Rufus Isaacs, 1st Marquess of Reading

Rufus Isaacs, 1st Marquess of Reading , GCB , GCSI , GCIE , GCVO , PC , KC (10 October 1860 – 30 December 1935), was an English lawyer, jurist and politician. Both of his wives were Dames Grand Cross of the Order of the British Empire (GBE). The son of a Jewish fruit merchant at Spitalfields , Rufus Daniel Isaacs was educated at University College School , and then entered the family business at the age of fifteen. In 1876-77 he served as a ships-boy and later worked as a jobber on the stock-exchange, 1880-84. He was called to the bar, the Middle Temple , in 1887. Lord Reading on a tiger hunt in Nepal Isaacs garnered fame in the Bayliss v. Coleridge libel suit in 1903, and the Whitaker Wright case in 1904. In 1904, he entered the House of Commons as Liberal Party Member of Parliament (MP) for the Reading constituency , a seat he held until 1913. During this period, he served as both Solicitor General and Attorney-General in the governments of Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman and Herbert Henry Asquith , becoming the first Attorney-General to sit in the Cabinet in 1912. He led for the prosecution in the Seddon poisoning case in 1912. In 1913, he was made Lord Chief Justice , a position in which he served until 1921. In 1918, Isaacs was appointed Ambassador to the United States , a position in which he served until 1919, while continuing at the same time as Lord Chief Justice. In 1921, he resigned the chief justiceship to become Viceroy of India . Although he preferred a conciliatory policy, he ended up using force on several occasions, and imprisoned Mahatma Gandhi in 1922. In MacDonald's National Government in August 1931, he briefly served as Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs , but stood down after the first major reshuffle in November due to ill-health. Isaacs lived at Foxhill House in Earley , adjoining Reading , and was elevated to the Peerage as Baron Reading , of Erleigh in the County of Berkshire , in 1914, and continued to rise in the Peerage: he was created Viscount Reading , of Erleigh in the County of Berkshire, in 1916; Earl of Reading along with the subsidiary title of Viscount Erleigh , of Erleigh in the County of Berkshire, in 1917; and eventually Marquess of Reading in 1926. This is the highest rank in the Peerage reached by a Jew in British history. He was knighted in 1910, made a KCVO in 1911, a GCB in 1915, a GCSI and GCIE in 1921 (upon appointment as Viceroy of India) and a GCVO in 1922 Isaacs married Alice Edith Cohen in 1887. Alice, Lady Reading, appointed GBE , was a chronic invalid, who eventually died of cancer in 1927, a year after Reading's viceroyalty ended, after 40 years of marriage. He then married Stella Charnaud , the first Lady Reading's secretary. Stella Isaacs was later made a life peeress as Baroness Swanborough, of Swanborough, County Sussex , and later a Dame Grand Cross of the Order of the British Empire (GBE). His second marriage lasted until his own death in 1935. The Marquess of Reading and both of his wives were examples of married couples who both hold titles in their own right . He assumed the surname Rufus Isaacs , which is still used by his male-line descendants. Along with Alfred Mond and Herbert Samuel , Isaacs was a founding chairman of the precursor to the Israel Electric Corporation in the British Mandate of Palestine . The Reading Power Station in Tel Aviv , Israel , was named in his honour.

Rufus Daniel Isaacs, 1st Marquess of Reading , GCB GCSI GCIE GCVO PC KC (10 October 1860 – 30 December 1935) was the Viceroy of India (1921–25), barrister, jurist and the last member of the official Liberal Party to serve as Foreign Secretary . He was the second practising Jew to be a member of the British cabinet (the first being Herbert Samuel , who was also a member of the Asquith Government ), the first Jew to be Lord Chief Justice of England , and the first British Jew to be raised to a marquessate . Although Samuel's religious views were generally considered to be atheist, he remained an observant Jew to please his wife: see Wasserstein, Bernard. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography . Isaacs could be considered the first believing Jew to be a member of the Cabinet.

Rufus Daniel Isaacs, 1st Marquess of Reading , GCB , GCSI , GCIE , GCVO , PC (10 October 1860 – 30 December 1935) was a British Liberal politician and judge, who served as Lord Chief Justice of England , Viceroy of India , and Foreign Secretary , the last Liberal to hold that post. The second practising Jew to be a member of the British cabinet (the first being Herbert Samuel , who was also a member of H. Asquith 's government), Isaacs was the first Jew to be Lord Chief Justice , and the first, and as yet only, British Jew to be raised to a marquessate . Although Samuel's religious views were generally considered to be atheist, he remained an observant Jew to please his wife: see Wasserstein, Bernard. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography . Isaacs could be considered the first believing Jew to be a member of the Cabinet.

British politician (1860–1935) Rufus Daniel Isaacs, 1st Marquess of Reading , GCB , GCSI , GCIE , GCVO , PC (10 October 1860 – 30 December 1935), known as The Earl of Reading from 1917 to 1926, was a British Liberal politician and judge, who served as Lord Chief Justice of England , Viceroy of India , and Foreign Secretary , the last Liberal to hold that post. The second practising Jew to be a member of the British cabinet (the first being Herbert Samuel , who was also a member of H. Asquith 's government), Isaacs was the first Jew to be Lord Chief Justice , and the first, and as yet, only British Jew to be raised to a marquessate . Although Samuel's religious views were generally considered to be atheist, he remained an observant Jew to please his wife: see Wasserstein, Bernard (2004). Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.).

British politician (1860–1935) Rufus Daniel Isaacs, 1st Marquess of Reading (10 October 1860 – 30 December 1935), known as the Earl of Reading from 1917 to 1926, was a British Liberal politician and judge, who served as Lord Chief Justice of England , Viceroy of India , and Foreign Secretary , the last Liberal to hold that post. The second practising Jew to be a member of the British cabinet (the first being Herbert Samuel , who was also a member of H. Asquith 's government), Isaacs was the first Jewish Lord Chief Justice , and the first British Jew to become a marquess . Although Samuel's religious views were generally considered to be atheist, he remained an observant Jew to please his wife: see Wasserstein, Bernard (2004). Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.).