Wikipedia's first sentence called it “prominent persian philosopher from ray”. Today it says “persian chancery official of the buyid era”.
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Machine-checked against the full current article on 2026-08-03.
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The opening as it read in 2020
Miskawayh ( Muskūyah, 932–1030), full name Abū ʿAlī Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn Yaʿqūb ibn Miskawayh was a Persian chancery official of the Buyid era , and philosopher and historian from Parandak, Iran .1 As a Neoplatonist , his influence on Islamic philosophy is primarily in the area of ethics . He was the author of the first major Islamic work on philosophical ethics entitled the Refinement of Character ( تهذيب الأخلاق Tah dh īb al - A kh lāq ), focusing on practical ethics, conduct, and refinement of character. He separated personal ethics from the public realm, and contrasted the liberating nature of reason with the deception and temptation of nature. Miskawayh was a prominent figure in the intellectual and cultural life of his time. Encyclopaedia of Islam, Vol. 7: Mif-Naz (2nd ed.).
This is Wikipedia's own text, saved in our repository. Their copy of it is revision 944209783.
The opening as it stood in 2005
Ahmad Ibn Muhammad Miskawayh , aka Ibn Miskawayh ( 932 - 1030 ) was a prominent Persian philosopher from Ray, Iran .
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 17657451.
The opening as it stood in 2010
Abu 'Ali Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Ya'qub Ibn Miskawayh , (Persian: ابن مسكوويه) also known as Ibn Miskawayh (932-1030) was a prominent Persian philosopher and historian from Ray, Iran .He was active during the Buwayhid era.As a neo-platonist , his influence on Islamic philosophy is primarily on in the area of ethics .He was the author of the first major Islamic work on philosophical ethics, entitled Tadhib al-akhlaq (Ethical Instruction), focusing on practical ethics, conduct, and refinement of character.He separated personal ethics from the public realm, and contrasted the liberating nature of reason with the deception and temptation of nature.
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 361151612.
The opening as it stood in 2015 1 passage from the previous snapshot no longer appear
Abu 'Ali Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Ya'qub Ibn Miskawayh ( Persian : ابن مسكوويه), also known as Ibn Miskawayh (932–1030) or Ebn Meskavayh , was a Persian chancery official of the Buyid era, and philosopher and historian from Rey, Iran . As a neo-platonist , his influence on Islamic philosophy is primarily in the area of ethics . He was the author of the first major Islamic work on philosophical ethics, entitled Tahdhib al-akhlaq (تهذيب الأخلاق: Refinement of Morals), focusing on practical ethics, conduct, and refinement of character. He separated personal ethics from the public realm, and contrasted the liberating nature of reason with the deception and temptation of nature. Ebn Meskavayh was a prominent figure in the intellectual and cultural life of his time.
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 660431566.
The opening as it stood on October 6, 2023
Persian philosopher and historian ( 932–1030) Ibn Miskawayh ( Muskūyah, 932–1030), ( Arabic : مِسْكَوَيْه، أبو علي محمد بن أحمد بن يعقوب مسكويه الرازي) full name Abū ʿAlī Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn Yaʿqūb Miskawayh al-Rāzī was a Persian chancery official of the Buyid era , and philosopher and historian from Parandak, Iran . As a Neoplatonist , his influence on Islamic philosophy is primarily in the area of ethics . He was the author of the first major Islamic work on philosophical ethics entitled the Refinement of Character ( تهذيب الأخلاق Tah dh īb al - A kh lāq ), focusing on practical ethics, conduct, and the refinement of character. He separated personal ethics from the public realm, and contrasted the liberating nature of reason with the deception and temptation of nature. Miskawayh was a prominent figure in the intellectual and cultural life of his time. Encyclopaedia of Islam, Vol. 7: Mif-Naz (2nd ed.).
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 1177980031.
The opening as it stood in 2025
Persian philosopher and historian ( 932–1030) Ibn Miskuyah ( Persian : مُسْکُـوْيَه Muskūyah, 932–1030), ( Arabic : مِسْكَوَيْه، أبو علي محمد بن أحمد بن يعقوب مسكويه الرازي) full name Abū ʿAlī Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn Yaʿqūb Miskawayh al-Rāzī was a Persian chancery official of the Buyid era , and philosopher and historian from Parandak, Iran . As a Neoplatonist , his influence on Islamic philosophy is primarily in the area of ethics . He was the author of the first major Islamic work on philosophical ethics entitled the Refinement of Character ( تهذيب الأخلاق Tah dh īb al - A kh lāq ), focusing on practical ethics, conduct, and the refinement of character. He separated personal ethics from the public realm, and contrasted the liberating nature of reason with the deception and temptation of nature. Miskawayh was a prominent figure in the intellectual and cultural life of his time. Encyclopaedia of Islam, Vol. 7: Mif-Naz (2nd ed.).
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Today
Wikipedia's first sentence called it “prominent persian philosopher from ray”. Today it says “persian chancery official of the buyid era”. Read the current article and compare.
2005
2010
2015
2020
Oct '23
2025
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What Wikipedia says this is
Every article opens by defining its subject. This one was redefined since 2005, and today's defining sentence is their current revision.
Then
prominent persian philosopher from ray
Now
persian chancery official of the buyid era
Struck red text is no longer in the article; dotted amber text was rewritten. Every revision id links to Wikipedia's copy; the text shown is our own saved copy. Data: /data. Wikipedia text is CC BY-SA; quoted for the record; not affiliated with Wikipedia.
