The word “jihad” appeared 1 times in this article's opening at its peak in 2005. Today the opening carries none. 14 remain further down the article, where a reader arriving from a search result does not go.
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Machine-checked against the full current article on 2026-08-02. “jihad” appeared 1 times in this article's opening at its peak. Today the opening has none; the body has 14.
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The opening as it read in 2005
Muhammad (c. 570 - 632 ) considered by Muslims to be the final prophet of Islam , was a warrior only during the last ten years of his life. He preached Islam in his home city, Mecca , from 613 to 622 . He and his followers patiently endured taunts and persecution. Finally they fled Mecca and established themselves in Medina , a neighboring city. Mecca and Medina were soon at war. The war spread, as each city formed alliances and fought to extend its sway. The Muslims were ultimately victorious, with Muhammad entering Mecca -- without a fight -- as its new ruler. This occurred only eight years after his flight from the city. The last two years of his life were spent subduing the other tribes and cities of the Arabian peninsula. He was, in essence, the emperor of Arabia at the time of his death. Muhammad's critics often hold that the Muslims engaged in wars of aggression, that they caused much bloodshed and suffering, that they imposed Islam at the point of a sword, and that Muhammad's conduct is not an example to be imitated. Muslims respond that the Muslims fought only when attacked, or in the context of a wider war of self-defense. They argue that Muhammad was the first among the major military figures of history to lay down rules for humane warfare, and that he was scrupulous in limiting the loss of life as much as possible. Some Muslims have argued that by consulting the sirah , or biographical work, of early writers such as Ibn Hisham , it is possible to reconstruct a casualty figure of well under one thousand persons during the campaigns of Muhammad. Of these, something like 600 were the men of a Jewish tribe, the Bani Quraiza, whose case is a special one. They had agreed to, and violated, a treaty of alliance with the Muslims, who then met them in battle. When the Quraiza surrendered to Muhammad, they agreed that their fate should be decided by Sa'd bin Mu'adh, a former ally of theirs. Sa'd thereupon considered the case and held that the men of the Bani Quraiza should be judged by their own law. They were put to death accordingly. Some feel that this absolves Muhammad of any blame. Others may feel that he should have intervened in the cause of mercy. Some of the rules of war in Islam come from the Qur'an , while others come from what Muslims believe to be the sayings of Muhammad ( hadith ). From the Qur'an: Fight in the cause of Allah those who fight you, but do not transgress limits; for Allah loveth not transgressors. - Quran 2:190 If any one slew a person - unless it be for murder or for spreading mischief in the land - it would be as if he slew the whole people. - Quran 5:32 From the hadith: "You are neither hard-hearted nor of fierce character, nor one who shouts in the markets. You do not return evil for evil, but excuse and forgive." - Bukhari, Volume 6, Book 60, Number 362 "Do not kill any old person, any child or any woman" (Abu Dawud). "Do not kill the monks in monasteries" or "Do not kill the people who are sitting in places of worship" (Musnad of Ibn Hanbal). One of the most general and encompassing rules of warfare in Islam was given by Abu Bakr, Mohammed's closest friend and first successor, to an Islamic army set out for Syria. Do not commit treachery or deviate from the right path. Neither kill a child, nor a woman, nor an aged man. Bring no harm to the trees, nor burn them with fire, especially those which are fruitful. Slay not any of the enemy's flock, save for your food. You are likely to pass by people who have devoted their lives to monastic services; leave them alone." Other Quranic rules give a harsher impression.1
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The opening as it stood in 2020 31 passages from the previous snapshot no longer appear
16th century illustration of Muhammad (depicted as veiled and surrounded by flames) supervising the Battle of Uhud Life Mecca Hijrah First Islamic state After Conquest of Mecca Farewell Pilgrimage ( Farewell Sermon ) Hadith Milestones and records Career Military Diplomatic Miracles Quran ( First revelation ) Isra and Mi'raj Splitting of the Moon Views and Perspectives Views Jews Christians Perspectives Islam Bible Judaism Medieval Christian Historicity Criticism Succession Saqifah Ghadir Khumm Companions of Muhammad Hadith of the pen and paper Ahl al-Bayt Praise Salawat Naat Mawlid Related Mohammedan Mahound Al-Masjid an-Nabawi Possessions Relics Seal History of Islam Islam portal Biography portal v t e The military career of Muhammad , the prophet of Islam , lasted for the final ten years of his life, from 622 to 632.After he and his small fellowship were pushed out of the holy trading town of Mecca , controlled by the powerful Quraish tribe, he started intercepting Meccan caravans.After his first victory in a pitched battle at Badr in 623, his power grew increasingly and he began to subjugate other tribes through either diplomacy or conquest.In 630 he finally accomplished his long-term goal of conquering Mecca and the Kaaba .By his death in 632, Muhammad had managed to unite most of the Arabian Peninsula , laying the foundation for the subsequent Islamic expansion .
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The opening as it stood on October 6, 2023 4 passages from the previous snapshot no longer appear
Overview of Muhammad's military career The military career of Muhammad ( c. 570 – 8 June 632), the Islamic prophet, encompasses several expeditions and battles throughout the Hejaz region in the western Arabian Peninsula which took place in the final ten years of his life, from 622 to 632.His primary campaign was against his own tribe in Mecca , the Quraysh .Muhammad proclaimed prophethood around 610 and later migrated to Medina after being persecuted by the Quraysh in 622.After several battles against the Quraysh, Muhammad conquered Mecca in 629, ending his campaign against the tribe.Alongside his campaign against the Quraysh, Muhammad led campaigns against several other tribes of Arabia, most notably the three Arabian Jewish tribes of Medina and the Jewish fortress at Khaybar .He expelled the Banu Qaynuqa tribe for violating the Constitution of Medina in 624, followed by the Banu Nadir who were expelled in May 625 after being accused of plotting to assassinate him.Finally, in 628, he besieged and invaded the Jewish fortress of Khaybar, which hosted more than 10,000 Jews, which Muslim sources say was retaliation for planning to ally themselves with the local Arab pagan tribes.In the final years of his life, Muhammad sent several armies against the Byzantine Empire and the Ghassanids in northern Arabia and the Levant , before conquering Mecca in 630 and leading a campaign against some Arab pagan tribes close to Mecca, most notably in Ta'if .The last army led by Muhammad before his death was in the Battle of Tabuk in October 630.By his death in 632, Muhammad had managed to unite most of the Arabian Peninsula, laying the foundation for the subsequent Islamic expansion under the caliphates and defining Islamic military jurisprudence .
Red text was written in or rewritten since the previous snapshot. Their copy is revision 1177037095.
The opening as it stood in 2025
Life Mecca Hijrah First Islamic state After Conquest of Mecca Farewell Pilgrimage ( Farewell Sermon ) Hadith Milestones and records Career Military Diplomatic Miracles Quran ( First revelation ) Isra and Mi'raj Splitting of the Moon Views and Perspectives Views Jews Christians Perspectives Islam Bible Judaism Medieval Christian Historicity Criticism Succession Saqifah Ghadir Khumm Companions of Muhammad Hadith of the pen and paper Ahl al-Bayt Praise Salawat Naat Mawlid Related Mohammedan Mahound Al-Masjid an-Nabawi Possessions Relics Seal History of Islam Islam portal Biography portal v t e The military career of Muhammad ( c. 570 – 8 June 632), the Islamic prophet, encompasses several expeditions and battles throughout the Hejaz region in the western Arabian Peninsula which took place in the final ten years of his life, from 622 to 632. His primary campaign was against his own tribe in Mecca , the Quraysh . Muhammad proclaimed prophethood around 610 and later migrated to Medina after being persecuted by the Quraysh in 622. After several battles against the Quraysh, Muhammad conquered Mecca in 629, ending his campaign against the tribe. Alongside his campaign against the Quraysh, Muhammad led campaigns against several other tribes of Arabia, most notably the three Arabian Jewish tribes of Medina and the Jewish fortress at Khaybar . He expelled the Banu Qaynuqa tribe for violating the Constitution of Medina in 624, followed by the Banu Nadir who were expelled in May 625 after being accused of plotting to assassinate him. Finally, in 628, he besieged and invaded the Jewish fortress of Khaybar, which hosted more than 10,000 Jews, which Muslim sources say was retaliation for planning to ally themselves with the local Arab pagan tribes. During the final years of his life, Muhammad sent several armies against the Byzantine Empire and the Ghassanids in northern Arabia and the Levant , before conquering Mecca in 630 and leading a campaign against some Arab pagan tribes close to Mecca, most notably in Ta'if . The last army led by Muhammad before his death was in the Battle of Tabuk in October 630. By the time he died in 632, Muhammad had managed to unite most of the Arabian Peninsula, laying the foundation for the subsequent Islamic expansion under the caliphates and defining Islamic military jurisprudence .
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Today
“jihad” appeared 1 times in this article's opening at its peak. Today the opening has none; the body has 14. Read the current article and compare.
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