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The opening as it read in October 6, 2023

Gershom Scholem ( ) (5 December 1897 – 21 February 1982), was a German-born Israeli philosopher and historian .¹ Widely regarded as the founder of modern academic study of the Kabbalah , Scholem was appointed the first professor of Jewish mysticism at Hebrew University of Jerusalem . Scholem is acknowledged by the sages as the single most significant figure in the recovery, collection, annotation, and registration into rigorous Jewish scholarship of the canonical bibliography of mysticism and scriptural commentary that runs through its primordial phase in the Sefer Yetzirah , its inauguration in the Bahir , its exegesis in the Pardes and the Zohar to its cosmogonic, apocalyptic climax in Isaac Luria's Ein Sof that is known collectively as Kabbalah . After generations of demoralization and assimilation in the European enlightenment, the disappointment of messianic hopes, the famine of 1916 in Palestine, and the catastrophe of the Final Solution in Europe Scholem gathered and reassembled these sacred texts from many of the archives that had been disarranged, orphaned, confiscated under Nazi rule or otherwise washed up in Genizah cataloging the flood of fragments and disordered, decontextualized manuscripts into an annotated and relatively organized sequence of texts available to scholars and seekers within the reception of this tradition. Many other Jewish scholars assisted in this process of recovery once it was underway, but it is broadly recognized that Scholem initiated this process of textual and archival recovery and rebirth. As Scholem points out in his memoirs, the canon of sacred Jewish writings from the diaspora and the Middle Ages (re: " Kabbalah ") had fallen into such a state of disrepair and oblivion—fragmented and effaced by persecutions from without as well as contortions, conversions and schisms from within Judaism—that many of the "finest writings..." from the major currents of Jewish mysticism could only be found in long block quotations in antisemitic texts, where some "nincompoop who had quoted and translated the most wonderful, the most profound things," had assembled them "in order to decry them as blasphemies." (This was a strong, somewhat exaggerated statement for expressive effect that Scholem attributes to Ernst Bloch in his memoirs—but there he co-signs the sentiment and appropriates it as his own description of the state of affairs in other places.) Thanks to Scholem's efforts, and those of his students and colleagues, the confused and inscrutable condition of Kabbalistic bibliography and provenance would be significantly remedied after the end of the World Wars and the foundation of the modern state of Israel where Scholem worked as head librarian of the National Library in Jerusalem. Origins of the Kabbalah . Major trends in Jewish mysticism . Sabbatai Ṣevi; the mystical Messiah, 1626–1676 . OCLC 959423350 . : CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link ) PROCHNIK, GEORGE (2018). STRANGER IN A STRANGE LAND : searching for gershom scholem and jerusalem . Walter Benjamin : the story of a friendship .²

This is Wikipedia's own text, saved in our repository. Their copy of it is revision 1177386995.

The opening as it stood in 2005

Gershom Scholem (Born Gerhard Scholem , December 5 1897 in Berlin , died February 21 , 1982 in Jerusalem) was a German -born Jewish philosopher and historian. Scholem studied the roots of the Kabbalah and Jewish mysticism , founding a professorship for the study of the Kabbalah in Jerusalem . He wrote a famous biography of Sabbatai Zevi . The precocious interest of the young Scholem in Jewish traditions was strongly opposed by his father, Arthur. But thanks to his mother's intervention, he was allowed to study the Hebrew language and the Talmud with an orthodox rabbi. Scholem was no less attracted by secular and socialist Zionism . He studied mathematics, philosophy and Hebrew language at the university of Berlin . During his studies he met Martin Buber and Walter Benjamin . In this period he became friends with Shmuel Yosef Agnon , Hayim Nahman Bialik , Ahad ha-Am and Zalman Shazar . He was in Bern in 1918 with Benjamin and he was admitted to the local university. In this city he met Elsa Burckhardt , who would later become his first wife. He came back to Germany in 1919 , and he got a degree in semitic languages at the University of Munich . He wrote his doctor's thesis on the subject of the most ancient known kabbalistic text, Sefer ha-Bahir . Drawn to Zionism and influenced by Martin Buber , he emigrated in 1923 to Palestine ; here he devoted his time to studying Jewish mysticism and became a librarian, and later a lecturer, at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem. Scholem's brother Werner was a member of the ultra-left "Fischer-Maslow Group" and a member of the Reichstag , representing the Communist Party ( KPD ) in the German parliament; he was banned from the party and later murdered during the Third Reich . He taught the Kabbalah and mysticism from a scientific point of view, and became the first professor for Jewish mysticism at the university in 1933 , working in this post until his retirement in 1965 . In 1965 he was given the title of emeritus professor of the Hebrew University. He was awarded the Israel Prize in 1958. In 1962 he was elected vice-President, and in 1968, President of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities. Scholem died in Jerusalem in 1982 , leaving a widow, Fania Scholem.

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He is widely regarded as the founder of the modern, academic study of Kabbalah , becoming the first Professor of Jewish Mysticism at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem . Scholem is best known for his collection of lectures, Major Trends in Jewish Mysticism (1941) and for his biography Sabbatai Zevi, the Mystical Messiah (1973). His collected speeches and essays, published as On Kabbalah and its Symbolism (1965), helped to spread knowledge of Jewish mysticism among non-Jews.

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The opening as it stood in 2015

Gershom Scholem in 1925 Gerhard Scholem who, after his immigration from Germany to Palestine, changed his name to Gershom Scholem ( Hebrew : גרשם שלום) (December 5, 1897 – February 21, 1982), was a German-born Israeli philosopher and historian. He is widely regarded as the founder of the modern, academic study of Kabbalah , becoming the first Professor of Jewish Mysticism at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem . His close friends included Walter Benjamin and Leo Strauss , and selected letters from his correspondence with those philosophers have been published. Scholem is best known for his collection of lectures, Major Trends in Jewish Mysticism (1941) and for his biography Sabbatai Zevi, the Mystical Messiah (1973). His collected speeches and essays, published as On Kabbalah and its Symbolism (1965), helped to spread knowledge of Jewish mysticism among non-Jews.

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Gershom Scholem ( ) (December 5, 1897 – February 21, 1982), was a German-born Israeli philosopher and historian. He is widely regarded as the founder of the modern, academic study of Kabbalah . He was the first professor of Jewish Mysticism at Hebrew University of Jerusalem . His close friends included Walter Benjamin and Leo Strauss , and selected letters from his correspondence with those philosophers have been published. Scholem is best known for his collection of lectures, Major Trends in Jewish Mysticism (1941) and for his biography Sabbatai Zevi, the Mystical Messiah (1957). His collected speeches and essays, published as On Kabbalah and its Symbolism (1965), helped to spread knowledge of Jewish mysticism among both Jews and non-Jews.

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Israeli philosopher (1897–1982) Gershom Scholem ( Hebrew : גֵרְשׁׂם שָׁלוֹם ; 5 December 1897 – 21 February 1982) was an Israeli philosopher and historian . Widely regarded as the founder of modern academic study of the Kabbalah , Scholem was appointed the first professor of Jewish mysticism at Hebrew University of Jerusalem .

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Gershom Scholem

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