight was "not to allow the Germans alone to pick the time and place of our deaths". According to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum , the uprising was "one of the most significant occurrences in the history of the Jewish people". Two Flags: Return to the Warsaw Ghetto . Ghettos in German-Occupied Eastern Europe . Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, 1933–1945 .

Jewish insurgency against Nazi Germany in German-occupied Poland during World War II Belligerents Germany Gestapo , Orpo , SD , Waffen-SS , Wehrmacht Jewish resistance Jewish Combat Organization Jewish Military Union Supported by: AK (Home Army) GL (People's Guard) Commanders and leaders Ferdinand von Sammern-Frankenegg (relieved from command) Jürgen Stroop Arpad Wigand Ludwig Hahn Mordechai Anielewicz † Yitzhak Zuckerman Zivia Lubetkin Maurycy Orzech Marek Edelman Paweł Frenkiel † Leon Rodal † Dawid Wdowiński Strength Daily average of 2,090, including 821 Waffen-SS About 600 ŻOB and about 400 ŻZW fighters, plus a number of Polish fighters Casualties and losses January uprising: About a dozen killed Several dozen wounded April uprising: German figures: 17 killed 93 wounded Jewish resistance estimate: 300 casualties 56,065 killed or captured of which approximately 36,000 deported to extermination camps (German estimate) The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising was the 1943 act of Jewish resistance in the Warsaw Ghetto in German-occupied Poland during World War II to oppose Nazi Germany 's final effort to transport the remaining ghetto population to the gas chambers of the Majdanek and Treblinka extermination camps . After the Grossaktion Warsaw of summer 1942, in which more than a quarter of a million Jews were deported from the ghetto to Treblinka and murdered, the remaining Jews began to build bunkers and smuggle weapons and explosives into the ghetto. The left-wing Jewish Combat Organization (ŻOB) and right-wing Jewish Military Union (ŻZW) formed and began to train. A small resistance effort to another roundup in January 1943 was partially successful and spurred Polish resistance groups to support the Jews in earnest. The uprising started on 19 April when the ghetto refused to surrender to the police commander SS-Brigadeführer Jürgen Stroop , who ordered the destruction of the ghetto, block by block, ending on 16 May. A total of 13,000 Jews were killed, about half of them burnt alive or suffocated. Stroop reported 110 German casualties, including 17 killed. The uprising was the largest single revolt by Jews during World War II. The Jews knew that victory was impossible and survival unlikely. Marek Edelman , the last surviving ŻOB commander who died in 2009, said their inspiration to fight was "not to allow the Germans alone to pick the time and place of our deaths". According to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum , the uprising was "one of the most significant occurrences in the history of the Jewish people". Two Flags: Return to the Warsaw Ghetto . Ghettos in German-Occupied Eastern Europe . Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, 1933–1945 . There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or templates on this page, but the references will not show without a template or template (see the help page ).