Homophobia

Homophobia (from Greek homos , same and f o bos , fear) literally means "fear of the same," however the term "homo" as a reference to homosexuals was used in the creation of the word. There are several different interpretations. The two main varieties of this phobic attitude are: Prejudice against Lesbian , Gay , Bisexual , and Transgender people. Fear of homosexuality (and possibly the associated avoidance of exposure to homosexuals or related materials and situations).

It can be expressed as antipathy , contempt , prejudice , aversion, or hatred , may be based on irrational fear , and is sometimes related to religious beliefs . Homophobia is observable in critical and hostile behavior such as discrimination and violence on the basis of sexual orientations that are non-heterosexual . Recognized types of homophobia include institutionalized homophobia, e.g. religious homophobia and state-sponsored homophobia, and internalized homophobia, experienced by people who have same-sex attractions, regardless of how they identify. Forms of homophobia toward identifiable LGBT social groups have similar yet specific names: lesbophobia – the intersection of homophobia and sexism directed against lesbians, biphobia – towards bisexuality and bisexual people, and transphobia , which targets transsexualism , transsexual and transgender people, and gender variance or gender role nonconformity. In the USA, according to the 2010 Hate Crimes Statistics released by the FBI National Press Office, 19.3 percent of hate crimes across the United States "were motivated by a sexual orientation bias." Moreover, in a Southern Poverty Law Center 2010 Intelligence Report extrapolating data from fourteen years (1995–2008), which had complete data available at the time, of the FBI's national hate crime statistics found that LGBT people were "far more likely than any other minority group in the United States to be victimized by violent hate crime." Teaching for Diversity and Social Justice . Because of the complicated interplay among gender identity, gender roles, and sexual identity, transgender people are often assumed to be lesbian or gay (See Overview: Sexism, Heterosexism, and Transgender Oppression ). ... Because transgender identity challenges a binary conception of sexuality and gender, educators must clarify their own understanding of these concepts. ... Facilitators must be able to help participants understand the connections among sexism, heterosexism, and transgender oppression and the ways in which gender roles are maintained, in part, through homophobia. : Unknown parameter |authors= ignored ( help ) Encyclopedia of Interpersonal Violence . In a culture of homophobia (an irrational fear of gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender [GLBT] people), GLBT people often face a heightened risk of violence specific to their sexual identities. : Unknown parameter |authors= ignored ( help ) Women's Gynecologic Health . Homophobia is an individual's irrational fear or hate of homosexual people. "European Parliament resolution on homophobia in Europe" , Texts adopted Wednesday, 18 January 2006 – Strasbourg Final edition- "Homophobia in Europe" at "A" point "homophobia, n.2". Fear or hatred of homosexuals and homosexuality. : |access-date= requires |url= ( help ) ; External link in |chapterurl= ( help ) ; Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored ( |chapter-url= suggested) ( help ) Dowd, Mark (26 February 2013). The Declining Significance of Homophobia . Transgender people subjected to violence, in a range of cultural contexts, frequently report that transphobic violence is expressed in homophobic terms. The tendency to translate violence against a trans person to homophobia reflects the role of gender in attribution of homosexuality as well as the fact that hostility connected to homosexuality is often associated with the perpetrators' prejudices about particular gender practices and their visibility.

Negative attitudes and discrimination toward homosexuality and LGBT people sidebar Culture Business Coming out Community African-American Disability and LGBTQ people Drag culture in New York City Dyke March Events Awareness periods Largest events Gay village Homophile movement Media Bury your gays Films New queer cinema Periodicals LGBTQ culture in New York City Pride Pride Month Parade Queer art QPR and QPP Same-sex relationship Cross-sex relationship Slang Polari Socialization Subcultures Symbols Flags Takatāpui Transgender culture of New York City Moe aikāne Tourism Wigstock Rights Adoption Civil union Decriminalization Gender self-identification Intersex Legal recognition of intersex people Legal recognition of non-binary gender Marriage Military service Parenting Rights by country or territory Trans rights Yogyakarta Principles Health Association of LGBTQ Psychiatrists MSM and Blood donation restrictions / HIV LGBTQ medical organizations Reproduction Mental health National LGBT Cancer Network Transgender health care Gender-affirming hormone therapy Gender-affirming surgery Gender transition Legal status of gender-affirming healthcare Misinformation Suicide Societal attitudes Allonormative amatonormative Cisnormative Heteronormative Comphet Opposition to LGBTQ rights UK anti-trans movement 2020s US anti-LGBTQ Trump-era persecution of trans people Grooming conspiracy theory Media portrayal Religion & LGBTQ Homosexuality Trans people Sexual diversity Stereotypes Issues Acephobia Arophobia AIDS stigma Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric Biphobia Bullying Censorship Closeted Outing Criminalization Domestic violence Erasure Straightwashing Bisexual Lesbian Trans Gay bashing Gayphobia Heteropatriarchy Heterosexism Homophobia Liberal Intersex discrimination Legality of conversion therapy Lesbophobia Suicide Youth vulnerability Migration Mixed-orientation marriage Racism Sexualism Transphobia Non-binary people Transgender inequality Trans men Trans women Violence in Belize in UK in US List Trans people Academic fields and discourse Communism & LGBTQ rights Gender studies Lesbian feminism Lavender linguistics LGBTQ conservatism In the US Neuroqueer theory Queer anarchism Queer studies Queer theory Social construction of gender Socialism & LGBTQ rights Transfeminism Transgender studies Travesti See also Autism and LGBTQ people Discrimination against LGBTQ people Gay-friendly GLAAD LGBTQ-affirming religious groups LGBTQ ageing LGBTQ retirement issues in the United States LGBTQ sex education Straight ally LGBTQ portal v t e Homophobia encompasses a range of negative attitudes and feelings toward homosexuality or people who are identified or perceived as being lesbian , gay , bisexual or transgender ( LGBT ). It has been defined as contempt , prejudice , aversion, hatred or antipathy , may be based on irrational fear and ignorance, and is often related to religious beliefs . Homophobia is observable in critical and hostile behavior such as discrimination and violence on the basis of sexual orientations that are non-heterosexual . Recognized types of homophobia include institutionalized homophobia, e.g. religious homophobia and state-sponsored homophobia, and internalized homophobia, experienced by people who have same-sex attractions, regardless of how they identify. Negative attitudes toward identifiable LGBT groups have similar yet specific names: lesbophobia is the intersection of homophobia and sexism directed against lesbians , biphobia targets bisexuality and bisexual people, and transphobia targets transgender and transsexual people and gender variance or gender role nonconformity. According to 2010 Hate Crimes Statistics released by the FBI National Press Office, 19.3 percent of hate crimes across the United States "were motivated by a sexual orientation bias." Moreover, in a Southern Poverty Law Center 2010 Intelligence Report extrapolating data from fourteen years (1995–2008), which had complete data available at the time, of the FBI's national hate crime statistics found that LGBT people were "far more likely than any other minority group in the United States to be victimized by violent hate crime." The term homophobia and its usage have been criticized by several sources as unwarrantedly pejorative. Teaching for Diversity and Social Justice . Because of the complicated interplay among gender identity, gender roles, and sexual identity, transgender people are often assumed to be lesbian or gay (See Overview: Sexism, Heterosexism, and Transgender Oppression ). ... Because transgender identity challenges a binary conception of sexuality and gender, educators must clarify their own understanding of these concepts. ... Facilitators must be able to help participants understand the connections among sexism, heterosexism, and transgender oppression and the ways in which gender roles are maintained, in part, through homophobia. Encyclopedia of Interpersonal Violence . In a culture of homophobia (an irrational fear of gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender [GLBT] people), GLBT people often face a heightened risk of violence specific to their sexual identities. Homophobia is an individual's irrational fear or hate of homosexual people. "European Parliament resolution on homophobia in Europe" , Texts adopted Wednesday, 18 January 2006 – Strasbourg Final edition- "Homophobia in Europe" at "A" point "homophobia, n.2". Fear or hatred of homosexuals and homosexuality. : External link in |chapterurl= ( help ) ; Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored ( |chapter-url= suggested) ( help ) Mark McCormack (23 May 2013). The Declining Significance of Homophobia . Transgender people subjected to violence, in a range of cultural contexts, frequently report that transphobic violence is expressed in homophobic terms. The tendency to translate violence against a trans person to homophobia reflects the role of gender in attribution of homosexuality as well as the fact that hostility connected to homosexuality is often associated with the perpetrators' prejudices about particular gender practices and their visibility.

Negative attitudes and discrimination toward homosexuality and LGBT people For the Chumbawamba song, see Homophobia (song) . It has been defined as contempt , prejudice , aversion, hatred or antipathy , may be based on irrational fear and may sometimes be related to religious beliefs . Homophobia is observable in critical and hostile behavior such as discrimination and violence on the basis of sexual orientations that are non-heterosexual . Recognized types of homophobia include institutionalized homophobia, e.g. religious homophobia and state-sponsored homophobia, and internalized homophobia, experienced by people who have same-sex attractions, regardless of how they identify. Negative attitudes toward identifiable LGBT groups have similar yet specific names: lesbophobia is the intersection of homophobia and sexism directed against lesbians , gayphobia is the dislike or hatred of gay men , biphobia targets bisexuality and bisexual people, and transphobia targets transgender and transsexual people and gender variance or gender role nonconformity. According to 2010 Hate Crimes Statistics released by the FBI National Press Office, 19.3 percent of hate crimes across the United States "were motivated by a sexual orientation bias." Moreover, in a Southern Poverty Law Center 2010 Intelligence Report extrapolating data from FBI national hate crime statistics from 1995 to 2008, found that LGBT people were "far more likely than any other minority group in the United States to be victimized by violent hate crime." Adams, Maurianne; Bell, Lee Anne; Griffin, Pat (2007). Teaching for Diversity and Social Justice . Because of the complicated interplay among gender identity, gender roles, and sexual identity, transgender people are often assumed to be lesbian or gay (See Overview: Sexism, Heterosexism, and Transgender Oppression ). ... Because transgender identity challenges a binary conception of sexuality and gender, educators must clarify their own understanding of these concepts. ... Facilitators must be able to help participants understand the connections among sexism, heterosexism, and transgender oppression and the ways in which gender roles are maintained, in part, through homophobia. Encyclopedia of Interpersonal Violence . In a culture of homophobia (an irrational fear of gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender [GLBT] people), GLBT people often face a heightened risk of violence specific to their sexual identities. Homophobia is an individual's irrational fear or hate of homosexual people. "European Parliament resolution on homophobia in Europe" , Texts adopted Wednesday, 18 January 2006 – Strasbourg Final edition- "Homophobia in Europe" at "A" point "homophobia, n.2" . Fear or hatred of homosexuals and homosexuality. The Declining Significance of Homophobia . Encyclopedia of Cross-Cultural School Psychology (2 ed.). Transgender people subjected to violence, in a range of cultural contexts, frequently report that transphobic violence is expressed in homophobic terms. The tendency to translate violence against a trans person to homophobia reflects the role of gender in attribution of homosexuality as well as the fact that hostility connected to homosexuality is often associated with the perpetrators' prejudices about particular gender practices and their visibility. "FBI Releases 2010 Hate Crime Statistics" (Press release).

Negative attitudes towards homosexual people This article is about negative attitudes and discrimination toward homosexuality and LGBTQ people. Homophobic protesters of Westboro Baptist Church , in Oklahoma , 2005 sidebar Culture Business Coming out Community African-American Disability and LGBTQ people Drag culture in New York City Dyke March Events Awareness periods Largest events Gay village Homophile movement Media Bury your gays Films New queer cinema Periodicals LGBTQ culture in New York City Pride Pride Month Parade Queer art QPR and QPP Same-sex relationship Cross-sex relationship Slang Polari Socialization Subcultures Symbols Flags Takatāpui Transgender culture of New York City Moe aikāne Tourism Wigstock Rights Adoption Civil union Decriminalization Gender self-identification Intersex Legal recognition of intersex people Legal recognition of non-binary gender Marriage Military service Parenting Rights by country or territory Trans rights Yogyakarta Principles Health Association of LGBTQ Psychiatrists MSM and Blood donation restrictions / HIV LGBTQ medical organizations Reproduction Mental health National LGBT Cancer Network Transgender health care Gender-affirming hormone therapy Gender-affirming surgery Gender transition Legal status of gender-affirming healthcare Misinformation Suicide Societal attitudes Allonormative amatonormative Cisnormative Heteronormative Comphet Opposition to LGBTQ rights UK anti-trans movement 2020s US anti-LGBTQ Trump-era persecution of trans people Grooming conspiracy theory Media portrayal Religion & LGBTQ Homosexuality Trans people Sexual diversity Stereotypes Issues Acephobia Arophobia AIDS stigma Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric Biphobia Bullying Censorship Closeted Outing Criminalization Domestic violence Erasure Straightwashing Bisexual Lesbian Trans Gay bashing Gayphobia Heteropatriarchy Heterosexism Homophobia Liberal Intersex discrimination Legality of conversion therapy Lesbophobia Suicide Youth vulnerability Migration Mixed-orientation marriage Racism Sexualism Transphobia Non-binary people Transgender inequality Trans men Trans women Violence in Belize in UK in US List Trans people Academic fields and discourse Communism & LGBTQ rights Gender studies Lesbian feminism Lavender linguistics LGBTQ conservatism In the US Neuroqueer theory Queer anarchism Queer studies Queer theory Social construction of gender Socialism & LGBTQ rights Transfeminism Transgender studies Travesti See also Autism and LGBTQ people Discrimination against LGBTQ people Gay-friendly GLAAD LGBTQ-affirming religious groups LGBTQ ageing LGBTQ retirement issues in the United States LGBTQ sex education Straight ally LGBTQ portal v t e Homophobia encompasses a range of negative attitudes and feelings toward homosexuality or people who identify or are perceived as being lesbian , gay or bisexual . It has been defined as contempt, prejudice, aversion, hatred, or antipathy , may be based on irrational fear and may sometimes be attributed to religious beliefs. Homophobia is observable in critical and hostile behavior such as discrimination and violence on the basis of sexual orientations that are non-heterosexual . Recognized types of homophobia include institutionalized homophobia, e.g. religious homophobia and state-sponsored homophobia, and internalized homophobia, experienced by people who have same-sex attractions, regardless of how they identify. According to 2010 Hate Crimes Statistics released by the FBI National Press Office, 19.3 percent of hate crimes across the United States "were motivated by a sexual orientation bias." Moreover, in a Southern Poverty Law Center 2010 Intelligence Report extrapolating data from FBI national hate crime statistics from 1995 to 2008, found that LGBTQ people were "far more likely than any other minority group in the United States to be victimized by violent hate crime." Adams, Maurianne; Bell, Lee Anne; Griffin, Pat (2007). Teaching for diversity and social justice . Because of the complicated interplay among gender identity, gender roles, and sexual identity, transgender people are often assumed to be lesbian or gay (See Overview: Sexism, Heterosexism, and Transgender Oppression ). ... Because transgender identity challenges a binary conception of sexuality and gender, educators must clarify their own understanding of these concepts. ... Facilitators must be able to help participants understand the connections among sexism, heterosexism, and transgender oppression and the ways in which gender roles are maintained, in part, through homophobia. Encyclopedia of Interpersonal Violence . In a culture of homophobia (an irrational fear of gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender [GLBT] people), GLBT people often face a heightened risk of violence specific to their sexual identities. Homophobia is an individual's irrational fear or hate of homosexual people. European Parliament resolution on homophobia in Europe (Strasbourg Final ed.). 18 January 2006. Fear or hatred of homosexuals and homosexuality. The declining significance of homophobia . Violence against queer people: Race, class, gender, and the persistence of anti-LGBT discrimination . "FBI releases 2010 hate crime statistics" (Press release).